住院皮肤病患者88例死亡原因回顾性分析

目的：探讨住院皮肤病患者的主要致死疾病和死亡原因。方法：回顾性分析华山医院皮肤科1992～2001年88例住院患者的死亡原因。结果：88例死亡患者中，药疹25例，大疱性疾病16例，皮肌炎17例，系统性红斑狼疮(SLF)9例，合计67例，占死亡总数的76．14％。主要死亡原因是继发感染47例，多器官功能衰竭10例，消化道出血9例。结论：药疹、大疱性疾病、皮肌炎和SLE是皮肤科的主要致死疾病，继发感染是重要死亡原因。     

An orthotopic metastatic prostate cancer model in SCID mice via grafting of a transplantable human prostate tumor line

Metastasis is the major cause of prostate cancer deaths and there is a need for clinically relevant in vivo models allowing elucidation of molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying metastatic behavior. Here we describe the development of a new in vivo model system for metastatic prostate cancer. Pieces of prostate cancer tissue from a patient were grafted in testosterone-supplemented male NOD-SCID mice at the subrenal capsule graft site permitting high tumor take rates. After five serial transplantations, the tumor tissues were grafted into mouse prostates. Resulting tumors and suspected metastatic lesions were subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Samples of metastatic tissue were regrafted in mouse anterior prostates and their growth and spread examined, leading to isolation from lymph nodes of a metastatic subline, PCa1-met. Orthotopic grafting of PCa1-met tissue in 47 hosts led in all cases to metastases to multiple organs (lymph nodes, lung, liver, kidney, spleen and, notably, bone). Histopathological analysis showed strong similarity between orthotopic grafts and their metastases. The latter were of human origin as indicated by immunostaining using antibodies against human mitochondria, androgen receptor, prostate-specific antigen and Ki-67. Spectral karyotyping showed few chromosomal alterations in the PCa1-met subline. This study indicates that transplantable subrenal capsule xenografts of human prostate cancer tissue in NOD-SCID mice can, as distinct from primary cancer tissue, be successfully grown in the orthotopic site. Orthotopic xenografts of the transplantable tumor lines and metastatic sublines can be used for studying various aspects of metastatic prostate cancer, including metastasis to bone.     

终末期肝病模型评分在原发性肝癌合并肝硬化脾功能亢进外科治疗中的作用

目的 探讨终末期肝病模型(MELD)评分评估肝储备功能在原发性肝癌合并肝硬化脾功能亢进中确定手术适应证的应用价值.方法 对2001年1月至2007年1月间行肝癌切除联合脾切除(联合术)治疗的40例原发性肝癌合并肝硬化脾功能亢进患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.通过MELD评分与Child-Pugh分级比较,结合临床资料及术后并发症分析,确定这一方法在评估肝储备功能中的作用.结果 同一Child-Pugh分级的患者MELD评分结果并不一致,在各级别间有交错现象.术后发生肝功能衰竭组(6例)的MELD评分均值为(24.6±6.6).未发生肝功能衰竭组(34例)的MELD评分均值为(16.3±8.5),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).根据MELD评分分为A组16例(MELD评分<10),B组17例(MELD评分10-20),C组7例(MELD评分>20).A组术后肝功能衰竭发生率为0,B组为11.8%(2/17),C组为57.1%(4/7),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).根据Child-Pugh分级分为Ⅰ级26例,Ⅱ级14例.Ⅰ级术后肝功能衰竭发生率为15.4%(4/26),Ⅱ级为14.3%(2/14),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 MELD评分能够较为客观地反映肝储备功能,对外科术式的选择、手术时机的确定有一定的参考作用.     

CⅡTA M1-RNA对MHCⅡ类分子表达的抑制作用

目的探讨MHCⅡ类分子转录激活因子（CⅡTA）的M1-RNA对细胞表面MHCⅡ类分子表达的抑制。方法M1-RNA是核糖核酸酶P的催化活性单位，设计并克隆针对CⅡTA第452、629位点的M1-RNA（分别为M1-452-GS、M1-629-GS）及其相应的CⅡTA靶基因，分别插入pUC19、pGEM-7zf（＋）载体，进行细胞外切割活性筛选。将细胞外切割作甩明显的M1-629-GS亚克隆入psNAV载体（psNAV-M1-629-GS，pA629）并稳定转染ECV304细胞株，流式细胞术检测经典的MHCⅡ（HLA-DR、-DP、-DQ）类抗原表达，RT-PCR检测CⅡTA的mRNA水平。结果pA629阳性ECV304细胞株与对照组比较，HLA-DR、-DP抗原表达分别降低了89．21％及92．31％；同时CⅡTA的mRNA含量降低（P〈0．05）。结论CⅡTA的M1-RNA（M1-629-GS）降低了自身mRNA含量，从而阻止其调控的MHCⅡ类分子的表达。     

