耳前小切口颧脂肪垫悬吊术在中面部提升中的应用

目的：探讨通过耳前小切口行颧脂肪垫悬吊术的安全性和促进中面部提升的美容效果。方法：本组就医者12例,面部皮肤弹性良好,均表现为眼角下垂、颊部组织下降、鼻唇沟过深。在内镜辅助下,应用PTFE线,经耳前小切口行颧脂肪垫悬吊术,提升中面部,改善鼻唇沟加深、颊部组织下降等衰老面容。结果：随访观察6～12个月,12例均获得较好的中面部提升效果。除1例发生皮下积血外,无严重并发症,就医者满意。结论：对于面部皮肤组织弹性良好者,耳前小切口颧脂肪垫悬吊术是一种安全、有效、切口隐蔽的中面部年轻化技巧。     

微小RNA在膀胱肿瘤组织的表达及其临床意义

目的研究微小RNA（MicroRNAs/miRNAs）microRNAs在人类膀胱肿瘤组织中的表达及其作用。方法取安徽医科大学附属省立医院2009年手术切除的45例膀胱肿瘤组织标本及其肿瘤旁正常组织标本。通过microRNAs微阵点杂交法检测肿瘤组织及其癌旁正常组织的手术标本中microRNAs的表达情况,分析癌组织及其癌旁正常膀胱组织进行定性判断（癌和非癌）。结果人类膀胱肿瘤组织与正常膀胱组织相比,miR-223、miR-26b、miR-221、miR-103-1、miR-185、miR-23b、miR-203、miR-17-5p、miR-23a和miR-205表达显著上调（P〈0.005）。结论 miRNAs与膀胱肿瘤的发生发展有密切的联系,有可能成为一个有效的肿瘤标志物以进行膀胱肿瘤的早期预测和诊断。     

桡骨远端不稳定骨折3种治疗方法疗效比较

目的探讨不同方法治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的临床疗效。方法对桡骨远端不稳定骨折92例（97侧）分别采用3种治疗方法：手法复位结合小夹板（或树脂夹板）或石膏外固定（A组）、克氏针有限内固定结合石膏外固定（B组）、锁定接骨板内固定或辅以石膏短期外固定（C组）。对3种方法的疗效进行比较。结果 92例均获随访,时间6～21个月。3种治疗方式的优良率为：A组88.6%,B组89.6%,C组85.7%。3组疗效比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 3种治疗方法均操作简单,复位满意,固定可靠,并可进行早期功能锻炼,均是治疗桡骨远端不稳定骨折的有效方法。     

带血管腓骨复合异体骨修复长骨肿瘤切除后骨缺损

目的 探讨带血管腓骨复合异体骨重建长骨恶性肿瘤切除后骨缺损的临床结果.方法 2006年4月至2009年10月对19例四肢长骨恶性骨肿瘤患者行保肢手术,男11例,女8例;年龄11～37岁,平均(18.5±7.6)岁.肱骨5例、股骨7例、胫骨7例.肿瘤切除后骨缺损长度(13.2±4.3)cm,采用带血管自体腓骨复合大段异体...     

