高效液相色谱法测定复方万年青胶囊中大黄素

目的建立复方万年青胶囊中大黄素的含量测定方法。方法采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法,以Diamonsil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm×5μm)为分析柱,甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液(80∶20)为流动相,流速为1.0 ml/min,柱温为35℃,检测波长254 nm。结果大黄素在0.039~0.355μg范围内呈良好线性关系,r=1.0000。平均回收率为99.3%,RSD=0.4%(n=5)。结论HPLC法是一种简便、准确、可靠的分析方法。     

癌痛从痰论治探讨

癌痛是晚期癌症患者的主要症状之一,属于中医痛证范畴。痰是产生癌痛的重要中医病机,消痰法是治疗癌痛的重要方法。     

婴儿外部性脑积水的多排螺旋CT表现及临床分析

目的探讨婴儿外部性脑积水(external hydrocephalus,EH)的多排螺旋CT特征及诊断价值.方法对35例外部性脑积水患儿的病因、临床特征、CT表现进行分析.结果双侧额顶区蛛网膜下腔对称性局限性增宽,是EH出现最早也是最具有特征的CT征象.结论 CT检查对婴儿外部性脑积水的临床诊断、病因分析及治疗具有重要的价值.     

大脑中动脉动脉瘤的血管内治疗

目的探讨血管内治疗大脑中动脉动脉瘤的可行性、安全性和有效性。方法回顾性分析采用血管内治疗的24例大脑中动脉动脉瘤患者的临床资料,包括患者年龄、临床分级、动脉瘤出血量、部位、形态、瘤颈宽度、血管痉挛程度及术中应用技术等。结果100%栓塞17例,95%栓塞4例,90%栓塞3例。1例患者术中血管痉挛加重致不完全失语。随访无动脉瘤再破裂出血病例,1例患者出现迟发性血管痉挛。结论血管内治疗大脑中动脉动脉瘤是一种安全、有效的方法。     

内科微创肺减容术的研究进展

传统的外科肺减容术治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）有严格的适应证，并且副作用大、并发症多。于是人们研究出多种基于同样原理但是采用内科微创技术的减容方法。目前常用的内科微创肺减容术有使用单向活瓣、生物蛋白胶等封堵支气管使靶肺萎陷、不张，或采用支气管内药物灌注肺泡加封堵使靶肺组织纤维化等。此外，还有人提出人工旁路增加呼出气量的方法。尽管目前还缺少大规模的随机对照临床试验结果，但是内科微创肺减容术已展现了其巨大的临床应用前景，也将为治疗COPD提供更多的选择。     

成纤维细胞生长因子23在血液透析患者磷和维生素D代谢中的作用

目的 探讨成纤维细胞生长因子23（FGF-23）在维持性血液透析（MHD）患者磷和维生素D代谢中的作用及相关调控机制。 方法 采用酶联免疫分析法（ELISA）对59例MHD患者（血透组）及20例健康志愿者（对照组）进行血清全段FGF-23测定，同时应用放免法测定血清1，25-二羟维生素D（1,25(OH)2VitD）水平。血透组患者测定血清白蛋白（Alb）、血红蛋白（Hb）、血肌酐（Scr）、尿素氮（BUN）、钙（Ca）、磷（P）及全段甲状旁腺激素（iPTH）等指标。 结果 血透组血清FGF-23水平明显高于对照组[（215.23±123.55）比（28.72±11.49） ng/L，P < 0.01]，而血清1,25(OH)2VitD水平明显低于对照组[（13.25±8.73）比（42.24±12.45） μg/L，P < 0.01]。Pearson相关分析显示，血透组血清FGF-23水平与血清P、Scr、Ca、iPTH及透析疗程时间呈正相关（P < 0.05）；与血清1,25(OH)2VitD水平和年龄呈负相关（P < 0.05）；而与性别、血压、血清Alb、Hb、BUN等指标无相关。多元回归分析显示，血清P、Ca、Scr、iPTH和1,25(OH)2VitD是影响血清FGF-23的主要变量，5者组成的模型解释了总变异的约62%（R2=0.623，P < 0.01）。 结论 MHD患者血清全段FGF-23水平明显增高，而1,25(OH)2VitD水平明显降低。FGF-23的调控是由复杂的多种因素共同作用的结果，血清P、Ca、Scr、iPTH和1,25(OH)2VitD是影响血清FGF-23水平的主要调控因子。     

脂肪干细胞/Ⅰ型胶原凝胶复合体的构建及其体内外成骨分化研究

目的探讨利用脂肪干细胞与Ⅰ型胶原凝胶复合构建新型骨组织工程复合体的可行性并对其体内外成骨分化情况进行分析。方法取3月龄日本大耳白兔肩胛部皮下脂肪，Ⅰ型胶原酶消化获得细胞，于体外依次进行骨、软骨、脂肪多向诱导分化鉴定；取第3代细胞与Ⅰ型胶原凝胶复合，于成骨诱导条件下体外培养，相差显微镜、扫描电镜观察复合情况并对其碱性磷酸酶、细胞外基质矿化程度进行检测，同时设立单层贴壁培养细胞作为对照（n=4）；两周后移植于裸鼠皮下，12周后处死动物，依次行放射学、组织学检测观察成骨情况（n=3）。结果（1）所获细胞具备骨、软骨、脂肪多向分化潜能，为多能干细胞。（2）形态学观察显示脂肪干细胞呈三维立体生长状态，均匀、高密度悬浮于Ⅰ型胶原凝胶中。在体外成骨诱导条件下，其碱性磷酸酶活性以及外基质矿化程度均显著高于单层贴壁培养细胞（P〈0．01，n=4）。（3）于裸鼠皮下移植12周后，放射学、组织学检测显示脂肪干细胞．Ⅰ型胶原凝胶复合体成骨明显（n=3）。结论（1）IⅠ型胶原凝胶可显著促进脂肪干细胞的成骨分化。（2）作为一种新型的骨组织工程复合物，脂肪干细胞-Ⅰ型胶原凝胶复合体可应用于骨组织工程，特别是腔隙性骨缺损的修复过程。     

