星点设计-效应面法优化炒茺蔚子炮制工艺

目的:利用星点设计-效应面法对炒茺蔚子的炮制工艺进行优化,为炒茺蔚子的规范化生产提供依据。方法:采用清炒法,以炮制温度、炮制时间、炒药机转速为自变量,总生物碱、盐酸水苏碱、水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物质量分数为评价指标,对自变量各水平进行多元回归拟合,利用效应面法筛选最佳炮制工艺并进行预测分析。采用UV测定总生物碱的含量,检测波长520 nm;采用高效液相色谱仪-蒸发光散射法测定盐酸水苏碱的含量,流动相乙腈-水(60∶40),流速0.5 m L·min~(-1),漂移管温度70℃。结果:三项式拟合复合相关系数较高。最佳炮制工艺为炮制温度219℃,炮制时间2 min,炒药机转速14 r·min~(-1)。总生物碱、盐酸水苏碱、水溶性浸出物、醇溶性浸出物质量分数的平均值分别为9.82,2.50,86.16,193.28 mg·g~(-1),综合评分与三项式拟合方程预测值偏差0.87%。结论:利用星点设计-效应面法优化炒茺蔚子炮制工艺的方法简便且预测性良好,适用于炒茺蔚子的规范化生产。     

春根藤化学成分的研究(Ⅱ)

目的 :探讨春根藤的化学成分。方法 :柱色谱分离 ,波谱及单晶X衍射分析鉴定结构。结果 :分离鉴定了8个化合物 ,为bauerenyl acetate(18) ,东莨菪素(19) ,liriodendrin(20) ,松脂醇 2-氧-β-D-葡萄糖苷(21) ,胡萝卜苷 (22) ,白瑞素 (23) ,七叶素(24)和七叶苷(25)。结论 :8个化合物均系首次从该植物中分得 ,化合物 20 ,21,23～25系首次从该属植物中分得 ,bauerenyl acetate为新的天然产物。     

当归、枳壳挥发油HPLC指纹图谱的研究

目的:研究不同批次当归、枳壳药材经CO2超临界混合萃取的挥发油的指纹图谱,为科学评价和有效控制其质量提供实验依据.方法:采用高效液相色谱,条件为伊利特ODS 2 C18(4.6 mm ×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,乙腈-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,柱温30℃,流速1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长325 nm.结果:建立了11个不同批次的当归、枳壳混合提取挥发油的指纹图谱,以蒿本内酯峰为参照峰,共标定了13个共有峰,利用化学对照品指认了其中2个色谱峰;该指纹图谱可鉴别当归、枳壳经水蒸汽蒸馏法得的挥发油.结论:方法准确可靠,可用于控制淫藤骨痹康方中的挥发油的质量.     

小鼠体内泻心汤中黄芩苷药代动力学

目的:研究泻心汤(大黄、黄连、黄芩)中黄酮类成分在小鼠体内药代动力学规律。方法:小鼠灌胃给予泻心汤4.5、9、18g/kg后,用HPLC方法分析血浆中黄酮类成分、测定血浆中黄芩苷浓度经时变化,浓度-时间数据用DAS药代动力学软件进行分析,计算药动学参数。结果:小鼠灌服泻心汤后血浆中检测到黄芩苷、汉黄芩苷和另一黄酮类成分,其中黄芩苷含量最高。泻心汤灌胃给予4.5、9、18g/kg后,黄芩苷主要药代学参数分别为:T1/2=2.77、5.69、6.20h,AUC0-∞=9.09、23.49、39.57μg·h/mL,CL=12.52、6.962、11.50L·h/kg,Vd=50.11、79.56、102.95L/kg,Cmax1=1.89、3.32、4.79μg/mL(Tp1=0.08h),Cmax2=1.46、2.57、4.16μg/mL(Tp2=3h)。结论:泻心汤中黄酮类成分可以吸收进入体内,其中以黄芩苷为主。     

Regulation of PPAR-γ activity in lipid-laden hepatocytes affects macrophage polarization and inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

BACKGROUNDLipid metabolism disorder and inflammatory-immune activation are vital triggers in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Various studies have shown that PPAR-γ exerts potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. However, little is known about the regulation of PPAR-γ activity in modulating cell crosstalk in NAFLD.AIMTo investigate whether the regulation of PPAR-γ activity in lipid-laden hepatocytes affects macrophage polarization and inflammation.METHODSPrimary hepatocytes were isolated from wild-type C57BL6/J mice or hepatocyte-specific PPAR-γ knockout mice and incubated with free fatty acids (FFAs). Macrophages were incubated with conditioned medium (CM) from lipid-laden hepatocytes with or without a PPAR-γ agonist. Wild-type C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet and administered rosiglitazone.RESULTSPrimary hepatocytes exhibited significant lipid deposition and increased ROS production after incubation with FFAs. CM from lipid-laden hepatocytes promoted macrophage polarization to the M1 type and activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. A PPAR-γ agonist ameliorated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipid-laden hepatocytes and subsequently prevented M1 macrophage polarization. Hepatocyte-specific PPAR-γ deficiency aggravated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in lipid-laden hepatocytes, which further promoted M1 macrophage polarization. Rosiglitazone administration improved oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation in HF diet-induced NAFLD mice in vivo.CONCLUSIONUpregulation of PPAR-γ activity in hepatocytes alleviated NAFLD by modulating the crosstalk between hepatocytes and macrophages via the reactive oxygen species-NLRP3-IL-1β pathway.     

