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41.
David P. Goldstein MD Gideon Y. Bachar MD Jane Lea MD Mark G. Shrime MD Rajan S. Patel MB Patrick J. Gullane MB Dale H. Brown MB Ralph W. Gilbert MD John Kim MD Jonathan Waldron MD Bayardo Perez–Ordonez MD Aileen M. Davis PhD Lu Cheng MMath Wei Xu PhD Jonathan C. Irish MD 《Head & neck》2013,35(5):632-641
42.
Background: Waldron, Whitworth, and Howard (2011) replicated the auditory and monitoring therapy reported in a single case by Franklin, Buerk, and Howard (2002) with four participants with phonological assembly difficulties. No participant responded in the same way as Franklin et al.’s client MB and, notably, all improvements seen were item-specific, in contrast to MB who had shown generalised improvements in naming, repetition, and reading aloud. Waldron et al. attributed this difference to the combination of underlying impairments in their participants, in particular additional lexical deficits; it remains unknown whether Franklin et al.’s results would be replicated in someone with a more pure phonological assembly difficulty. It is also unknown whether a more direct therapy approach, targeting a reduction in the production of phonological errors, rather than improving monitoring, might also be effective with this client group. Aims: The current study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the auditory and monitoring therapy reported by Franklin et al. (2002) with a production-focused therapy based on the articulatory kinematic treatment of apraxia of speech (AOS), in a single participant with phonological assembly difficulties. Methods & Procedures: Participant RE received three consecutive therapy phases: Franklin et al.’s auditory therapy, followed by a new production therapy involving a hierarchy of articulatory kinematic cues and the production of minimal contrast pairs, and finally Franklin et al.’s monitoring therapy. As RE's linguistic profile was similar to that of Franklin et al.’s client, it was predicted that he would make similar gains, i.e., generalised improvement in the production of treated and untreated words, following all three therapy types. Outcomes & Results: RE's naming of treated items improved significantly after both the production therapy and the monitoring therapy, but naming of untreated items did not improve and there were no naming improvements following the auditory therapy. Conclusions: Two possible reasons why RE did not respond as predicted are discussed. First, that RE may have had additional lexical retrieval difficulties, in which case therapy could have improved the link between semantics and lexical phonology; and second, that RE may have had additional mild AOS, in which case therapy may have resulted in improved motor planning abilities. Neither of these hypotheses could fully account for all of RE's results. Nonetheless, the production therapy was shown to be an effective alternative approach for clients with phonological assembly difficulties, when a direct focus on speech production is needed. 相似文献
43.
Samip N. Patel MD Marc A. Cohen MD Babak Givi MD Benjamin J. Dixon MD Ralph W. Gilbert MD Patrick J. Gullane MD Dale H. Brown MD Jonathan C. Irish MSc MD John R. de Almeida MSc MD Kevin M. Higgins MSc Danny Enepekides MSc Shao Hui Huang John Waldron MD Brian O'Sullivan MD Wei Xu PhD Susie Su MSc David P. Goldstein MSc MD 《Head & neck》2016,38(Z1):E658-E664
44.
Meredith L. Johnston MBBS Shao Hui Huang MSc John N. Waldron MD Eshetu G. Atenafu MSc Kelvin Chan MD MSc Bernard J. Cummings MBChB Ralph W. Gilbert MD David Goldstein MD Patrick J. Gullane MB Jonathan C. Irish MD MSc Bayardo Perez–Ordonez MD Ilan Weinreb MD Andrew Bayley MD John Cho MD PhD Laura A. Dawson MD Andrew Hope MD Jolie Ringash MD MSc Ian J. Witterick MD Brian O'Sullivan MD John Kim MD 《Head & neck》2016,38(Z1):E820-E826
45.
46.
We present the case of an elderly Irish male with Bouveret's syndrome--a very unusual cause of gallstone ileus, where a large gallstone occludes the gastric outlet or duodenum causing obstruction. Management of this condition is often controversial. We discuss the various medical, radiological and surgical therapies available for treatment of this rare entity. Bouveret's Syndrome--A Rare Presentation of Gallstone Ileus 相似文献
47.
