大剂量地塞米松冲击疗法联用肝素治疗“难治性”肾病综合征初步报告

大剂量地塞米松联用肝素治疗“难治性”肾病综合征18例,单纯地塞米松冲击19例。前者尿蛋白明显减少,血清白蛋白明显上升,总有效率94.4％,显效率83.3％;近期疗效明显优于地塞米松组,可作为治疗“难治性”肾病综合征可取方法之一。     

91例家族性胃癌的临床特点及预后分析

目的：探讨家族性胃癌的临床病理特征及预后,为制定合理的治疗方案提供临床依据。方法回顾性分析天津医科大学肿瘤医院胃部肿瘤科2003年3月至2007年10月收治的91例家族性胃癌患者的临床资料,选取同期293例散发性胃癌患者的临床资料进行对比分析。结果家族性胃癌患者肿瘤直径小于或等于5 cm者所占比例明显高于散发性胃癌患者[65．9％（60/91）比52．6％（154/293）,P＝0．025],低分化者所占比例高于散发性胃癌患者[68．1％（62/91）比55．6％（163/293）, P＝0．034]。家族性胃癌患者术后5年总体生存率明显低于散发性胃癌患者（25．6％比38．9％,P＝0．001）;进一步分层分析,T4期家族性胃癌与散发性胃癌患者5年生存率分别为14．5％和30．5％;N3期患者分别为10．4％和17．3％,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;两组间其他T分期和N分期5年生存率的差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。单因素分析显示,肿瘤大小、肿瘤部位、病理类型、手术方式、浸润深度和淋巴结转移与家族性胃癌患者预后有关;多因素分析显示,肿瘤大小（HR＝2．271）、病理类型（HR＝1．449）、浸润深度（HR＝1．748）及淋巴结转移（HR＝1．487）是影响家族性胃癌患者预后的独立危险因素。结论与散发性胃癌比较,家族性胃癌患者具有肿瘤分化差和预后不佳的特点。     

紫菀酮蛋白结合率的HPLC测定

建立了HPLC法测定紫菀酮在大鼠血浆、人血浆和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)中的总浓度及游离药物浓度,并分别计算蛋白结合率,以及紫菀酮与人血浆和BSA中白蛋白结合药物的表观最大能力(βp)和药物-蛋白复合物的解离常数(Kdp)。结果表明体外紫菀酮与三者的蛋白结合率均较高,在人血浆和BSA中的βp分别为0.314和0.516μmol/L,Kdp分别为1.78×10-2和8×10-4μmol/g。     

内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区气候性滴状角膜变性流行病学调查

目的调查气候性滴状角膜变性（CDK）在内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区的发病情况，并初步分析其相关因素。方法对内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区牧业四旗进行人群抽样调查，共调查2558人，其中游牧人群1210人，农耕人群1348人，并对可能相关因素进行问卷调查。结果调查人群中发病年龄最小为20岁，总患病率为21．6％，男性为21．7％，女性为21．6％，男女患病率和严重程度差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2．88，1．87，P=0．090，0．3929）；患病率随年龄增加而增高，40岁以上人群患病率为38．9％；20岁以上人群中1级病变311人，占15．3％，2级病变242人，占11．9％，未发现3级病变患者；牧业四旗之间患病率比较，差异有统计学意义（χ^2=38．12，P=0．00）；游牧人群患病率和严重程度明显高于农耕人群，二者比较差异有统计学意义（，=630．41，P=0．00）；调查发现：巴尔虎蒙古族患病率最高（52．8％），其次为布力亚特蒙古族（46．5％）、鄂温克族（40．8％），达斡尔族（1．6％）、汉族（1．3％）和科尔沁蒙古族（0．8％）最低，各民族患病率比较差异有统计学意义（χ^2=646．19，P=0．00）；通过相关因素分析发现CDK与年龄、放牧时间、民族及生活方式相关。结论CDK在内蒙古呼伦贝尔地区患病率较高，游牧人群高于农耕人群；不同民族患病率不同，其发生及严重程度与放牧时间、年龄、民族及生活方式有关。     

燃煤污染型砷中毒患者GST基因多态性与GST酶活力的关系

目的:探讨燃煤污染型砷中毒患者谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)基因多态性与GST酶活力的关系,为深入了解砷中毒的致病机制提供实验依据.方法:选择130例燃煤污染型砷中毒患者和140例健康人作为研究对象,采用多重等位基因特异聚合酶链反应(多重PCR)检测GSTM1、GSTT1基因缺失;采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法检测GSTP1 Ile105Val、GSTO1 Ala140Asp、GSTO2 Asn142Asp基因多态性;采用化学比色法检测谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)活力,并分析上述基因多态性与GST酶活力的关系.结果:GSTT1基因缺失基因璎、非缺失基因型以及GST02 Asn142Asp基因Asn/Asn、Asn/Asp、Asp/Asp基因型,在砷中毒组和对照组的分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);砷中毒患者GST酶活力增高,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);砷中毒组和对照组GSTO1 Ala140Asp基因不同基因型间的GST酶活力有差异(砷中毒组P>0.05,对照组P<0.05);未发现GSTM1、GSTT1、GSTP1 lle105Val、GSTO2 Asn142Asp多态性与GST酶活力有关.结论:GS-T01 Ala140Asp基因多态性可能影响燃煤污染型砷中毒患者的GST酶活力,其原因尚需进一步研究.     

丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠注射液对人肝星状细胞的影响

目的:研究丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠注射液(Sulfotanshinone Sodium Injection,STSI)抗肝纤维化的作用及其机制。方法:分别以MTT比色法检测STSI对人肝星状细胞(HSC)增殖的影响;观察对细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的影响;以流式细胞仪检测STSI对HSC凋亡率的影响。结果:STSI各剂量在24与48h对HSC的抑制率呈现出明显的量效关系;STSI对HSC的抑制作用不是非特异性细胞毒性所致;HSC的凋亡率随药物浓度增加而增加,并具有显著性差异。结论:STSI能抑制HSC的增值并促进其凋亡。     

早期糖尿病视网膜病变与全身因素关系的探讨

１２２例（２４４只眼）检眼镜下未查见视网解膜病变的Ⅱ型糖尿病患者，眼底光血管造影发现有病变者６６例（１３２只眼）。包括毛细血管荧光素渗漏，毛细血管扩张，微血管瘤，黄斑及视网膜水肿和毛细血管闭塞，采用多因素逐步回归法对早期糖尿病视网膜病变与全身因素的关系进行分析，结果表明：与空腹血糖、甘油三脂、病程和眼灌注压呈显著正相关，与眼压，发病年龄呈显著负相关。     

振动对小鼠体内磺胺嘧啶（SD）分布的影响

为了研究振动对生物体内物质的耗散作用，本文用药代动力学的方法在振动频率为２０Ｈｚ，加速度为１．１ｇ与５０Ｈｚ，４．４ｇ的条件下分别测试了小鼠体内血、肝与肾组织中磺胺啮咬（ＳＤ）在１至９小时内的分布，结果表明：２０Ｈｚ实验组血中ＳＤ浓度峰伍比对照组提前３小时，在振动１小时时，小鼠体内血、肝与肾组织中ＳＤ含量均比对照组高，但振动３小时至９小时内，其含量均比对照组低，从管道气栓体外模拟实验与本文的研究可得到启示：在上述频率与强度条件下，振动对生物体可能有促进血液循环的作用。     

Molecular and immunophenotypical characterization of progressive and regressive leukemia cell lines

The P815 and P198 cell lines are clonally related mouse mastocytoma cell lines. They differ in their biologic behavior in that P815 is a progressive tumor cell line, whereas P198 is a regressive one. These cell lines have been extensively used as models for the study of tumor-host relationships and tumor immunology. Although some of their biological properties have been well documented, the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression or regression have not been completely elucidated. In this study, we characterized the growth behavior and immunophenotype of these two cell lines, and analyzed their gene profiles using a complementary deoxynucleic acid (cDNA) microarray composed of 514 immunologically relevant genes. Our data showed that the two cell lines exhibited quite dissimilar and contrasting growth characteristics when inoculated into syngeneic mice. P815 tumors grew unremittingly, while P198 tumors gradually regressed. From a molecular viewpoint, P815 cells showed a higher expression of genes promoting tumor growth, such as IGF-1, IL-8R, FGFR1, VEGF-A, and VEGF-B. On the other hand, P198 tumor cells expressed CD11b and CD80, which favor the recruitment of lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), as well as the elicitation of antitumor immunity. P198 tumor cells also depicted a higher expression of genes inhibiting tumor growth, such as TNF-alpha, SOCS-1, CIS1, 4-1BB, and GDF-10. In conclusion, our results contribute further information in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with the regression and progression of P815 and P198 tumor cells.     

Maternal serum level of the DDT metabolite DDE in relation to fetal loss in previous pregnancies

Use of 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT) continues in about 25 countries. This use has been justified partly by the belief that it has no adverse consequences on human health. Evidence has been increasing, however, for adverse reproductive effects of DDT, but additional data are needed. Pregnant women who enrolled in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (United States, 1959-1965) were asked about their previous pregnancy history; blood samples were drawn and the serum frozen. In 1997-1999, the sera of 1717 of these women who had previous pregnancies were analyzed for 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (DDE), the major breakdown product of DDT. The odds of previous fetal loss was examined in relation to DDE level in logistic regression models. Compared with women whose DDE level was <15 microg/L, the adjusted odds ratios of fetal loss according to category of DDE were as follows: 15-29 microg/L, 1.1; 30-44 microg/L, 1.4; 45-59 microg/L, 1.6; and 60+ microg/L, 1.2. The adjusted odds ratio per 60 microg/L increase was 1.4 (95% confidence interval 1.1-1.6). The results were consistent with an adverse effect of DDE on fetal loss, but were inconclusive owing to the possibility that previous pregnancies ending in fetal loss decreased serum DDE levels less than did those carried to term.