真空灭菌器内室冷空气排除效果监测的研究

在监测灭菌器内室冷空气排除效果中,探索一种优于 B- D试验的检测方法.     

Cytotoxic lipid esters from Peucedanum ledebourielloides

Two cancer cell growth inhibitory esters, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-glucosyl glycerol (1) and 1,6-dihydroxy-hexane-bis-palmitoyl ester (2), together with arachidic acid-2-hydroxy-glycerol ester, daucosterol, and oleanolic acid, were isolated from the roots of Peucedanum ledebourielloides (Apiaceae family). The structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses. The esters 1 and 2 displayed significant activity against the SGC-7901, HT-29, and HL-60 cancer cell lines.     

Bone growth patterns in Chinese children and adolescents: a 6-year follow-up study provides evidence for sexual dimorphism and tracking

Summary We prospectively examined bone growth patterns in 894 children aged 6–17 years at the baseline visit, with a 6-year follow-up. Results show bone “tracking” over a six-year interval and sexual dimorphism of bone attained levels and timing of peak bone growth. Our findings underscore childhood and adolescence as critical periods for building bone and developing gender differences. Introduction Bone growth patterns were prospectively examined in 894 Chinese children (496 males), aged 6–17 yrs, from a population-based twin cohort. Whole-body bone area (BA), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by DEXA at baseline and a 6-yr follow-up. Methods Graphic smoothing plots and generalized estimating equations were used to model bone attained levels, growth, and “tracking”. Results Attained levels of BMC and BA increased curvilinearly with age. Male attained levels were higher than females after age ∼15 yr, but BMD was lower between 13–17 yrs (Tanner stage I to IV). In both genders, peak BMC and BMD growth lagged ∼2 yrs behind peak BA growth, which lagged 2 yrs behind peak height growth. Peak bone growth occurred 1–3 yrs later in males. Over the 6-yr follow-up, all bone measurements “tracked”, but “shifting” across ranks also occurred, and baseline tertile ranking influenced bone growth. Females with early menarche had higher attained levels than females with late menarche at age 12–13 yrs. Conclusion Our findings confirm and expand previous studies on peak bone growth conducted in Caucasian cohorts, particularly sexually dimorphic and maturational effects. The significant “tracking” of bone measurements in this 6-yr follow-up study underscores the importance that osteoporosis prevention should begin in childhood and adolescence. Fengxiu Ouyang and Binyan Wang contributed equally to this article. Source(s) of support: This study is supported in part by grant R01 HD049059, R01 HL0864619 and R01 AR045651 from the National Institute of Health and by the Food Allergy Project.     

9 Survivin反义寡核苷酸对人肝癌细胞的抑制作用

目的:探讨survivin反义寡核苷酸（ASODN）对人肝癌细胞HepG2的抑制作用。方法:采用免疫组织化学法检测肝细胞癌（HCC）组织中survivin的表达。采用脂质体介导survivin ASODN体外转染人肝癌细胞株HepG2，Western blot检测细胞survivin蛋白的表达，FCM检测细胞的凋亡率，观察细胞在软琼脂中的集落形成能力。建立人肝癌裸鼠皮下移植瘤模型，观察survivin ASODN的体内抑癌作用。 结果:（1）肝癌组织中survivin表达阳性率为75.8％(25/33)，明显高于癌旁组织和正常肝组织(P<0.01);（2）survivin ASODN体外转染可明显下调HepG2细胞survivin蛋白表达，ASODN组HepG2细胞凋亡率明显高于空白对照组和SODN组(P<0.01)，ASODN组HepG2细胞在软琼脂中形成的集落数目明显少于空白对照组和SODN组(P<0.01);（3）ASODN组瘤体生长速度较空白对照组和SODN组明显减慢(P<0.01)，ASODN组瘤体重量较空白对照组和SODN组明显减轻(P<0.05)。结论:Survivin在HCC组织中高表达;survivin ASODN可以诱导HepG2细胞凋亡，在体外实验和动物实验中对HepG2细胞生长都有抑制作用。     

7 小儿胆石症的诊断与治疗

目的探讨小儿胆石症的病因、诊断及治疗方法。方法分析22例小儿胆石症的临床资料,20例行手术治疗,2例行非手术治疗。14例行胆囊切除术(其中8例行腹腔镜胆囊切除术),3例行胆总管切开取石、T管引流术,2例行胆囊切除、胆总管探查、T管引流术,1例行胆总管囊肿切除、肝总管空肠Roux-en-Y吻合术。结果18例经手术治疗后症状消失,术后1例出现胆瘘,经引流后痊愈,1例右肝管内结石残留。18例(81.8%)得到随访,4例失访。随访5个月至7年,患儿生长发育正常,3例偶有腹痛、腹胀,1例行二次胆总管切开取石术,术后恢复顺利。行非手术治疗的2例病人经保守治疗后近期症状缓解,其中1例症状反复发作。结论对有腹痛者首选B超检查,对有胆总管扩张或黄疸的患儿结合CT检查可提高正确诊断率;症状明显的胆石症应早期手术治疗;腹腔镜可作为胆囊切除的首选治疗方法。     

