一步温育EIA法检测HBsAg

本文报道用尼龙网为载体的抗ＨＢｓＡｇ抗体膜作免疫吸附剂用于酶联免疫测定，对检测ＨＢｓＡｇ的免疫反应程序和反应如酶标／抗原溶液配比量和温育反时间等进行了研究。结果得到一步温充ＥＩＡ法的灵敏度与二步温育ＥＩＡ法相比没有下降，检测时间由原来的约３ｈ缩短至约５０ｍｉｎ。     

贵州白纹伊蚊对登革病毒易感性的研究

目的 用细胞、分子生物学技术进行贵州省白纹伊蚊不同地理株对登革病毒(DEN)易感性的研究。方法 采集贵州省9个地(州)市共计15个县(区)白纹伊蚊幼虫标本，饲养为成蚊；取羽化后3～5日龄期的贵州不同地理株白纹伊蚊，用不同型别的DEN分别经口连续感染3d，于首次感染后的4、7、10、14d收集感染成蚊标本；制备蚊悬液，碘化钠法提取RNA，用DENNS1基因区通用引物经逆转录．聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测DEN核酸；蚊悬液接种C6／36细胞进行病毒分离，制作细胞抗原片，经间接免疫荧光法检测DEN抗原；同时感染白纹伊蚊海南株作为对照。结果 DEN1-4型国际参考株感染白纹伊蚊贵州省不同地方株，其感染比率分别为12／15、12／15、8／15和13／15。结论 白纹伊蚊贵州省不同地方株对DEN1-4型国际参考株普遍易感，表明贵州省具备引起登革热流行的条件。     

新生鼠脑损伤后松果体细胞的一氧化氮合酶与细胞凋亡关系的初步研究

为了探讨新生鼠发生缺氧缺血性脑损伤时松果体细胞的诱生型一氧化氮合酶 ( i NOS)表达与松果体细胞凋亡及形态学改变的关系 ,用 7日龄新生 Wistar大鼠 ,结扎左侧颈总动脉 ,术后 2 h吸入 8%浓度氧 2 h,建立新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病模型( HIBD)。分别于建模后 0 h、2 4h、48h处死动物 ,剥取松果体 ,观察松果体细胞的 i NOS表达及细胞凋亡 ,电镜观察松果体形态学改变。结果表明 :( 1)新生鼠脑损伤后松果体的 i NOS在 0 h、2 4h含量与对照组相比明显升高 ;( 2 )脑损伤后松果体凋亡细胞早期明显增多 ,尤以 0 h、2 4h为主 ;( 3)电镜观察 :脑损伤后松果体的形态学也以 0 h、2 4h改变为明显 ,出现线粒体明显肿胀、粗面内质网极度扩张、细胞变性。提示 :( 1)新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤后 0 h、2 4h松果体细胞的 i NOS表达增加 ,以后逐渐下降 ,48h表达减少。 ( 2 ) TUNEL法原位检测细胞凋亡与 i NOS表达同步改变 ,i NOS表达对细胞凋亡有促进作用。 ( 3) i NOS表达和细胞凋亡参与了新生鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤后松果体细胞形态学改变     

Structure of avian orthoreovirus virion by electron cryomicroscopy and image reconstruction

Among members of the genus Orthoreovirus, family Reoviridae, a group of non-enveloped viruses with genomes comprising ten segments of double-stranded RNA, only the "non-fusogenic" mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs) have been studied to date by electron cryomicroscopy and three-dimensional image reconstruction. In addition to MRVs, this genus comprises other species that induce syncytium formation in cultured cells, a property shared with members of the related genus Aquareovirus. To augment studies of these "fusogenic" orthoreoviruses, we used electron cryomicroscopy and image reconstruction to analyze the virions of a fusogenic avian orthoreovirus (ARV). The structure of the ARV virion, determined from data at an effective resolution of 14.6 A, showed strong similarities to that of MRVs. Of particular note, the ARV virion has its pentameric lambda-class core turret protein in a closed conformation as in MRVs, not in a more open conformation as reported for aquareovirus. Similarly, the ARV virion contains 150 copies of its monomeric sigma-class core-nodule protein as in MRVs, not 120 copies as reported for aquareovirus. On the other hand, unlike that of MRVs, the ARV virion lacks "hub-and-spokes" complexes within the solvent channels at sites of local sixfold symmetry in the incomplete T=13l outer capsid. In MRVs, these complexes are formed by C-terminal sequences in the trimeric mu-class outer-capsid protein, sequences that are genetically missing from the homologous protein of ARVs. The channel structures and C-terminal sequences of the homologous outer-capsid protein are also genetically missing from aquareoviruses. Overall, the results place ARVs between MRVs and aquareoviruses with respect to the highlighted features.     