登革病毒Ⅱ型E基因片段在大肠杆菌中的表达及免疫原性分析

目的分析登革病毒Ⅱ型（DEN2）重组包膜蛋白的免疫原性，为登革Ⅱ型亚单位疫苗的研制奠定基础。方法扩增DEN2E基因片段（254—395AA），与表达载体pET-30a连接，构建重组表达载体，在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）中表达重组蛋白。重组蛋白经高效液相色谱（HPLC）柱纯化后，进行阻断DEN2感染C6／36细胞试验，同时用重组蛋白免疫小鼠，采用中和实验法测定血清中和抗体效价。结果该基因片段在大肠杆菌中高效表达重组蛋白，重组蛋白可被抗DEN2多克隆抗体识别，纯化后的重组蛋白能有效地抑制DEN2感染C6／36细胞，经重组蛋白免疫的小鼠可产生中和抗体。结论表达的DEN2重组包膜蛋白具有良好的免疫原性，能诱导中和抗体的产生。     

体外不同比例再生肝细胞与结肠癌细胞的共培养

Objective To investigate the proliferation potential of colon cancer cells co-cultured with different proportions regenerating hepatocytes and role of the cell growth factors related to liver regeneration in vitro.Methods Active regenerating hepatocytes were obtained by collagenase perfusion in situ of rats models underwent 70% liver resection after 24 hours.Co-cultures with different proportions of hepatocytes to human colon cell line SW480 were performed respectively.The proportion of hepatocytes to human colon cell line SW480 Was 10:1 in group A,1:1 in group B.There was only human colon cell line SW480 in group C(control group).Proliferation capacity was assessed with the percentage by 3H-thy incorporation.Concentration of epidermal growth factor(EGF),insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)and hepatocyte growth factor(HGF)was analyzed by ELISA.Results There was no significant difference among the 3 groups in 3H-thy incorporation percentage,and concentration of EGF,IGF-land HGF after 24 hours' culture(P>0.05).3H-thy incorporation percentage(15.9±1.4,13.2±1.5),and concerntration of EGF [(722.9±55.4)ng/L,(498.2+41.5)ng/L]and IGF-1[(755.2±35.7)ng/L,(538.1±37.5)ng/L]in Group A and B were higher than that in group C after 72 hours(P<0.05).Especially the indexes above in group A were higher than that in group B(P<0.05).there was no significant difference in concerntration of HGF among the 3 groups after 72 hours(P>O.05).Conclusions These results imply that the regenerating hepatocytes contribute to the hyperproliferative state of co-culturing colon cancer cells.The mechanism maybe have relationship with EGF and IGF-1 high expression in colon cancer cells caused by growth signals coming from hepatocytes.     

"重返社区技能训练"对精神分裂症康复的作用

目的 :探讨重返社区技能训练对缓解社区精神分裂症患者的精神症状和改善其社会功能方面的作用。方法 :将 5 0例非急性期的社区精神分裂症患者随机分为技能训练组 (以下简称训练组 ;2 5例 )和对照组 (2 5例 ,其中脱落 2例 )。对技能训练组进行技能训练共 4周 ,然后随访 12周。采用阳性症状与阴性症状量表 (PANSS)、MorningSide康复状态量表 (MRSS)对患者进行评估。结果 :训练组患者的PANSS评分(3 9 96± 7 44 )、阴性量表总分 (11 92± 5 13 )、一般精神病理量表总分 (2 0 60± 2 95 )优于对照组 (分别为45 77± 8 95、 15 13± 4 79、 2 3 5 0± 5 3 7,P <0 0 5 ) ;训练组患者的MRSS总分 (3 1 60± 17 3 7)、依赖量表总分 (7 2 8± 5 41)、活动能力缺乏量表总分 (9 0 8± 5 5 2 )均优于对照组 (分别为 44 68± 13 61、 11 77± 5 17、15 0 0± 4 48) ;训练组的复发率 (4 % )低于对照组 (17% ) ,但差异无显著性。结论 :在药物治疗的基础上 ,重返社区技能训练能改善精神分裂症患者的症状及其社会功能     

超声生物显微镜在上睑下垂手术术式选择中的应用

目的 探讨一种比较精确的提上睑肌厚度的测量方法,从而对上睑下垂的手术治疗方法给与更为准确的指导.方法 随机选择先天性单侧或双侧上睑下垂患者,并将所有眼分为正常、轻度、中度、重度四组,通过超声生物显微镜对各种程度上睑下垂患者的提上睑肌厚度进行测量,再与传统的上睑下垂分级方法进行比较.结果 本组病例共42人,经测量四组平均值分别为0.478±0.037mm;0.383±0.038mm;0.381±0.042mm;0.339±0.035mm.统计学处理用单因素方差分析法,结果显示利用超声生物显微镜术前检查上睑提肌厚度各组间有明显差异(P相似文献   

十二指肠乳头部肝样腺癌一例

患者男,74岁.以无明显诱因出现黑便伴尿黄、眼黄1个月于2008年10月7日入院.胃镜诊断:十二指肠球部溃疡,降段癌?MRI示十二指肠乳头区占位性病变并肝内外胆管扩张.血癌胚抗原((CEA)1.91μg/L,血CA199 40.76U/ml,肝功能未见明显异常,术前查2次甲胎蛋白(AFP)分别为349及509μg/L.行胰十二指肠切除术.