160例恶性肿瘤患者疼痛负担及其影响因素研究

目的：探索中医药治疗恶性肿瘤患者的疼痛负担及其影响因素。方法：选取2019年9月至2021年12月中国中医科学院广安门医院等10家中医药三甲医院初次就诊的恶性肿瘤患者临床数据,运用简明疼痛调查量表(BPI)进行疼痛评估,采用多因素回归分析方法探讨疼痛负担的影响因素。结果：160例近期未进行抗肿瘤治疗的恶性肿瘤患者中,62.5%为男性患者,65岁以上的患者为55.6%,75.6%临床分期为Ⅳ期,80.6%患者正在使用阿片类药物;癌症患者在过去24 h疼痛平均程度为4分,疼痛最剧烈程度为6分;在疼痛对功能的干扰方面,总体干扰平均得分为4.94分,活动干扰及情感干扰得分分别为5.11分、4.69分;多因素分析中,正在服用阿片类药物的患者具有更高的疼痛最剧烈程度(β=0.239,95%CI为0.267～1.285,P=0.003)。结论：寻求中医药治疗的恶性肿瘤患者疼痛负担总体处于轻至中度水平,疼痛对患者总体功能、活动、情感干扰产生中度影响;正在服用阿片类药物的患者出现爆发痛时疼痛程度更高。     

基于斑马鱼模型探究多花黄精多糖的免疫调节作用

目的：探讨多花黄精多糖(Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua Polysaccharides, PCP)及PCP-1对氯霉素所致免疫损伤的保护作用。方法：采用水提醇沉法得到黄精粗多糖,除蛋白脱色素后,得到PCP。利用DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow层析柱和HW-55F凝胶柱先后对PCP进行洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压浓缩,冷冻干燥后得到纯化的PCP-1。以受精后2 d(2 dpf)的转基因斑马鱼为实验动物,采用不同浓度的氯霉素处理,通过比较斑马鱼尾部中性粒细胞的数目,确定氯霉素的最优造模剂量,建立斑马鱼免疫抑制模型。分别加入不同浓度的PCP和PCP-1孵育24 h后,拍照统计斑马鱼泄殖腔至尾部中性粒细胞数目,观察PCP和PCP-1的免疫调节作用。结果：PCP-1为均一多糖,分子量为3 350 Da。与溶剂对照组比较,氯霉素组的中性粒细胞数目显著减少(P<0.01);与氯霉素组比较,在实验剂量范围内,PCP和PCP-1均可以增加斑马鱼体内中性粒细胞的数目(P<0.01),且量效关系明显。结论：PCP和PCP-1均具有一定的增强免疫活性及改善免疫损伤的作...     

Britanin relieves ferroptosis-mediated myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion damage by upregulating GPX4 through activation of AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 signalling

ContextFerroptosis was described as an important contributor to the myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (MIR) injury, and britanin (Bri) was reported to exert antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities.ObjectiveOur study explores the effect and mechanism of Bri on MIR damage.Materials and methodsThe rat model of MIR was established by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were divided into three groups: sham group (n = 6), MIR group (n = 6) and MIR + Bri group (n = 6; 50 mg/kg). Rats were intragastrically pre-treated with Bri or normal saline once daily for 3 days. To further verify the role and mechanism of Bri, H9C2 cells were subjected to hypoxia plus reoxygenation (H/R) to induce the in vitro model of MIR.ResultsCompared with MIR rats, Bri significantly decreased infarct area (22.50% vs. 38.67%), myocardial apoptosis (23.00% vs. 41.5%), creatine phosphokinase (0.57 U/mL vs. 0.76 U/mL), and lactate dehydrogenase levels (3.18 U/mL vs. 5.17 U/mL), concomitant with alleviation of ferroptosis. Mechanistically, Bri treatment induced the activation of the adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK)/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in vivo. In addition, the AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 pathway participated in the regulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression, and silencing of Nrf2 attenuated the effect of Bri on H/R-induced cell injury.Discussion and conclusionsBri protected against ferroptosis-mediated MIR damage by upregulating GPX4 through activation of the AMPK/GSK3β/Nrf2 signalling, suggesting that Bri might become a novel therapeutic agent for MIR.     

