大病保险对我国中老年人家庭灾难性卫生支出影响实证分析

目的:考察大病保险对我国中老年人家庭灾难性卫生支出的影响,为完善我国大病保险制度提供建议。方法:以中国健康与养老追踪调查数据库(2011年与2015年)中45岁及以上的城乡中老年人家庭作为研究对象,利用描述性统计法和两部模型法分析大病保险对我国中老年人家庭灾难性卫生支出的影响。结果:目前的大病保险政策从总体上降低了中老年人家庭灾难性卫生支出的发生率,但没有显著降低其发生强度。结论:目前的大病保险并未达到其预期的效果,只是解决了"面"的问题,从总体上降低了灾难性卫生支出发生的可能性,但并没有解决"点"的问题,没有有效降低其大额的医疗卫生支出进而减少其医疗经济负担。建议各地各级政府相关部门应进一步完善大病保险制度,从而真正有效减轻居民重大疾病医疗经济负担。     

黄蜀葵花治疗2型糖尿病肾病早期蛋白尿40例临床观察

目的:探讨黄蜀葵花干预2型糖尿病肾病(T2DKD)早期蛋白尿的临床疗效.方法:将80例T2DKD早期患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各40例.对照组给予西医常规治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上加用黄蜀葵花片治疗.2组疗程均为6个月.观察2组治疗前后血糖、血脂、肝肾功能、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、尿白蛋白与尿肌酐比值(UACR)的变化.结果:治疗组脱落2例,对照组脱落1例.2组血压、血糖、血脂、肝肾功能、eGFR、合并用药情况治疗后组间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而UACR及UACR下降程度治疗后组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论:黄蜀葵花可明显减轻T2DKD早期患者尿蛋白水平,该疗效不依赖于血压和糖脂代谢的变化.     

益气化瘀解毒方对MRP、GST-π和Topo Ⅱ基因在Sorafenib获得性耐药人肝癌QGY7702细胞表达的干预研究

目的探讨益气化瘀解毒方干预后对Sorafenib获得性耐药人肝癌QGY7702细胞(QGY7702/Sora)增殖及MRP、GST-π和Topo Ⅱ基因表达的影响。方法培养QGY7702/Sora细胞和QGY7702细胞,利用Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)法检测Sorafenib对细胞的半数抑制率浓度(IC50值),计算耐药指数RI;观察益气化瘀解毒方对耐药细胞的增殖影响;采用荧光定量PCR检测药物干预前后2种细胞中MRP、GST-π和Topo Ⅱ基因表达水平。结果亲本细胞和耐药细胞Sorafenib的IC50值分别为(7.993±0.522)μmol/L和(19.651±1.216)μmol/L,RI约为2.5。益气化瘀解毒方可抑制耐药细胞的增殖活性。2种细胞的MRP、GST-π、Topo Ⅱ表达量无明显差异(P>0.05)。Sorafenib组可促进耐药细胞MRP 、GST-π基因的过表达(P<0.05),益气化瘀解毒方组可抑制GST-π基因的过表达(P<0.01),且联合Sorafenib可显著提高Topo Ⅱ基因的表达量(P<0.01)。结论 QGY7702/Sora细胞MRP、GST-π和Topo Ⅱ的表达水平与亲本细胞无显著差异。耐药细胞对Sorafenib敏感性降低与MRP、GST-π过表达相关,而益气化瘀解毒方拮抗Sorafenib耐药与抑制GST-π过表达相关。     

外科治疗56例心脏非黏液性肿瘤的临床分析

目的探讨心脏非黏液性肿瘤临床特点,总结外科治疗经验。方法对我院1996年10月至2005年3月进行外科治疗的56例心脏非黏液性肿瘤的临床资料进行回顾性分析,总结其临床表现、发生部位、肿瘤性质和外科治疗特点等。结果心脏非粘液性肿瘤占本院同期手术患者的0.14%,良性肿瘤28例,恶性肿瘤28例,其中继发性心脏肿瘤8例。良性肿瘤最常见的是生长在心室,共18例;恶性肿瘤最常见的生长部位是心房,共15例。外科治疗行急诊手术者12例。心包开窗引流术2例,探查术1例,术中肿瘤全部切除者26例,部分切除27例,术后住院期间死亡1例。结论心脏非黏液性肿瘤临床表现各异、病理类型多样、病变广泛,手术原则为尽可能切除肿瘤和保持心脏结构的完整性和功能。     

