外源核苷酸对免疫抑制小鼠胸腺细胞DNA损伤的影响

目的:检测外源核苷酸对经环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠胸腺细胞DNA损伤的影响。方法:采用18～20 g昆明种小鼠30只,雌雄各半,随机分成阴性对照组(NEC)、阳性对照组(POC)和核苷酸组(NTG),每组10只。NEC组和POC组小鼠均饲喂半纯合无核苷酸的基础日粮,NTG组则在基础日粮中添加0.25%的核苷酸,实验期为21 d。在实验结束前18 h POC组和NTG组小鼠按照150mg/kg bw的剂量腹腔注射环磷酰胺,NEC组注射生理盐水,实验结束时测定脾脏和胸腺脏器指数,并取胸腺细胞,做单细胞凝胶电泳,观察细胞DNA损伤情况。结果:在基础日粮中添加核苷酸对小鼠免疫器官重量没有显著影响(P>0.05),但能极显著降低受损胸腺细胞百分率(P<0.01)和受损细胞DNA尾长(P<0.01)。结论:外源核苷酸能显著降低免疫抑制小鼠受损胸腺细胞百分率和损伤程度。     

胃泌素受体在胃癌组织中表达的特征及其预后价值

目的探讨胃泌素受体（ｇａｓｔｒｉｎｒｅｃｅｐｔｏｒ,ＧＲ）在胃癌自分泌生长中的作用及其与胃癌预后的关系。方法应用胃泌素受体的放射配基结合分析法,测定３４例胃癌组织胃泌素受体的含量及其亲和力。结果３４例胃癌中,胃癌组织胃泌素受体阳性１６例,其中低亲和力胃泌素受体２例;高亲和力胃泌素受体１４例,高含量胃泌素受体９例,低含量胃泌素受体５例。２４例Ⅲ、Ⅳ期胃癌中,胃癌组织胃泌素受体阳性１５例;１０例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期胃癌中,胃癌组织胃泌素受体阳性仅１例。胃癌组织胃泌素受体的表达与胃癌临床病理分型无关。胃泌素受体阳性的胃癌细胞Ｓ期细胞比例及超５倍体细胞比例均高于胃泌素受体阴性者。对３１例胃癌患者随访３１～６９个月,胃泌素受体阴性或低亲和力胃泌素受体的胃癌患者,其预后较高亲和力胃泌素受体者好。结论胃泌素受体易于在晚期胃癌中表达,其对评估胃癌患者的预后有一定参考价值。     

骨盆肿瘤血管造影特点及临床意义

目的　通过分析骨盆肿瘤血管造影表现及供血特点 ,指导动脉栓塞治疗和手术治疗 ,强调肿瘤血管“多支栓塞”的重要性。方法　对 12例骨盆肿瘤患者进行了局部动脉灌注化疗和碘油栓塞治疗 ,其中纤维肉瘤 1例 ,软骨肉瘤、骨肉瘤各 2例 ,转移瘤 7例 ,治疗前均行髂内动脉、髂外动脉和 /或腰动脉造影 ,治疗后造影复查血管闭塞及碘油沉积情况。术后观察临床效果。结果　 ( 1)血管造影表现特点 :a“多源多支”供血 :髂内动脉、髂外动脉及腰动脉均参与骨盆肿瘤供血 ;b“富血管性”表现 ;c肿瘤染色区域明显大于骨破坏区。 ( 2 )栓塞结果 :每例均进行了 2支以上供养血管栓塞 ,复查见供养血管完全闭塞 ,肿瘤染色明显减少 ,碘油沉积良好。 ( 3)临床效果 :临床效果显著 ,疼痛减轻 ,肿块缩小 ,无严重并发症发生。结论　骨盆肿瘤的供血特点对指导临床治疗具有重要意义。     

PEG-干扰素α-2a治疗低转氨酶乙型肝炎患者的回顾性研究

目的对于PEG-干扰素α-2a（PEG—IFNα-2a）治疗的低转氨酶水平慢性乙型肝炎患者进行回顾性研究。方法对治疗满48周并于治疗前完成肝活检的乙型肝炎患者,取用药后第12周、24周、48周为观察点,记录乙型肝炎病毒血清标志物与HBVDNA的变化情况,并分析其应答与肝组织炎症程度（G分级）、肝细胞HBcAg分布的相关程度。结果按炎症级别分组之HBeAg阳性组：治疗48周时G1组总有效率20％（2／10）,G2组总有效率56．25％（9／16）,G3组100％（6／6）;HBeAg阴性组炎症级别G1组10％（1／10）,G2组62．5％（5／8）,G3组100％（2／2）。按照肝细胞HBcAg表达分组之HBeAg阳性组：48周时浆型表达总有效率80％（8／10）,混合型表达组总有效率42．1％（8／19）,阴性表达组100％（3／3）。HBeAg阴性组：浆型分布组DNA阴转率为37．5％（3／8）,混合型组为28．57％（2／7）,阴性组为60％。结论无论按照炎症还是肝细胞HBcAg表达分组比较,最初统计学处理后发现各个级别分组所得数据未见明显差异（包括HBeAg阳性与阴性组）。加入时间因素后显示随时间延长,高炎症水平、HBcAg的阴性表达和（或）浆型表达会有更高的疗效。     

A preliminary study of PDA-based dietary self-monitoring in hemodialysis patients

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to pilot test an intervention to enhance the adherence of study participants to the hemodialysis dietary regimen. DESIGN: A single case study design was used to examine the potential effectiveness of the intervention over a 4-month period of time. SETTING: A dialysis center in southwestern Pennsylvania. PATIENTS: Of the five individuals entered into the study, one was male and four were female, four were black, and one was white. Participants were 63 to 70 years of age, and had been receiving dialysis for a median of 36 months (range, 18 to 84 months). INTERVENTION: The intervention included counseling to enhance self-efficacy, by a renal dietitian, paired with personal digital assistant-based dietary self-monitoring. Participants met twice per week with interventionists during the first 6 weeks, weekly during the second 6-week period, and biweekly in the final 4-week period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Monthly laboratory data regarding serum albumin, potassium, and phosphorus levels; Kt/V; and data on average monthly interdialytic weight gain were abstracted from the participants' medical records. C-reactive protein level was determined at baseline and at 4 months. RESULTS: Four of five study participants had an increase in serum albumin level from baseline to their final measurement, and one participant maintained a stable albumin level. Four of five participants also experienced a small increase in serum phosphorus level. Mixed results were obtained with regard to serum potassium and average monthly interdialytic weight gain. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the small sample and single case study design, caution must be used in drawing firm conclusions from this study. Data suggest that the intervention may result in improved dietary intake and improved serum albumin levels. With increased dietary intake, serum phosphorus levels may increase. Additional research is needed to determine the potential efficacy and cost-effectiveness of this intervention for improving dietary adherence.