面颊部扩张皮瓣的设计和转移

目的探讨利用扩张皮瓣修复面颊不同部位皮肤缺损的扩张皮瓣设计。方法269例面颊部血管瘤、瘢痕、色素痣患者,依不同的皮肤缺损位置,在邻近部位放置大小适度的1~3个50~400ml容积的扩张器,扩张充分后采用推进皮瓣法、旋转推进皮瓣法和易位皮瓣法修复。结果269例中共形成305个扩张皮瓣,利用推进皮瓣121个,旋转推进皮瓣145个,易位皮瓣39个;共出现并发症52例,分别为扩张皮瓣远端血运障碍、血肿形成、感染、注水壶渗漏、扩张器外露、睑外翻和包囊挛缩,这些并发症基本未影响最终的手术效果,术后面颊部形态正常。结论我们提出的扩张皮瓣的设计和转移原则,对于面颊部的皮肤缺损组织扩张术治疗有非常重要的参考价值。     

甲状腺癌淋巴结微转移的研究

目的:探讨MUC1检测在甲状腺癌淋巴结微转移的可靠性和敏感性。方法:对488例甲状腺疾病手术患者于术前24h用1%美兰1.0~2.0mL注射于甲状腺结节或周围腺体，术中显示蓝染淋巴结，采用RT-PCR法测定临床蓝染淋巴结中的MUC1。 结果:蓝染淋巴结显示率甲状腺癌为93%，良性病例为0。研究组80个蓝染淋巴结中发现有MUC1mＲＮＡ表达的为95%,与病理诊断率(86%)相比有提高（P<0.05）;良性病变（阴性对照组）淋巴结均不存在MUC1mRNA的表达;阳性对照组的癌转移性淋巴结均存在MUC1mRNA的表达。结论:MUC1较病理检查敏感，PCR产物点杂交进一步证实MUC1作为PCR标志物有较好的可靠性。     

力学刺激促进骨髓基质干细胞体外软骨分化

目的探讨离心力刺激对猪骨髓基质干细胞(BMSCs)体外成软骨分化的作用,以及对三维支架上构建组织工程化软骨的影响,明确力学刺激与细胞分化及组织形成的关系,为体外软骨构建提供适当参数。方法抽取8周龄猪髂嵴骨髓,应用贴壁法分选单个核细胞,体外培养扩增后获得第2代BMSCs,以5.0×107/cm3的细胞密度接种到聚羟基乙酸(PGA)制成的圆柱形三维支架上,7d后分成4组,在不同的力学条件及诱导条件下培养。8周后取材,行相关检测。结果力学诱导组形成的组织呈白色,细腻光泽,形状规则,体积无明显改变,有良好的弹性和硬度,并具有典型的软骨陷窝结构和大量软骨特异性细胞外基质,Ⅱ型胶原及丰富的聚合蛋白多糖(GAG)成分。GAG含量为(6.0±1.2)mg/g,抗压强度为(2.2±0.8)kPa,弹性模量为(7.4±1.6)kPa。各项指标均明显优于其他各组。结论力学刺激有利于促进BMSCs成软骨分化,并在三维支架材料上构建组织工程化软骨。     

腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉在全产程中的镇痛效果及对母婴的影响

①目的　探讨腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉在全产程中的镇痛效果以及对母婴的影响。②方法　选择ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级、无禁忌证的单胎头位临产初产妇 30 0例 ,随机分为腰硬组 (腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉 )、硬外组 (硬膜外麻醉 )和对照组 (未用任何麻醉方法 )各 10 0例。行L2～ 3 椎间隙一点穿刺并一次成功。分别观察镇痛效果、起效时间、用药量、副作用、产程、分娩方式及母婴情况。③结果　腰硬组镇痛效果、起效时间以及用药量明显优于硬外组(uc=5 .34,t=16 .92～ 2 9.6 9,P <0 .0 1) ;与对照组比较 ,宫颈扩张加速 ,第一产程明显缩短 ,而第二产程延长 (t =3.34～ 4 8.4 9,P <0 .0 1) ,剖宫产率明显下降 ,而阴道助产率增高 ,胎儿宫内窘迫的发生率下降 (χ2 =6 .82～ 2 0 .35 ,P <0 .0 1)。④结论　腰麻硬膜外联合麻醉用于分娩镇痛优于硬膜外麻醉 ,是一种安全有效、更适合全产程镇痛的麻醉方法。     

高氧液对心肺脑复苏的作用

目的探讨高氧液静脉给药对肺心病患者心肺脑复苏成功率及预后的作用;方法采用高氧液静脉给药对26例心跳呼吸停止进行心肺脑复苏治疗的患者(观察组),与既往无高氧液静脉给药的35例心跳呼吸停止进行心肺脑复苏治疗的患者(对照组)进行复苏成功率及预后比较;结果观察组Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级复苏成功后生存11例,正常生活自理5例;对照组Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级复苏成功后生存4例,正常生活自理2例。两组Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级复苏成功率比较,观察组成功率较对照组高(P<0.01)。结论高氧液能提高心跳呼吸停止患者的心肺脑复苏成功率,可提高Ⅲ、Ⅳ级复苏的生存率。