胎儿期完全型大动脉转位超声诊断的特征

目的探讨胎儿完全型大动脉转位(C-TGA)超声心动图的特征及诊断价值。方法分析6例经手术或尸解证实的C-TGA的新生儿超声心动图检查,并回顾分析其胎儿期漏诊误诊原因,总结胎儿C-TGA超声心动图的诊断体会。结果6例新生儿大动脉转位,其中胎儿期超声漏诊5例,误诊1例。其中产前仅诊断室间隔缺损或右室双出口,经出生后手术证实的C-TGA4例,尸解证实C-TGA 1例。结论C-TGA在胎儿期已有明确超声声像特征,加强医师对先天性心脏病知识的系统学习,降低漏诊误诊率是提高筛查质量的关键。     

Histomorphologic Characterization of Noncarious and Caries-Affected Dentin/Adhesive Interfaces

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the dentin/adhesive interfacial characteristics when bonding to noncarious as well as caries-affected dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seven extracted, unerupted, third molars were sectioned into halves. Artificial caries was created on one-half of each tooth, leaving the other half as a control. Dentin surfaces were treated with UNO adhesive according to the manufacturer's instructions for the wet-bonding technique and under environmental conditions present in the oral cavity. Dentin/adhesive interface sections of each half-tooth were stained with Goldner's trichrome, a classic bone stain, and examined using light microscopy. The width of exposed collagen was measured directly from photomicrographs, and adhesive penetration was analyzed qualitatively. RESULTS: The degree and extent to which the adhesive encapsulated the demineralized dentin matrix were reflected in the color difference in the stained sections with the noncarious dentin sections showing a degree of collagen encapsulation superior to that of the caries-affected dentin sections. The overall mean widths of exposed collagen were significantly (p < or = .05) greater at the caries-affected dentin/adhesive interface, 8.6 (1.7) microm, as compared with those at the noncarious dentin/adhesive interface, 6.0 (1.5) microm. CONCLUSIONS: The morphologic characteristics of the caries-affected dentin/interface suggest an increase in the exposed collagen zone and a decrease in the quality of the adhesive infiltration when compared with noncarious dentin. The evidence suggests that dentin substrate characteristics have a significant effect on the dentin/adhesive interface structure.     

急诊显微修复15例手部皮肤逆行撕脱伤

目的报道采用显微外科修复方法急诊处理手部皮肤逆行撕脱伤。方法2003年9月--2006年7月,我们应用显微外科吻合技术及其相关方法处理15例手部皮肤逆行撕脱伤。结果15例全部成活,术后3～28个月随访,外形与感觉等功能恢复较为满意。结论采用显微外科修复方法处理手部皮肤逆行撕脱伤,可最大限度的恢复手部功能和外形,是目前较为理想的治疗方法。     

Ligustrazine inhibits high voltage-gated Ca~(2+) and TTX-resistant Na~+ channels of primary sensory neuron and thermal nociception in the rat:a study on peripheral mechanism

Objective Ligustrazine, also named as tetramethylpyrazine, is a compound purified from Ligusticum chuanxiong hort and has ever been testified to be a calcium antagonist. The present investigation was to determine the antinoci-ceptive effect of ligustrazine and, if any, the peripheral ionic mechanism involved. Methods Paw withdrawal Latency ( PWL) to noxious heating was measured in vivo and whole-cell patch recording was performed on small dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Results Intraplantar injection of ligustrazine (0.5 mg in 25μl) significantly prolonged the withdrawal latency of ipsilateral hindpaw to noxious heating in the rat. Ligustrazine not only reversibly inhibited high-voltage gated calcium current of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neuron in dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 1.89 mmol/L, but also decreased tetrodotoxin (TTX) -resistant sodium current in relatively selective and dose-dependent manner with IC50 of 2.49 mmol/L. Conclusion The results suggested that ligustrazine could elevate the threshold of thermal nociception through inhibiting the high-voltage gated calcium current and TTX-resistant sodium current of DRG neuron in the rat.     

Study on relationship of acute left main coronary artery occlusion and ST segment elevation in lead aVR

Objective We sought to evaluate the relationship between the ST-segment elevation in lead aVR in the acute myocardial infarction and the acute left main coronary artery obstruction.     

经皮椎弓根技术治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床探讨

目的:探讨微创经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定手术治疗胸腰椎骨折的可行性及其疗效。方法:20例胸腰椎骨折病例,男13例,女7例;年龄28~65岁,平均48·2岁。其中16例损伤平面以下无神经功能损害、无双下肢和大小便障碍;4例有不同程度的脊髓损伤,按Frankel分级:C级1例,D级3例。在C形臂X线的定位下确定需要固定的椎弓根根部,做4个1·5cm长的切口,固定与复位均在4个小切口内完成。结果:所有病例均获随访,时间9~18个月,平均15个月。术后患者椎体高度均有不同程度恢复,椎体后凸畸形获得不同程度矫正。手术时间约1·5h,出血量约80ml。结论:微创经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定手术操作简便、安全可靠,具有创伤小、出血少、疼痛轻、恢复快、住院时间短等优点。