桑椹醇提物的化学成分研究

目的研究桑椹Mori Fructus醇提物的化学成分。方法采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20和ODS柱色谱法及半制备型高效液相色谱进行分离纯化,通过其理化性质和波谱数据对化合物结构进行鉴定。结果从桑椹醇提物中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为桑脂素苷(1)、(7R,8S)-4,7,9,9′-tetrahydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-8-O-4′-neolignan-9′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(2)、2-苯乙基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)、1′-O-苯乙基-β-D-呋喃芹菜糖基-(1→2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、苯甲醇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、过氧麦角甾醇(6)、(24R)-6β-hydroxy-24-ethyl-cholest-4-en-3-one(7)、(22E)-5α,8α-epidioxy-24-methyl-cholesta-6,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol(8)、trans-(S)-(+)-脱落酸(9)、cis-(S)-(+)-脱落酸(10)、(S)-(+)-1-甲基-脱落-6-酸(11)、菜豆酸(12)。结论化合物1为未见文献报道的新化合物,化合物2、7~12为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

香茅醇自乳化递送系统的制备及其体外抗肿瘤活性评价

目的考察香茅醇(citronellol,CT)对人喉癌上皮细胞HEp-2和人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7增殖能力的影响,并制备CT自乳化递送系统(self-emulsified drug delivery system,SMs),对HEp-2体外抗肿瘤活性和细胞摄取能力进行评价。方法采用MTT法考察CT对HEp-2和MCF-7细胞增殖能力的影响;通过伪三元相图法优化香茅醇自乳化递送系统(CT-SMs)处方,进行外观形态、粒径和Zeta电位表征。采用MTT法检测CT-SMs对HEp-2细胞增殖能力的影响;荧光倒置显微镜定性和流式细胞仪定量考察HEp-2细胞对CT-SMs的摄取情况。结果经一定质量浓度CT处理后,MCF-7细胞增殖未受影响,差异无统计学意义(与对照组相比,P0.05),而HEp-2细胞的增殖能力受到明显抑制(与对照组相比,P0.05),呈剂量-时间依赖性;CT-SMs最佳处方是K_m(乳化剂与助乳化剂比例)为Kolliphor~?HS15-无水乙醇7∶3,CT-Km为3∶7。制备的微乳平均粒径为(354.0±9.5)nm,外观圆整呈类球形,分布均匀,Zeta电位为(-13.4±0.3)m V。细胞摄取实验结果表明,相同质量浓度的CT-SMs和CT处理HEp-2细胞后,CT-SMs较CT摄取量更多,分别为545.70±11.56、230.00±17.76。结论。采用滴加水法成功制备了CT-SMs,其处方工艺可行,制得的自微乳质量稳定可控。CT-SMs可明显抑制HEp-2细胞的增殖。     

中药饮片对多重抗生素耐药细菌的抑菌作用

目的 探究中药饮片对多重抗生素耐药细菌的抑菌作用.方法 使用稀释法对22种常见的中药饮片的水煎液对大肠杆菌的敏感菌种和多重抗生素耐药菌种的抑菌成效进行检测,标本纳入时间为2019年1月—2020年1月.结果 大部分中药对于耐药菌及敏感菌的抑菌效果并不存在较大差异,其中,决明子、连翘和甘草的抑菌差别较大,和敏感菌相比,耐...     

Smart Materials Prediction: Applying Machine Learning to Lithium Solid-State Electrolyte

Traditionally, the discovery of new materials has often depended on scholars’ computational and experimental experience. The traditional trial-and-error methods require many resources and computing time. Due to new materials’ properties becoming more complex, it is difficult to predict and identify new materials only by general knowledge and experience. Material prediction tools based on machine learning (ML) have been successfully applied to various materials fields; they are beneficial for modeling and accelerating the prediction process for materials that cannot be accurately predicted. However, the obstacles of disciplinary span led to many scholars in materials not having complete knowledge of data-driven materials science methods. This paper provides an overview of the general process of ML applied to materials prediction and uses solid-state electrolytes (SSE) as an example. Recent approaches and specific applications to ML in the materials field and the requirements for building ML models for predicting lithium SSE are reviewed. Finally, some current obstacles to applying ML in materials prediction and prospects are described with the expectation that more materials scholars will be aware of the application of ML in materials prediction.     

超声引导下射频消融联合乙醇消融与单纯射频消融治疗甲状腺良性囊实性结节的疗效对比

目的 探讨射频消融联合乙醇消融与单纯射频消融对良性囊实性甲状腺结节治疗效果的差异.方法 选取2015年1月-2018年7月就诊于郑州大学第一附属医院甲状腺外科,颈部彩超确认为甲状腺囊实性结节,且结节最大直径≥20 mm,穿刺病理结果为良性,拟行甲状腺射频消融手术的80例患者的病理资料,根据病情及患者意愿,分别行单纯射频...     

系统性硬化症相关间质性肺病的诊治现状和进展

【摘要】 系统性硬化症（SSc）是一种罕见的伴有内脏器官纤维化的慢性结缔组织病,其并发的间质性肺病（ILD）是SSc患者死亡的首要原因。SSc相关ILD发病隐匿,不及时治疗进展迅速,患者生存质量和生存率明显下降。本文综述SSc-ILD早期诊断方法和治疗时机,并对传统的免疫抑制剂和新近出现的靶向药物、造血干细胞移植、肺移植等治疗方法做出综述。