不同浓度七氟醚预处理对大鼠海马神经元缺氧复氧时细胞凋亡的影响及线粒体ATP敏感型钾通道在其中的作用

目的 探讨不同浓度七氟醚预处理对大鼠海马神经元缺氧复氧时细胞凋亡的影响及线粒体ATP敏感型钾通道(mito-KATP通道)在其中的作用.方法 新生(出生＜24 h)SD大鼠,雌雄不拘,体重5～6 g,原代培养海马神经元,接种于培养孔或培养皿中,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为7组,每组48孔和12皿,正常对照组(C组):不予任何处理;缺氧复氧组(HR组):缺氧4 h复氧24 h;6%七氟醚预处理组(S1 组)、4%七氟醚预处理组(S2 组)、2%七氟醚预处理组(S3 组):分别经6%、4%、2%七氟醚预处理后行缺氧复氧;5-羟葵酸100 μmol/L预处理组(5-HD组):经mito-KATP通道阻断剂5-羟葵酸(终浓度100 μmol/L)预处理后进行缺氧复氧;5-羟葵酸100 μmol/L+6%七氟醚预处理组(5-HD+S组):同时行5-羟葵酸和6%七氟醚预处理后进行缺氧复氧.各组以上处理结束后,测定神经元活力、凋亡率、Bcl-2和Bax蛋白的表达水平.结果 与C组比较,其余6组海马神经元活力降低,细胞凋亡率升高,Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达上调(P＜0.01);与HR组比较,S1组～S3组海马神经元活力增强,细胞凋亡率降低,Bcl-2蛋白表达上调,Bax蛋白表达下调(P＜0.01),5-HD组和5-HD+S组上述指标比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与S1组比较,S2组、S3组和5-HD+S组海马神经元活力降低,细胞凋亡率升高,Bcl-2蛋白表达下调,Bax蛋白表达上调(P＜0.01);与S2组比较,S3组海马神经元活力降低,细胞凋亡率升高,Bcl-2蛋白表达下调,Bax蛋白表达上调(P＜0.01).结论 七氟醚预处理可抑制大鼠海马神经元缺氧复氧时细胞凋亡,从而减轻神经元损伤,且呈浓度依赖性,机制可能与开放神经元mito-KATP通道,上调Bcl-2蛋白表达,下调Bax蛋白表达有关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the effect of preconditioning with different concentrations of sevoflurane on hypoxia-reoxygenation(H/R)-induced apoptosis in rat hippocampal neurons and the role of mitochondrial KATP(mito-KATP)channels.Methods Primary cultured hippocampal neurons isolated from newborn SD rats(＜24h)of both sexes,weighing 5-6 g,were randomly divided into 7 groups with 48 wells and 12 dishes in each one:control group(C group),H/R group,preconditioning with 6%,4%and 2% sevoflurane groups(S1-3 groups),5-hydroxydecanoate(5-HD,mito-KATP channel blocker)100 μmol/L preconditioning group(5-HD group)and preconditioning with 5-HD 100 μmol/L+6% sevoflurane group(5-HD+S group).The neurons were exposed to 4 h hypoxia followed by 24 h reoxygenation. In S1-3 groups, preconditioning was performed with 6% , 4% and 2% sevoflurane respectively before H/R. In 5-HD group, preconditioning was performed with 5-HD (final concentration 100 μmol/L) before H/R. In 5-HD + S group, preconditioning was performed with 5-HD 100 μmol/L and 6% sevoflurane before H/R. The neuronal viability, apoptosis rate and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were determined after 24 h reoxygenation.Results The neuronal viability was significantly lower,while the apoptosis rate and expression of Bcl-2 and Bax were significantly higher in the other 6 groups than in group C(P＜0.01).The neuronal viability and expression of Bcl-2 were significantly higher,while the apoptosis rate and Bax expression were lower in S1-3 groups than in group H/R. There was no significant difference in the parameters mentioned above between 5-HD and 5-HD + S groups(P＞0.05).The neuronal viability and expression of Bcl-2 were significantly lower, while the apoptosis rate and Bax expression were higher in S2, S3 and 5-HD + S groups than in group S1, and in group S3 than in group S2(P＜0.0l) .Conclusion Sevoflurane preconditioning can inhibit H/R-induced apoptosis in rat hippocampal neurons and reduce the injury to neurons in a concentration-dependent manner, and the underlying mechanism may be related to activation of mito-KATP channels, up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression and down-regulation of Bax expression.     

