收费全文 | 1333369篇 |
免费 | 101955篇 |
国内免费 | 4263篇 |
耳鼻咽喉 | 16799篇 |
儿科学 | 43581篇 |
妇产科学 | 36360篇 |
基础医学 | 197815篇 |
口腔科学 | 35901篇 |
临床医学 | 129544篇 |
内科学 | 258062篇 |
皮肤病学 | 26371篇 |
神经病学 | 111844篇 |
特种医学 | 48169篇 |
外国民族医学 | 378篇 |
外科学 | 184017篇 |
综合类 | 28772篇 |
现状与发展 | 1篇 |
一般理论 | 460篇 |
预防医学 | 114364篇 |
眼科学 | 28988篇 |
药学 | 98817篇 |
6篇 | |
中国医学 | 3166篇 |
肿瘤学 | 76172篇 |
2021年 | 10897篇 |
2019年 | 11632篇 |
2018年 | 16313篇 |
2017年 | 12285篇 |
2016年 | 13243篇 |
2015年 | 15192篇 |
2014年 | 20796篇 |
2013年 | 32049篇 |
2012年 | 44234篇 |
2011年 | 46881篇 |
2010年 | 27071篇 |
2009年 | 24918篇 |
2008年 | 42711篇 |
2007年 | 45049篇 |
2006年 | 45161篇 |
2005年 | 43588篇 |
2004年 | 41557篇 |
2003年 | 39489篇 |
2002年 | 38301篇 |
2001年 | 60842篇 |
2000年 | 62516篇 |
1999年 | 52275篇 |
1998年 | 14578篇 |
1997年 | 13274篇 |
1996年 | 13114篇 |
1995年 | 12456篇 |
1994年 | 11626篇 |
1993年 | 10920篇 |
1992年 | 41567篇 |
1991年 | 40759篇 |
1990年 | 39444篇 |
1989年 | 37340篇 |
1988年 | 34581篇 |
1987年 | 33694篇 |
1986年 | 32151篇 |
1985年 | 30639篇 |
1984年 | 23036篇 |
1983年 | 19589篇 |
1982年 | 11753篇 |
1979年 | 20804篇 |
1978年 | 14814篇 |
1977年 | 12064篇 |
1976年 | 11876篇 |
1975年 | 12110篇 |
1974年 | 14800篇 |
1973年 | 14472篇 |
1972年 | 13356篇 |
1971年 | 12418篇 |
1970年 | 11485篇 |
1969年 | 10411篇 |
Methods: The purpose of this study was to examine the degree to which several personal factors and school characteristics affect and explain students’ self-determination. A total of 232 students with intellectual disability from Spain participated. Their self-determination level was assessed by the ARC-INICO Scale.
Results: Students with moderate levels of intellectual disability obtained significantly lower scores on self-determination than their peers with mild intellectual disability. There were significant differences in relation to the level of support needs and their experience with transition programs. The level of support needs was a significant predictor.
Conclusion: These findings contribute to current research in this field and practical implications were discussed. 相似文献
Background
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition whose etiology has been linked to mast cells and the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin LL-37. Individuals with refractory disease have demonstrated clinical benefit with periodic injections of onabotulinum toxin, but the mechanism of action is unknown.Objectives
To investigate the molecular mechanism by which botulinum toxin improves rosacea lesions.Methods
Primary human and murine mast cells were pretreated with onabotulinum toxin A or B or control. Mast cell degranulation was evaluated by β-hexosaminidase activity. Expression of botulinum toxin receptor Sv2 was measured by qPCR. The presence of SNAP-25 and VAMP2 was established by immunofluorescence. In vivo rosacea model was established by intradermally injecting LL-37 with or without onabotulinum toxin A pretreatment. Mast cell degranulation was assessed in vivo by histologic counts. Rosacea biomarkers were analyzed by qPCR of mouse skin sections.Results
Onabotulinum toxin A and B inhibited compound 48/80-induced degranulation of both human and murine mast cells. Expression of Sv2 was established in mouse mast cells. Onabotulinum toxin A and B increased cleaved SNAP-25 and decreased VAMP2 staining in mast cells respectively. In mice, injection of onabotulinum toxin A significantly reduced LL-37-induced skin erythema, mast cell degranulation, and mRNA expression of rosacea biomarkers.Conclusions
These findings suggest that onabotulinum toxin reduces rosacea-associated skin inflammation by directly inhibiting mast cell degranulation. Periodic applications of onabotulinum toxin may be an effective therapy for refractory rosacea and deserves further study. 相似文献Methods: Tumour and surrounding tissue were modeled by elliptical two- and three-dimensional computational phantoms having six different nanoparticle distributions. Nanoparticles were modeled as point heat sources having amplitude-dependent loss power. The total number of nanoparticles was fixed, and their spatial distribution and heat output were varied. Heat transfer was computed by solving the Pennes’ bioheat equation using finite element methods (FEM) with temperature-dependent blood perfusion. Local temperature was regulated using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller. Tissue temperature, thermal dose and tissue damage were calculated. The required minimum thermal dose delivered to the tumor was kept constant, and heating power was adjusted for comparison of both the heating methods.
Results: Modulated power heating produced lower and more homogeneous temperature distributions than did constant power heating for all studied nanoparticle distributions. For a concentrated nanoparticle distribution, located off-center within the tumor, the maximum temperatures inside the tumor were 16% lower for modulated power heating when compared to constant power heating. This resulted in less damage to surrounding normal tissue. Modulated power heating reached target thermal doses up to nine-fold more rapidly when compared to constant power heating.
Conclusions: Controlling the temperature at the tumor-healthy tissue boundary by modulating the heating power of magnetic nanoparticles demonstrably compensates for a variable nanoparticle distribution to deliver effective treatment. 相似文献
Aims
To examine the influence of pre-existing psychiatric disorder on the choice of treatment in patients with gynaecological cancer.Materials and methods
The analyses were based on all patients who underwent surgical treatment for endometrial, ovarian or cervical cancer who were registered in the Danish Gynecological Cancer Database in the years 2007–2014 (3059 patients with ovarian cancer, 5100 patients with endometrial cancer and 1150 with cervical cancer). Logistic regression model and Cox regression model, adjusted for relevant confounders, were used to estimate the effect of pre-existing psychiatric disorder on the course of cancer treatment. Our outcomes were (i) presurgical oncological treatment, (ii) macroradical surgery for patients with ovarian cancer, (iii) radiation/chemotherapy within 30 days and 100 days after surgery and (iv) time from surgery to first oncological treatment.Results
In the group of patients with ovarian cancer, more patients with a psychiatric disorder received macroradical surgery versus patients without a psychiatric disorder, corresponding to an adjusted odds ratio of 1.24 (95% confidence interval 0.62–2.41) and the chance for having oncological treatment within 100 days was odds ratio = 1.26 (95% confidence interval 0.77–2.10). As for patients with endometrial cancer, all outcome estimates were close to unity. The adjusted odds ratio for oncological treatment within 30 days after surgery in patients with cervical cancer with a history of psychiatric disorder was 0.20 (95% confidence interval 0.03–1.54).Conclusions
We did not find any significant differences in the treatment of ovarian and endometrial cancer in patients with pre-existing psychiatric diagnoses. When it comes to oncological treatment, we suggest that increased attention should be paid to patients with cervical cancer having a pre-existing psychiatric diagnosis. 相似文献- Download : Download high-res image (228KB)
- Download : Download full-size image