均匀设计法优选祛斑凝胶剂基质处方

目的：优选祛斑凝胶剂基质处方。方法：采用U₆（6²×3）均匀设计法,以凝胶剂的流变学参数（在室温下的黏度和屈服值、在体表温度下的黏度和屈服值、触变性）为指标,优化凝胶剂成型处方。结果：祛斑凝胶剂基质最佳处方为卡波姆9 401.0 g,甘油5 mL,pH 5~6。结论：通过建立凝胶基质质量与凝胶流体学参数回归模型,能直接反应各因素影响作用,为凝胶基质处方的筛选能提供一定的参考依据,采用该方法制备的祛斑凝胶剂均匀细腻,黏度适中,触变性良好。     

芎芍胶囊对心肌梗死大鼠缺血心肌血管新生的影响

目的:观察芎芍胶囊对心肌梗死大鼠缺血心肌血管新生的影响.方法:采用开胸结扎冠状动脉左前降支的方法建立心肌梗死模型,清洁级(或SPF级)SD大鼠(雌雄各半)分为模型组、高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组,每组8只,分别用生理盐水、芎芍胶囊高、中、低剂量进行灌胃给药,连续给药6周后采集血,分离样本,并按规定保存,用免疫组化评分法...     

颜新教授“阳化内风”理论临床运用举隅

"阳化内风"乃清代著名医家叶桂所立病机,指身中阳气变动,化而为风,滋生百病。"阳化内风"一说其内容涵盖广泛,对临床治疗有积极的指导意义。颜新教授认为运用"阳化内风"理论,应辨析患者的体质,分析肝脏功能失常的原因,考虑"内风"产生的诱发因素及其不同的临床表现,在治疗中须顺应肝脏的生理特点,协调各脏腑的相互关系,只有理法详明,辨证准确,才能药到病除。     

腹腔镜治疗儿童先天性食管裂孔旁疝

目的 分析和研究腹腔镜下治疗儿童先天性食管裂孔旁疝的经验.方法 2005年至2010年诊治10例食管裂孔旁疝的患儿,其中5例为混合性食管裂孔疝.年龄8个月～10岁,平均年龄5.2岁,男6例,5例表现为贫血,2例反复呼吸道感染,3例反复呕吐伴营养不良,术前通过胃肠钡餐检查(GI)及胸部CT检查,均发现右侧胸腔占位及胃泡影,其中2例胸腔被腹腔内容物占据.采用改良Thal方法,腹腔镜下修补食管裂孔旁疝,切除疝囊,关闭裂孔,并作抗反流.结果 全部病例在腹腔镜下行改良Thal法治疗,手术时间90～150 min,术中发现疝孔大小3.0～5.5cm,大部分胃组织疝入后纵隔,其中3例患儿伴有结肠疝入,同时合并有4例胃扭转,患儿均有巨大的疝囊组织.术后行GI检查,无反流,胃泡位置正常,胃肠功能恢复好,术后3～5 d出院,随访6个月,贫血及术前症状均消失,生长发育良好.结论 先天性食管裂孔旁疝通常伴有其他并发症,需要早期诊断、早期治疗,如果缺损较大伴有食管贲门交界处疝入后纵隔,需要在修补裂孔的基础上做抗反流手术,腹腔镜下改良Thal是一种有效的治疗方法.

Abstract：

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze our experience of diagnosis and treatment of congenital paraesophageal hiatal hernia(PEHH). Methods Between 2005 and 2010, the records of 10 patients with PEHH were retrospectively reviewed. Five patients had a combination of sliding and paraesophageal hernia. The age ranged from 8 month to 10 year. Average age was 5. 2 year.Five case presented with anemia,2 cases with recurrent respiratory infection. 3 cases with vomiting and failure to thrive. Diagnosis was confirmed by upper gastro-intestinal constrast study and chest CT scans. All patients present with right paracardiac opacity and gas bubbles in the right lower thorax. In two cases, the opacity occupied the right thorax. We carried out modified Thal procedure to repair the paraesophageal hiatal hernia. Results Thal procedure was successfully completed in all patients. The.operation time ranged from 90 minutes to 150 minutes. The diameter of these hernia ranged from 3 to 5. 5 cm with most of stomach displaced into the thorax. Three pateints had transverse colon herniated into the thorax. In four patients, the gastric volvulus was encountered. Post-operatively, there was no evidence of gastro-esophageal reflux. Patients were discharged in 3 to 5 days. Symptoms subsided and the growth of the children was normal. Conclusions Early diagnosis and treatment for congenital paraesophageal hiatal hernia is recommended. Large defect is associated with displacement of gastro-esophageal junction into the thorax. Additional antireflux procedure to is recommended. The modified Thal procedure is an effective way of repairing PEHH.     

视网膜母细胞瘤保守治疗相关性临床因素分析

目的 分析及探讨视网膜母细胞瘤(Rb)保守治疗的相关临床因素.方法 对1996～2005年所收治采用保守治疗方法的34例(35只眼)Rb患儿的临床资料作回顾性分析.结果 保守治疗成功组初诊年龄、保守治疗时间以及瘤体直径分别为(16.33±16.28)月、(1055±554)d及(6.92±2.99)mm,失败组分别为(21.90±12.18)月、(878±76)d及(9.54±3.17)mm,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);保守治疗成功组瘤体厚度为(3.06±1.00)mm,失败组为(6.11±2.48)mm,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Rb肿瘤位于后极部保守治疗失败率为86%,周边部为44%,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 保守治疗效果与眼内肿瘤大小以及位置之间存在一定关系,肿物越小、位置越靠近周边部保守成功率越高;肿瘤较大、位置靠后是保守治疗失败的主要因素.