他克莫司缓释胶囊与他克莫司胶囊的临床对照试验

目的 比较和评价首次肾移植受者使用他克莫司缓释胶囊和他克莫司胶囊治疗的安全性和有效性.方法 11家中心的241例肾移植受者随机分配为试验组(应用他克莫司缓释胶囊+吗替麦考酚酯+皮质激素)和对照组(应用他克莫司胶囊+吗替麦考酚酯+皮质激素),观察时间从移植当天至术后12周.试验组受试者每天上午一次性服用他克莫司缓释胶囊,对照组受试者每天早晚分2次服用他克莫司胶囊.两组试验药物的起始剂量均为0.1～0.15 mg·kg-1·d-1.分别在治疗前和治疗后第1、3、7、14、28、56和84 d各随访1次.对两组受者用药的有效性、安全性、依从性以及不良反应进行对比分析.结果 进入符合方案分析集者共223例,其中试验组111例,对照组112例.两组受者的平均年龄、性别、原发病的差异均无统计学意义,各有12例发生急性排斥反应.对照组和试验组分别有36例(32.1%)和37例(33.3%)发生与试验药物相关的不良反应.无受者连续3 d未按照方案服用药物.两组治疗后期较治疗前期的服药量均减少,且组内差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗早期两组血他克莫司浓度较接近,从28 d开始,试验组血药浓度低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义.结论 从药物安全性、药物治疗的有效性、相关不良反应以及受者依从性各方面分析显示,每天1次的他可莫司缓释胶囊均非劣效于每天2次的他克莫司胶囊,在临床应用中,用他克莫司缓释胶囊代替他克莫司胶囊是切实可行的.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of twice-daily tacrolimus (Tacrolimus BID; Prograf) vs once-daily prolonged release tacrolimus (Tacrolimus QD; Advagraf), combined with steroids and mycophenolate mofetil in preventing acute rejection in De Novo renal transplantation patients. Methods 241 patients from 11 centers were randomized into two groups with 3 months observation period post-transplantation. Advagraf was administered as a single oral dose in the morning (initially 0. 1-0. 15 mg/kg every day) and Prograf was administered in two equal oral doses 12h apart (initially 0. 1-0. 15 mg/kg). Study visits were scheduled for days 1, 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, 84post-transplantion. The efficacy, safety, compliance and adverse effects were compared between two groups. Results Totally 223 patients completed the study. The two groups were comparable in age,gender and primary disease. There were 12 episodes of acute rejection in each group. There was no graft loss or patient death in both groups. The incidence of drug related adverse events was 32. 1 %and 33. 3% respectively in the control and experimental groups. Dosage was decreased in both groups and there was significant difference in each group. The trough level was similar at the initiate period.Twenty-eight days post-transplantation the trough level in the Advagraf group was lower than in the Prograf group. Conclusion Advagraf has the same efficacy, safety and drug related adverse effects as Prograf. It is practical and feasible for Advagraf substitute for Prograf in clinical practice.     

腹部器官簇移植治疗终末期肝病合并胰岛素依赖的2型糖尿病五例

目的 总结了改良的腹部器官簇移植(MCT)治疗终末期肝病合并胰岛素依赖的2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者的经验.方法 回顾性分析了单中心连续实施的5例MCT的资料.5例全部为男性,原发病为乙型肝炎后肝硬化合并T2DM 3例,乙型肝炎后肝硬化合并T2DM 1例,原发性肝癌(HCC)合并T2DM 1例.受者切除患肝后,原位植入包括肝脏、胰腺、部分十二指肠的器官簇,器官簇来源于同一个供者.胆道和胰腺外引流采用供者十二指肠与受者上段空肠Roux-en-Y吻合或者侧侧吻合方式.术后采用巴利昔单抗诱导,他克莫司(Tac)+吗替麦考酚酯(MMF)+皮质激素联合应用预防排斥反应,之后过渡至单用Tac维持治疗.结果 5例手术均顺利,患者于术后早期(8～27 d)完全脱离胰岛素治疗,并且血糖水平维持正常.其中3例术前C肽水平严重降低,术后早期明显升高,并维持于正常水平.1例术后发生移植物抗宿主病,并死亡,其他4例顺利恢复,术后分别随访22、15、5和4个月,均存活,并已恢复正常生活,移植物功能正常,血糖水平正常.结论 腹部器官簇移植是治疗终末期肝病合并胰岛素依赖的2型糖尿病的有效手段.

Abstract：

Objective Modified upper abdominal cluster transplantation (MCT), which was inspired by the classical cluster transplant technique, has been proven more effective and feasible in the treatment of patients with end stage liver diseases associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (DM) than orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) alone. In this study, we summarized our experience with MCT in 5 consecutive patients suffering from end stage liver diseases associated with insulin-dependent type 2 DM in our single center.Methods Five patients with hepatitis B-related chronic liver cirrhosis and insulin dependent type 2 DM received MCT in our single center. The biliary and exocrine pancreatic drainage reconstructions were achieved by a Roux-en-Y duodenojejunostomy or a side-to-side duodenojejunostomy. A quadruple immunosuppressive regimen based on tacrolimus including Basiliximab induction, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and steroids was used in the early stage post-transplant, and then converted to tacrolimus monotherapy.Results All of the patients experienced an uneventful post-operative recovery. They were rendered independent from insulin therapy shortly after transplantation. The fasting glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels were within normal range. In addition, the fasting C-peptide value was increased from much lower than the normal range pre-transplant to within normal range post-transplant and maintained stable since then. However, the third patient suffered from graft verse host disease (GVHD) 20 days post-operatively and died from severe infection on the post-operative 47 days. The other 4 patients had returned to work and a normal lifestyle over 22, 15, 5 and 4 months of follow-up.Conclusion MCT is an effective method in treating patients suffering from end stage liver diseases combined with insulin-dependent type 2 DM. Whether a cluster graft would increase the risk of GVHD needs further investigation.     