接种白血病细胞后小鼠胸腺哺育细胞和免疫器官组织学及组织化学的变化

按种P_(388)白血病患鼠腹水后第3d,小鼠胸腺哺育细胞内的淋巴细胞,酸性磷酸酶和β-葡萄糖苷酸酶阳性率显著增加,而α-醋酸萘酯酶阳性率则下降。胸腺内胸腺细胞上述3种酶细胞化学反应阳性率均显著增加,但胸腺组织结构未见异常。淋巴结和脾脏亦未见异常变化。接种后第9d,患鼠胸腺、淋巴结和脾脏均见白血病细胞浸润、出血和细胞变性等病变,正常结构被破坏,其中淋巴细胞3种酶细胞化学反应的阳性率均显著增加。此时很难从胸腺分离出胸腺哺育细胞。本文结果提示,胸腺和胸腺哺育细胞与这种白血病的发生有密切关系。     

大鼠小脑皮质NPY能神经元的形态与分布

目的　研究大鼠小脑皮质内NPY免疫阳性神经元的形态与分布。方法　SD大鼠 10只 ,雌雄不限 ,升主动脉灌注固定 ,开颅取小脑 ,SP免疫组织化学染色。结果　大鼠小脑内NPY免疫阳性神经元分布在皮质的Purkinje细胞层 ,胞体呈梨形或烧瓶状 ,细胞核清晰不染 ,轴突伸向颗粒层 ,树突呈网状伸向分子层 ,突起未见染色。分子层和颗粒层未见阳性细胞 ,但可见神经纤维的存在。结论　小脑Purkinje细胞层内存在NYP阳性神经元。     

核素显像对消化道出血的诊断价值

目的探讨放射性核素胃肠道出血显像及异位胃黏膜显像在消化道出血诊断中的应用价值．方法诊断为消化道出血的患者85例，其中小儿62例（男性34例，女性28例，年龄22天-14岁）。成人23例（男性11例，女性12例．年龄16～63岁）。小儿 儿患者均先行99^Tc^mO4^-异位胃黏膜显像，阴性者再行99^Tc^m-RBC胃肠道出血显像；成人患者直接行胃肠道出血显像．结果62例小儿患者异位胃黏膜显像阳性率72．58％（45／62）．阳性预测值100％；胃肠道出血显像定位诊断阳性率42．5％（17／40），准确定位诊断准确率为82.35％（14／17）。结论99^Tc^mO4^-异位胃黏膜显像对小儿异位胃黏膜症诊断具有很高诊断价值．99^Tc^m-RBC胃肠道出血显像也可作为消化道出血定位诊断的一种有效方法．     

"虚拟中国人"建模动脉灌注液浓度的选择

目的 :为“虚拟中国人”建模的动脉灌注液选择适宜浓度。方法 :以明胶、朱砂、淀粉为灌注液 ,分别配制为低浓度组 (按 2 0 %、10 %、10 %比例配制 )、中浓度组 (比例为 3 0 %、10 %、10 % )和高浓度组 (比例为 3 0 %、10 %、2 0 % ) ,通过对大白兔的动脉灌注 ,观察动脉显示的效果。结果 :低浓度组的动脉显示过密 ,腹腔脏器红染 ,影响清晰度 ;中浓度组动脉显示良好 ;高浓度组灌注不顺畅 ,动脉显示不全。结论 :按 3 0 %明胶、10 %朱砂和 10 %淀粉的比例 ,是“虚拟中国人”动脉灌注建模的适宜浓度。     

尖锐湿疣患者外周血Thl/Th2及Tc1/Tc2亚群的检测及意义

Objective To investigate the role of T-helper (Th) and cytotoxic T (Tc) lymphocyte polarization in the pathogenesis of condyloma acuminatum (CA) and its correlation with recurrence. Methods Three-colour immunofluorescent flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD3+ CD8-/IFN-γ+ (Th1),CD3+CD8-/IL-4+ (Th2), CD3+ CD8+/IFN-γ+ (Tel) and CD3+ CD8+/IL-4+ (Tc2) cells in the peripheral blood of CA patients and health controls. Results Compared to health controls, CA patients showed a decreased number of Thl (P < 0.01) and Tcl cells (P < 0.05), as well as a decreased Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 ratio (P <0.05). Furthermore, in 15 recurrent CA patients the ratio of Th1/Th2 was remarkably decreased (P < 0.01),while the ratio of Tc1/Tc2 had no significant change in comparison with health controls. Conclusion The decrease of Th1 and Tc1 subsets results in relative Th2 and Tc2 predominance, and this tendency is more significant in recurrent CA patients. The Th1 to Th2 and Te1 to Tc2 shifts in CA patients could be responsible for the fact that human papilloma virus (HPV) is hard to be eliminated.