阿司匹林间歇疗法在脑卒中二级预防中的临床价值

目的观察阿司匹林间歇疗法与常规疗法在脑卒中二级预防中临床价值的差异。方法收集250例脑卒中恢复期患者,按随机单盲开放对照原则分为间歇疗法组(间歇组)(每8周内停药1周)和常规疗法组(单规组)各125例,均给予阿司匹林100mg Qd治疗2年。结果(1)2组脑卒中再发率无明显差异;(2)2组患者的血小板聚集率和凝血功能无明显差异;(3)间歇组上消化道出血、腹痛、腹泻等不良反应发生率较常规组明显下降(P<0.01)。结论阿司匹林间歇疗法较常规疗法能有效减低了长期治疗导致的消化道不良反应,同时有效降低脑卒中的再发率,在脑卒中二级预防中具有重要的临床应用价值。     

用酶联免疫吸附术观察向附睾注射鱼肝油酸钠后抗精子抗体的变化

本研究用酶联免疫吸附术观察8只家兔在附睾注射鱼肝油酸钠后血清及精浆中的抗精子抗体。血清抗精子抗体阳性率为37.5～50.0%,最早检出率为术后2个月,6～7月达高峰。精浆抗精子抗体阳性率为25%,最早检出率为术后4个月,且此时己达高峰。与输精管结扎资料相比,发现血清抗精子抗体检出率偏低,而精浆相应抗体偏高,表明向附睾注射鱼肝油酸钠引起的免疫反应有别于结扎,以生殖道局部为主。     

浅议间接证据在行政执法中的运用

1案情介绍2006年6月27日,某市卫生监督所接市卫生局转来卫生厅举报案件,称我市某门诊部违规帮投诉人妻子做人工流产手术。投诉信称,因夫妻关系不和,投诉人妻子于2006年5月25日18:00到该门诊部要求打胎,当时胎儿已经6个月,经其妻个人签字同意后,门诊部开始对患者进行引产手术(患     

使用自制Ralph刀切光镜用的高质量半薄切片及染色

在1981年,我们设计了BD—8102组织切片刀制刀机。该机能制出宽为25mm及38mm的高质量玻璃刀(Ralph)。借助一个简单刀架把Ralph刀装配到普通切片机上,就可切出用塑料或石蜡包埋的组织大切片。用这种方法可得到光镜用的高质量半薄切片。并报告近几年来用该刀切片和染片技术的体会。     

广西壮、汉族体重指数与血压、血脂、脂肪肝等相关因素的关系

目的：探讨广西地区人群体重指数（BMI）与血压、血糖、血脂、脂肪肝、心电图异常、性别、民族及其他心脑血管病史等因素的相关性，并比较这些因素在壮族与汉族人群中的差异。方法：对在本院及田阳县、田东县参加体检的1105例壮族与汉族人群询问病史并检查身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖、血脂、肝脏B超、心电图等。结果：在按制其他因素后，汉族人群BMI与脂肪肝、舒张压水平及高血压病史呈密切正相关关系，男性BMI高于女性；壮族人群BMI与脂肪肝、血清甘油三酯浓度及收缩压水平有密切正相关关系，汉族人群的年龄、BMI、血清甘油三酯浓度、胆固醇浓度、收缩压水平、脂肪肝检出率及心电图异常检出率均较壮族人群高。结论：肥胖与脂肪肝、血压、血脂密切相关，且广西汉族人群肥胖、脂肪肝、高血脂、高血压及心电图异常较壮族人群更常见。     

The indication of surgical treatment of cerebellar hemorrhage]

61 patients with cerebellar hemorrhage were studied. The age at onset ranged from 15 to 84 years with a mean of 57.4 years. 49 cases were treated conservatively and 12 surgically and the mortality rates of the two groups were 32.5% and 25% respectively. Based on this study, it is suggested that the clinical and CT indications of surgical treatment of hematoma are as follows; Severe disturbance of consciousness; Bilateral eyeball fixation; Volume of hematoma over 10 ml; Size of hematoma over 4 cm in diameter; Marked acute obstructive hydrocephalus; Compression of cisterna ambieus and quadrigeminus.     

肺炎性假瘤(附52例报告)

目的：分析肺炎性假瘤的临床病理特点，并探讨其诊断问题，方法：回顾性分析52例肺炎性假瘤的临床病理资料。结果：男女发病比为2．25：1，平均年龄50．6岁，平均病程10．8个月，临床主要表现为咳嗽或咳痰，痰中带血或咯血，胸痛或背痛；影像检查见肿块位于肺周边部，单发，圆形或类圆形，病理检查肿块最大平均直径为3．9cm，见于各肺多于左肺，双上肺多于双下肺，44．2％同侧肺门淋巴结因反应性增生而肿大；经系统抗炎，抗结核治疗，肺肿块影均无改变，手术切除可治愈，结论：肺炎性假瘤有其特点，可与肺癌、肺结核、肺炎相区别；确诊仍需病理活检；CT或超声引导经皮活检值得推广，并应重视电视胸腔腔镜在诊治中的作用。     

Positron emission tomographic investigations of central muscarinic cholinergic receptors with three isomers of [76Br]BrQNP

We studied the potential of three radiobrominated isomers of BrQNP, (Z(-,-)-[⁷⁶Br]BrQNP,E(-,-)-[⁷⁶Br]BrQNP andE(-,+)-[⁷⁶Br]BrQNP), as suitable radioligands for imaging of central muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the human brain. These radioligands were stereospecifically prepared by electrophilic radiobromodestannylation of the respective tributylstannyl precursors using no-carrier-added [⁷⁶Br]BrNH₄ and peracetic acid. Preliminary pharmacological characterizations were determined by biodistribution, autoradiography, competition, displacement and metabolite studies in rats. The (-,-)-configuration presented important specific uptakes in brain muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR)-rich structures and in heart, low metabolization rates and an apparent M₂ selectivity. The (-,+)-configuration revealed more rapid clearance, lower uptake, a higher metabolization rate and an apparent M₁ selectivity. Reversibility of the binding was confirmed for the three radiotracers. Positron emission tomography in the living baboon brain revealed high and rapid uptake in the brain and accumulation in the mAChR-rich structures studied. At 30 min p.i., theE(-,-)-radiotracer reached a plateau in cortex, pons and thalamus with concentrations of 29%, 24% and 19% ID/l, respectively.Z(-,-)-[⁷⁶Br]BrQNP also accumulated in these structures, reaching a maximal uptake (27% ID/l) in the cortex 2 h p.i. At 5 min p.i. a plateau (17% ID/l) was only observed in the cortex for theE(-,+)-[⁷⁶Br]BrQNP; by contrast, the other structures showed slow washout. After 3 weeks, the (-,-)-radiotracers were studied in the same baboon pretreated with dexetimide (1 mg/kg), a well-known muscarinic antagonist. In all the mAChR structures, the highly reduced uptake observed after this preloading step indicates that these radiotracers specifically bind to muscarinic receptors.Z(-,-)-[⁷⁶Br]BrQNP, which is displaced in higher amounts from M₂ mAChR-enriched structures, reveals an M₂ affinity. The two isomers having the (-,-)-configuration are potential probes for investigating central muscarinic receptors. The absolute configuration on the acetate chiral centre influences their muscarinic subtype selectivity and thecis-trans isomerism of the vinyl moiety affects their specific fixation.