Kimberly B. Werner Renee M. Cunningham-Williams Whitney Sewell Arpana Agrawal Vivia V. McCutcheon Mary Waldron Andrew C. Heath Kathleen K. Bucholz 《Women's health issues》2018,28(5):421-429
Background
Trauma exposure has been linked to risky sexual behavior (RSB), but few studies have examined the impact of distinct trauma types on RSB in one model or how the association with trauma and RSB may differ across race.Purpose
The objective of the current study was to examine the contribution of trauma exposure types to RSB—substance-related RSB and partner-related RSB identified through factor analysis—in young Black and White adult women.Methods
We investigated the associations of multiple trauma types and RSB factor scores in participants from a general population sample of young adult female twins (n = 2,948). We examined the independent relationship between specific traumas and RSB, adjusting for substance use, psychopathology, and familial covariates. All pertinent constructs were coded positive only if they occurred before sexual debut.Results
In Black women, sexual abuse was significantly associated with substance-related and partner-related RSB, but retained significance only for partner-related RSB in a fully adjusted model. For White women, sexual abuse and physical abuse were associated with both RSB factors in the base and fully adjusted models. Witnessing injury or death was only associated with RSBs in base models. For both groups, initiating alcohol (for Black women), alcohol, or cannabis (for White women) before sexual debut (i.e., early exposure) was associated with the greatest increased odds of RSB.Conclusions
Data highlight the contribution of prior sexual abuse to RSBs for both White and Black women, and of prior physical abuse to RSBs for White women. Findings have implications for intervention after physical and sexual abuse exposure to prevent RSB, and thus, potentially reduce sexually transmitted infection/human immunodeficiency virus infection and unintended pregnancy in young women. 相似文献48.
49.
Vincent Wu Christopher W. Noel David Forner Zhi‐Jian Zhang Kevin M. Higgins Danny J. Enepekides John M. Lee Ian J. Witterick John J. Kim John N. Waldron Jonathan C. Irish Qing‐Quan Hua Antoine Eskander 《Head & neck》2020,42(6):1202-1208
The practices of head and neck surgical oncologists must evolve to meet the unprecedented needs placed on our health care system by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Guidelines are emerging to help guide the provision of head and neck cancer care, though in practice, it can be challenging to operationalize such recommendations. Head and neck surgeons at Wuhan University faced significant challenges in providing care for their patients. Similar challenges were faced by the University of Toronto during the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic in 2003. Herein, we outline our combined experience and key practical considerations for maintaining an oncology service in the midst of a pandemic. 相似文献
50.
Evidence for motor neuropathy and reduced filling of the rectum in chronic intractable constipation. 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
Subtotal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis is now frequently offered to patients with slow transit constipation who have severe symptoms and no response to more conventional medical treatment. If this operation is to be successful, the underlying problem should be delay in the progress of contents through the colon but no mechanical or functional obstruction in the small bowel or rectum. We have used a recently described technique of prolonged ambulant manometry and electromyography to investigate anorectal function in these patients. Pressure data were collected using a 2 mm diameter intrarectal probe carrying microtransducers, and external anal sphincter activity was assessed by a pair of silver-silver chloride surface electrodes. Fourteen control subjects and eight patients with colonic inertia were studied. Sampling reflexes, indicative of rectal filling, occurred at mean (SEM) rates of 7.4 (2.0)/hour in controls but were significantly reduced in patients (2.4 (0.3)/hour (p less than 0.01]. Recurrent rectal motor complexes were seen to occur in both groups at intervals of 76 (1.8) minutes in controls and 64.9 (7.2) minutes in patients (p less than 0.1), and with amplitudes of 42.4 (2.1) mmHg and 9.2 (0.7) mmHg (p less than 0.001), respectively. External sphincter electromyographic spike activity did not differ between groups. Our results support the concept of reduced transit of faeces to the rectum from the colon over a 24 hour period in slow transit constipation and suggest that a motor neuropathy may also be present in the rectum. 相似文献