鼻咽癌病因学的病例—对照研究

本文以病例—对照的方法探讨了在黑龙江省与鼻咽癌发生有关的危险因素。调查鼻咽癌病例及对照共127对。在单因素与条件Logistic回归分析中均表明幼儿期食咸鱼(OR=5.5, χ²=4.92, P<0.05)及长期生活在烧煤的环境中(OR=1.894, χ²=4.655, P<0.05)可能与鼻咽癌的发生有关。此外,条件Logistic回归分析还发现,鼻窦炎病史也可能与鼻咽癌的发生有联系(B=1.385, exp(B)=3,995, P<0.1)。在对病例及对照的一级亲属患恶性肿瘤情况的调查中发现,鼻咽癌病例组有肿瘤家族史者多于对照组,其差异有统计学意义(χ²=10.32, P<0.01)。     

近年中医药治疗中风后遗症进展

中医药对中风后遗症治疗方法主要包括：①辨证分型治疗；②主方加减治疗，具体包括补气活血方、滋补肝肾方和健脾益气方；③虫类药治疗；④单味药治疗。但是，今后应把中医药、针灸、推拿等方法综合应用于临床，以便取得更好的疗效。同时应加强临床科研设计和实验研究，使中医药治疗中风后遗症更上一个层次。     

临床医学创新教育的研究与实践

从 2 1世纪高等医学临床创新教育的目标出发 ,以创新教育理论为指导 ,根据未来医学人才素质要求进行了课程体系、操作程序、教学策略和评估体系方面的论述。在教学实践中 ,以目的为导向 ,注重课程为核心 ,探索新的教学方法 ,重视学生与教师互动因素和教学评估环节 ,并创造条件改善创新教学环境。     

经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗合并肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折

目的 探讨合并严重肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折进行经皮穿刺椎体成形术的技术特点和治疗效果。方法 7例(10个椎体)合并严重肺气肿并且透视椎体显示不清的胸椎骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折患，侧卧位在CT结合C型臂透视引导下进行经皮穿刺椎体成形术。术前、术后2d和随访时分别测定疼痛强度评分、止痛药使用和活动能力评分。随访2-8个月，平均5个月。结果 7例皆顺利完成手术，注射骨水泥的量平均2．2ml／椎体(1．0～4．0m1)，无临床并发症，手术时间2—3．5h／例。疼痛强度评分值术后2d比术前平均减低3．9，随访时进一步下降0．2—2．9，活动能力和止痛药使用术后均明显改善。结论 合并肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折患行经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗前应进行骨折椎体透视检查，显示不清选择侧卧位在CT结合C型臂透视引导下穿刺注射可获得良好疗效。     

A novel murine model of pharyngeal candidiasis with local symptoms characteristic of pharyngeal thrush produced by using an inhaled corticosteroid.

We established a novel murine model of pharyngeal candidiasis maintaining stable yeast population and local symptoms characteristic of pharyngeal thrush. The persistent Candida-infection was prolonged by inhalation of beclomethasone dipropionate corticosteroid. The severity of infection lesions was evaluated by determining viable cell number of Candia albicans and scores representing symptomatic curd-like white patch on pharyngeal tissue. The utility of this model was shown by the disappearance of lesions and fungal cells after treatment with fluconazole (FLCZ). The model would be useful for evaluating new chemotherapeutic or immunotherapeutic approaches against pharyngeal candidiasis, as well as in pathological studies.     

云南金铁锁的生物学特性及其保护的初步研究

对金铁锁的生物学特征、适应性及其机理进行探讨。结果表明：金铁锁具有旱生植物的结构和特征，耐旱、耐贫瘠能力较细。同时提出了相应的保护措施。为合理的开发、利用和保护金铁锁提供了依据。     

抗醛糖还原酶单克隆抗体的制备与特性鉴定

目的:制备抗醛糖还原酶(AR)的单克隆抗体(mAb),并与本室制备的抗醛糖还原酶相似蛋白(ARL-1)mAb进行比较。方法:经RT-PCR获得AR基因,将基因插入pGEX-4T-1(His)6C中,构建重组质粒pGEX-4T-1(His)6C-AR,以重组质粒转化E.coliRosetta诱导表达GST-AR蛋白。以纯化的GST-AR蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠,采用杂交瘤技术制备mAb。应用间接ELISA和Western blot方法对mAb进行筛选和鉴定。使用Clustalx和Antheprot软件,比较AR与ARL-1的同源性,表达GST-dAR[80~142氨基酸(aa)],与ARL-1差异较大;并分析AR的抗原性,表达GST-dA1(1~79aa)、GST-dA2(80~99aa)、GST-dA3(111~142aa)、GST-dA4(143~316aa)。利用AR全长及截短蛋白,采用Western blot分析制备的抗AR mAb识别AR抗原的部位。结果:获得3株稳定分泌抗AR mAb的杂交瘤细胞系ARB3、AR7B3G4和ARF10。3株抗GST-AR的mAb均为IgG1(κ型),腹水mAb效价为1∶4×105,细胞培养上清mAb效价为1∶1×104,3株mAb均可与胎盘组织中的AR蛋白起反应,而与GST-ARL-1和GST蛋白无交叉反应。它们分别为抗GST-dA1、GST-dA3和GST-dA4蛋白的mAb。结论:成功地制备了3株特异性抗AR mAb,可分别识别AR的1~79、111~142、143~316位氨基酸。将它们与抗ARL-1mAb联合应用,将有助于进一步研究AR与ARL-1蛋白的功能,并为深入探讨AR、ARL-1与相关疾病的关系及进行大规模的流行病学调查提供了有力的工具。     

Preparation and evaluation of lectin-conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for oral delivery of thymopentin.

The purpose of this study was to design and evaluate lectin-conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for oral delivery of thymopentin. Thymopentin loaded PLGA nanoparticles (TP5-NPs) were prepared by a double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique. Novel WGA-PLGA conjugates were synthesized by coupling the amino groups of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) to the carbodiimide-activated carboxylic groups of PLGA, and were incorporated into nanoparticles preparation to take mucoadhesive properties. Important characteristics such as particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, storage stability, as well as in vitro drug release behavior were investigated. The retention of biorecognitive activity of WGA after covalent coupling was confirmed by haemagglutination test. In vitro experiments with pig mucin (PM) demonstrated that the conjugation of WGA enhanced the interaction about 1.8-4.2 fold compared with that of the non-conjugated nanoparticles, and still exhibited sugar specificity. The pharmacodynamical studies on oral administration of WGA-TP5-NPs were performed in FACScan flow cytometry. The values of CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratios were significantly increased compared with that of TP5-NPs (p<0.01). The enhanced uptake was related to the increasing of WGA content on nanoparticles. These results confirmed that the conjugation of WGA onto PLGA nanoparticles effectively improved the intestinal absorption of TP5 due to specific bioadhesion on GI cell membrane.     

膝前框形钢丝内固定治疗髌骨骨折

目的　总结采用钢丝环扎 +膝前方框形张力带钢丝内固定法治疗髌骨骨折的经验和临床效果。方法　对 3 5例髌骨骨折应用此方法治疗 ,其中男性 2 4例 ,女性 11例 ,3 0例获得 3～ 2 4个月随访。结果　优 19例 ,良 10例 ,可1例 ,优良率 96 7%。术后未出现骨折再移位 ,无伤口感染。愈合时间 6～ 12周。结论　该方法符合生物力学原理 ,操作简便 ,适应证广 ,能早期关节活动 ,是治疗髌骨骨折的理想方法之一。