广东省梅县重点人群碘营养状况调查分析

Objective To estimate the present salt iodine content and iodine nutrition need of high risk population of iodine deficiency disorder in Meixian County. Methods Each primary school was selected from urban and rural areas(Xiyang Town, 20 kilometers away from Meixian County), the goiter rate of 8 to 10 year-old students was examined and urinary iodine and household salt iodine was sampled. Twenty to 40 year-old women of childbearing age nearby schools around the urban and villages around Xiyang Town were selected to collect their urine and salt samples. At urban hospitals and rural health centers, 0 to 2 year-old infant urine samples were collected, Thyroid gland was palpated and urinary iodine was determined by iodine in urine by As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry, salt iodine was determined by direct titration. Results The goiter rates of 8 to 10 year-old students were 1.5 % (3/200), 1.0% (1/100) for the urban area and 2.0% (2/100) for rural area. Median of urinary iodine in 8 to 10 year-old students, infants, women of childbearing age averaged at 237.1 μg/L and 280.1, 234.7,187.6 μg/L respectively, with each being 287.4,245.0,205.5 μg/L in urban area and 278.9,228.5,176.4 μg/L in rural area. Women of childbearing age had a higher percentage of urinary iodine < 50.0 μg/L than students,students had a higher percentage than infants, each being 7.5%(15/200), 4.5%(9/200), 4.0%(4/100). The ration of urinary iodine > 300.0 μg/L was more in infants than in students, that in students was more than that in women of childbearing age, each being 33.0% (33/100), 30.0% (60/200),22.5% (45/200). The median of salt iodine was 27.2 mg/kg. The coverage of iodized salt was 100.0%(400/400). Ninty-seven percent(194/200) and 96.0% (192/200) of qualified iodized salt were consumed in urban area and in rural area. Conclusions The amount of iodine added to salt meets the requirement in the 3 kinds population risk of iodine deficiency disorder. But a higher iodine status has been found out in students and infants. It is reasonable to decrease the present salt iodine content.     

重症急性胰腺炎预防性抗生素治疗的荟萃分析

目的通过对有关文献的荟萃分析,探讨预防性抗生素治疗在重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)中的作用.方法检索1966年到2004年8月期间发表的有关预防性抗生素治疗SAP的作用方面的随机对照临床试验(RCT).按照入选标准,有6项临床试验纳入本研究,由2名作者各自独立地对入选研究中有关试验设计、研究对象的特征、研究结果等内容进行摘录,并用RevMan4.2软件进行分析.结果在SAP患者中,使用能在胰腺组织中达到有效浓度的广谱抗生素并不能减少胰腺感染(RR ＝ 0.77,95%可信区间为0.48 ～ 1.24,P ＝ 0.28),也不能减少手术干预(RR ＝ 0.84,95%可信区间为0.40～1.74,P ＝ 0.64),更不能降低死亡率(RR ＝ 0.54,95%可信区间为0.28 ～ 1.04,P ＝ 0.07),只有胰外感染的发生率有一定的减少(RR ＝ 0.52,95%可信区间为0.31 ～ 0.88,P ＝ 0.01).结论不建议在SAP患者中不加选择地预防性使用抗生素,但对于CT证实的坏死性胰腺炎,可以考虑抗生素预防性治疗.     

扩髓交锁髓内钉治疗股骨、胫骨干骨折

目的探讨交锁髓内钉治疗股骨、胫骨干骨折的临床效果.方法应用交锁髓内钉治疗不同类型的股骨干骨折18例,胫骨干骨折15例.结果33例患者随访8～24个月,平均15.2个月,33例均骨性愈合.未出观畸性愈合、再骨折、断钉及膝、踝关节僵硬等并发症.结论交锁髓内钉治疗股骨、胫骨干骨折治愈率高,并发症少,效果满意.     