肾盂鳞状细胞癌临床特点分析

目的 探讨肾盂鳞状细胞癌的诊治特点.方法 回顾性分析1991年10月至2009年5月收治8例肾盂鳞状细胞癌患者资料.临床表现血尿8例,腰痛7例,腹部包块1例.B超检查8例,IVU检查8例,CT检查4例.术前诊断为肿瘤3例,诊断为肾结石5例,结石术中发现肿瘤并经冰冻病理确诊2例.8例患者均经手术治疗,行根治性肾输尿管切除4例、单纯性肾切除3例、姑息性切除术1例.结果 8例病理诊断均为鳞状细胞癌.中分化6例,高分化和低分化各1例;pT1 1例,pT2 1例,pT3 3例,pT4 3例;淋巴结转移2例.获随访7例,失访1例.术后生存时间2～42个月,中位时间6个月,患者均死于肿瘤复发及转移.结论 肾盂鳞状细胞癌恶性程度高,常合并结石,术前诊断困难,确诊时多为中晚期,术后短期内易复发转移,预后极差.

Abstract：

Objective To review the diagnosis and treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis. Methods The clinical data from October 1991 to May 2009 of eight cases of squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. The symptoms of the patients were hematuria (eight cases), pain (seven cases) and abdominal mass (one case). All patients underwent B-ultrasound and IVU examination and four cases underwent CT scan. Three cases were diagnosed as having a tumor before surgery. Five cases were diagnosed as renal calculus, two of the five cases were diagnosed by intraoperative frozen section. Radical nephroureterectomy were performed in four cases, nephrectomy in three cases and palliative resection in one case. Results Histological classification revealed that six cases were moderately differentiated, one case was well differentiated and one case was poorly differentiated. Two cases had stage pT1/pT2 and six cases had stage pT3/pT4. 2 cases had regional lymph nodes metastasis. Seven cases were followed-up. All patients died of tumor recurrence or metastasis. The median tumor specific survive time was six months (range from two months to 42 months). Conclusions Squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis is often occurs concurrently with urolithiasis which could lead to difficulty in diagnose before operation. As the most of the patients were diagnosed with advanced stage disease, squamous cell carcinoma of renal pelvis tended to early recurrence and metastasis and the prognosis was very poor.     

脊髓型颈椎病一期后前路减压术后疗效不佳原因分析

目的 观察采用一期后前路联合手术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床效果,分析部分病例疗效不佳的原因.方法 回顾性研究采用一期后前路联合手术治疗的脊髓型颈椎病67例,得到随访的55例,男38例,女17例;年龄32-74岁,平均52.0岁.比较手术前、术后随访时JOA评分,评价临床治疗效果,从年龄、病程、肌肉萎缩、术前JOA评分及MR...     

IL11类似物c(CGRRAGGSC)与人前列腺癌PC-3细胞体外结合特性的研究

目的:探讨白细胞介素11(IL11)类似物环九肽c(CGRRAGGSC)与人前列腺癌PC-3细胞的体外结合特性。方法:采用荧光染料LSS670标记c(CGRRAGGSC)合成LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC),流式细胞仪测定其与PC-3细胞体外结合的荧光强度,计算其竞争抑制试验中的半数抑制量(IC50)和平衡抑制常数(K i),荧光显微镜观察LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC)在PC-3细胞的定位;用99mTc标记c(CGRRAGGSC)合成99mTc-DTPA-c(CGRRAGGSC)与PC-3细胞进行放射受体结合分析,Scatchard作图法计算标记物与PC-3细胞结合的平衡解离常数(Kd)和每个细胞上的最大结合位点数(Bm ax)。结果:LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC)与人前列腺癌PC-3细胞的结合具有可饱和性,浓度与时间呈依赖性。未标记c(CGRRAGGSC)与LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC)对PC-3受体具有竞争性抑制作用[IC50=(6.31±0.12)nmol/L,Ki=(2.11±0.14)nmol/L]。LSS670-c(CGRRAGGSC)荧光主要集中在PC-3细胞膜上,Kd值为(0.11±0.02)nmol/L,Bm ax为(230±34)fmol/mg pro。结论:c(CGRRAGGSC)符合特异性配体的标准。