带桡神经浅支营养血管蒂的桡骨茎突骨(膜)复合瓣转位术

目的介绍一种修复掌、指骨缺损合并皮肤软组织缺损的新型手术方法。方法自2002年以来应用桡神经浅内侧支营养血管的骨(膜)皮瓣修复手部皮肤软组织缺损合并掌指骨缺损12例,该复合瓣以桡骨茎突和第2掌骨头的连线为轴心线,以桡神经浅内侧支营养血管构成筋膜蒂。皮瓣最大6cm×3cm,最小3cm×2cm;骨(膜)瓣最大3cm×1.5cm,最小2cm×1.5cm。结果术后12例复合瓣全部成活,创面一期修复,X线显示骨缺损和骨不连在术后2～3个月达到骨愈合,但6例有不同程度的掌指关节活动受限,经康复治疗后好转;术后随访8～12个月,手部外形及功能均较满意。结论桡神经浅内侧支营养血管骨(膜)皮瓣的设计合理,血供可靠,操作简便,适用于修复手背部皮肤软组织缺损合并第1、2、3掌骨和拇、食指指骨近节部分缺损。     

Related factors of cognitive impairment after stroke

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment after stroke associates with various factors, such as age, educational years, etc. Besides concerning about the recovery of limb function after stroke, we should also focus on the rehabilitation of cognition. Moreover, we'd better pay attention to the control of all the risk factors of stroke, and improve the quality of life in stroke patients. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors that affect cognitive impairment after stroke. DESIGN: A related factors analysis. SETTINGS: Department of Neurology of Dalian Port Hospital and Dalian Second People's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 148 stroke inpatients were selected from Department of Neurology, Dalian Port Hospital and Dalian Second People's Hospital from April 2004 to December 2005, including 100 males and 48 females, aging 45-75 years with an average age of (67±8) years; Their educational years ranged 2-10 years with an average of (6.1±3.7) years; The disease course ranged 15-30 days; All were right-handed. Inclusive criteria: All were accorded with the diagnostic standard set by the Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease; Confirmed by CT or MRI; Informed consents were obtained from all the subjects. METHODS: After the disease conditions were stable, the patients were assessed with Wechsler memory scale (WMS) and Wisconsin card sorting test (WCST). WMS included forward and backward recitation of numbers and short-term memory (verbal memory, visual recognition). The number of times for correct and wrong classifications in WCST and the time to complete the trail making tests A and B were recorded. The focal volume, area and layer were recorded at 24 hours after admission. The general data of the patients were recorded, including name, sex, age, educational years, history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus. Electroencepalograph (EEG) was examined to record the wave shape, blood lipids were detected, and the cognition related indexes were analyzed with the Pearson correlation analysis. The correlation between cognitive indexes after stroke and the influencing factors were analyzed with multiple linear regression analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Correlation between cognitive indexes and imaging indexes; ② Influencing factors for cognitive indexes after stroke. RESULTS: All the 148 stroke patients were involved in the analysis of results. ① Correlation between cognitive indexes and CT indexes: There were obvious negative correlations between numerical symbol and focal layer (r =-0.234, P < 0.05), as well as between verbal memory and the focal area and volume (r =-0.363, -0.279, P < 0.05); Trail making test A had obvious positive correlation with focal area and volume (r =0.256, 0.256, P < 0.05). Results of multiple linear regression analysis: Correct classification was correlated with triglyceride (partial wave and θ wave (partial regression coefficient=0.231-0.908, P < 0.05); Verbal memory was correlated with EEG α wave, focal volume, sex, educational years and diabetes mellitus (partial regression coefficient=0.219-1.017, P < 0.05-0.01). Visual recognition had correlation with educational years and hypertension (partial regression coefficient=0.326, -1.163, P < 0.01). Trail making tests A and B were correlated with focal volume (partial regression coefficient=4.680, -18.561, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The factors that affect the cognitive function after stroke include sex, age, educational years, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, triglyceride, EEG wave shape, and the focal area, volume and layer     

表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酚对β-淀粉样多肽损伤的星形胶质细胞的保护作用

目的研究表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酚（EGCG）对异常蛋白β-淀粉样多肽（AB）损伤星形胶质细胞（AS）的保护作用，进一步探讨其作用机理。方法采用原代细胞培养技术，分离培养新生1d大鼠皮质AS，细胞纯化后，加入Aβ进行处理，随后加入不同浓度（0．1、1、5、10、25、50umol／L）的EGCG培养24h，观察细胞的形态学变化；MTT比色法进行细胞活性分析、AS中丙二醛（MDA）以及培养液中乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）含量的变化的检测；比较上述指标在损伤前后的变化。结果EGCG能够减轻Aβ对AS的损伤，抑制AS的MDA的产生，降低AS外液中LDH的含量，增强细胞的活性。结论EGCG能够抑制Aβ对AS的损伤作用，并且对其有神经保护作用，这种保护作用可能与其抑制Aβ引起细胞过度氧化有关。