丹芎瘢痕涂膜的临床应用研究

目的:本文通过769例病人应用丹芎瘢痕涂膜防治瘢痕增生的治疗效果,为烧烫伤后瘢痕增生提供一种新的治疗手段.方法:我们根据中医、中药活血化淤原理,经多年临床实践研制而成的丹芎瘢痕涂膜,由丹参、川芎等复方组成.药物使用,将丹芎瘢痕涂膜直接均匀涂于瘢痕表面上,形成药膜,次日揭去药膜,重新涂药,每日1次,连续用药5个月.疤痕止痒软化膏对照,每日1次,连续用药5个月.结果:(1)创面愈合后瘢痕刚开始增生者,丹芎瘢痕涂膜治疗组共415例,显效77例,有效323例,总有效率96.39%;疤痕止痒软化膏同体对照组51例,显效0例,有效20例,总有效率39.22%,治疗组显著优于对照组.(2)创面愈合后瘢痕已增生者,丹芎瘢痕涂膜治疗组354例,显效88例,有效257例,总有效率97.46%;疤痕止痒软化膏对照组63例,显效4例,有效34例,总有效率60.32%,治疗组显著优于对照组.(3)丹芎瘢痕涂膜治疗组与疤痕止痒软化膏对照组综合疗效比较,丹芎瘢痕涂膜治疗组769例,显效165例,有效580例,总有效率96.88%;疤痕止痒软化膏对照组114例,显效4例,有效54例,总有效率50.88%,治疗组显著优于对照组.(4)60例丹芎瘢痕涂膜治疗组与同体空白对照组比较,治疗组显效25例,有效34例,总有效率98.33%;对照组显效0例,有效11例,总有效率18.33%;治疗组显著优于对照组.(5)未发现不良反应.结论:经769例病人临床应用丹芎瘢痕涂膜,并与已知疤痕止痒软化膏比较,丹芎瘢痕涂膜治疗效果显著优于疤痕止痒软化膏,丹芎瘢痕涂膜是一种安全、有效、新的创面瘢痕外用药.     

Rapid tolerance against focal cerebral ischemia induced by isoflurane anesthesia is attenuated by adenosine A1 receptor antagonist in rats

The brief anesthesia with isoflurane induces rapid tolerance against focal cerebral ischemia in rats and aden-osine A1 receptor antagonist, DPCPX, attenuates the beneficial effect of isoflurane preconditioning.     

Inhibition of Expression of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1α mRNA by Nitric Oxide in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Rats

Hypoxiaisadirectfactorcausinghypoxicpul monaryhypertension (HPH) .hypoxiainduciblefac tor 1α (HIF 1α)isfoundtobethemostcrucialfactorsofarwhichmediatesthecellularresponsetohypoxi a[1] .OurpreviousstudyrevealedthatoverexpressionofHIF 1andendothelin 1(ET 1…     

肛门病手术应用低浓度小剂量利多卡因局麻的效果

目的观察低浓度小剂量利多卡因在肛门病手术中的应用效果。方法选择接受肛门病手术者100例,手术时用0．25％盐酸利多卡因5-20ml,根据病情和手术需要作局部浸润麻醉。结果通过100例的肛门手术观察,结果显示麻醉满意顺利83例,麻醉良好17例,无1例麻醉无效失败。总有效率100％。此法麻醉效果确切,未发现严重不良反应。结论此法具有易于掌握,效果好而安全的优越性,适于临床应用和推广。     

激素抵抗性哮喘的研究进展

支气管哮喘的本质是气道慢性非特异性炎症,肾上腺糖皮质激素抗炎治疗已成为哮喘现代治疗的主要方法。但约5%-10%的患者对激素治疗不敏感而成为难治性哮喘,这种对激素治疗效果较差的哮喘被称为“激素抵抗性哮喘”（steroid-resistant asthma,SRA）。其发生机制不明,可能与糖皮质激素受体β、基因表达和热休克蛋白异常等有关,免疫和非免疫治疗可以改善哮喘症状。     

健康教育对精神分裂症患者康复的影响

目的探讨健康教育对精神分裂症患者的疗效及满意度的影响。方法将164例精神分裂症患者随机分成观察组与对照组各82例。观察组实施有目的、有计划的健康教育、阳性强化疗法和心理支持。对照组采用常规健康教育。结果两组BPRS评分及疾病知晓情况、健康教育满意度评分比较，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05，P〈0．01）。结论健康教育对精神分裂症患者的康复有促进作用。     

前列通瘀提取液对前列腺平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡的作用

目的:研究前列通瘀提取液对体外培养前列腺基质平滑肌细胞增殖与凋亡的作用。方法:分别以1、2、10、50、100×10-5g/L 5种不同浓度前列通瘀提取液作用体外培养前列腺基质平滑肌细胞,采用MTT和TUNEL法分别测定抗增殖指数和凋亡指数。结果:5种不同浓度前列通瘀提取液作用48 h后抗增殖指数分别为50.61%、53.52%、56.92%、65.53%、72.94%,抗增殖效果随着浓度增大而增大。100×10-5g/L前列通瘀提取液作用24、48、72 h后凋亡指数与对照组比较差异无显著性。结论:(1~100)×10-5g/L前列通瘀提取液体外作用前列腺基质平滑肌细胞具有显著的抗增殖作用。