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排序方式: 共有1722条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
Verônica M. Couto Maria J. Prieto Daniela E. Igartúa Daniela A. Feas Lígia N.M. Ribeiro Camila M.G. Silva Simone R. Castro Viviane A. Guilherme Darlene D. Dantzger Daisy Machado Silvia del V. Alonso Eneida de Paula 《Journal of pharmaceutical sciences》2018,107(9):2411-2419
Administration of local anesthetics is one of the most effective pain control techniques for postoperative analgesia. However, anesthetic agents easily diffuse into the injection site, limiting the time of anesthesia. One approach to prolong analgesia is to entrap local anesthetic agents in nanostructured carriers (e.g., liposomes). Here, we report that using an ammonium sulphate gradient was the best strategy to improve the encapsulation (62.6%) of dibucaine (DBC) into liposomes. Light scattering and nanotracking analyses were used to characterize vesicle properties, such as, size, polydispersity, zeta potentials, and number. In vitro kinetic experiments revealed the sustained release of DBC (50% in 7 h) from the liposomes. In addition, in vitro (3T3 cells in culture) and in vivo (zebrafish) toxicity assays revealed that ionic-gradient liposomes were able to reduce DBC cyto/cardiotoxicity and morphological changes in zebrafish larvae. Moreover, the anesthesia time attained after infiltrative administration in mice was longer with encapsulated DBC (27 h) than that with free DBC (11 h), at 320 μM (0.012%), confirming it as a promising long-acting liposome formulation for parenteral drug administration of DBC. 相似文献
72.
Management of stress urinary incontinence with surface electromyography-assisted biofeedback in women of reproductive age 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although surgery has been widely accepted as the treatment of choice for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), there has recently been an increased interest in the conservative management of this condition. The aims of this study were to test the ability of a biofeedback-assisted pelvic-floor muscle exercise (PFME) program to affect symptoms of SUI in premenopausal women and to evaluate a training program that might lead to successful outcomes in a relatively limited number of sessions. SUBJECTS: Twenty-six women with SUI were treated with PFME with surface electromyography (sEMG)-assisted biofeedback. All participants were of reproductive age and were treated individually for 12 sessions. METHODS: results were evaluated with a 7-day voiding diary, a 1-hour pad test, pelvic-floor muscle strength measurements, sEMG amplitudes, a leakage index, and a quality-of-life questionnaire. These variables were compared before and after the intervention. RESULTS: The frequency of urine loss, the occurrence of nocturia, and the number of pads required decreased significantly after the intervention. Objective cure was found in 61.5% of women. There was a significant improvement in the quality of life, in pelvic-floor muscle strength, and in the sEMG amplitudes of all contractions throughout the intervention. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: A relatively short-term intervention of PFME with sEMG-assisted biofeedback appeared to be helpful in relieving symptoms of SUI in premenopausal women and represents a reasonable conservative management option. 相似文献
73.
Clarissa Vasconcelos de Oliveira Viviane Nogueira Zorzi Michele Rechia Fighera Luiz Fernando Freire Royes Ana Flávia Furian Mauro Schneider Oliveira 《Pharmacological reports : PR》2018,70(2):364-371
Background
The process by which a brain insult elicits epilepsy is termed epileptogenesis and it is characterized by numerous molecular and functional alterations. Statins are first-line drugs for hypercholesterolemia and related diseases, and display neuroprotective properties in clinical and experimental studies. Considering the importance in developing therapeutic strategies to prevent or modify epileptogenesis, we aimed the present study to test the hypothesis that atorvastatin modifies seizure susceptibility of mice after status epilepticus (SE).Methods
Male and female C57BL/6 mice were submitted to the pilocarpine-induced SE and then treated with atorvastatin (10 or 100 mg/kg, once daily by gavage) for 14 days. At days 7 and 14 post SE we evaluated the susceptibility of mice to the convulsant effects of a low dose of PTZ (30 mg/kg). Cell loss in the hilus of dentate gyrus was evaluated by Giemsa staining.Results
Latencies to myoclonic jerks and to tonic-clonic seizures decreased between baseline (before SE) and days 7 and 14 after SE, confirming the development of seizure susceptibility. Atorvastatin protected against PTZ-induced tonic-clonic seizures in both sexes at day 14 post-SE. Protective effects were similar in both female and male mice, except that a high dose of atorvastatin was required for females (protection at 100 mg/kg versus 10 mg/kg in males). Giemsa staining did not reveal neuroprotective effects of atorvastatin.Conclusions
Atorvastatin treatment during epileptogenesis had slight beneficial effects on seizure susceptibility. These seem not related to neuroprotection. Further studies are needed to determine the disease-modifying potential of atorvastatin in epilepsy. 相似文献74.
75.
76.
Summary Menadione and NH4Cl were reported to lower the islet content of reduced pyridine nucleotides. They were used to investigate the possible significance
of NAD(P)H in the regulation of glucagon release by glucose and arginine. Menadione (10–25 μmol/l) enhanced arginine-stimulated
glucagon release at a low glucose concentration (3.3 mmol/l), but failed both to affect glucagon secretion in the sole presence
of glucose (3.3 mmol/l) and to suppress the inhibitory action of glucose 11.1 mmol/l upon glucagon output. In contrast to
menadione, NH4Cl inhibited arginine-stimulated glucagon release at the low glucose concentration. The inhibitory action of glucose in high
concentration upon glucagon release was not suppressed by NH4Cl. These findings do not permit to extrapolate to the A2-cell the concept that reduced pyridine nucleotides represent a major coupling factor in the nutritional regulation of hormonal
release. 相似文献
77.
After a long history of relative neglect by the scientific community, white adipose tissue is finally emerging as a central component of body homeostasis. Indeed, the explosion of obesity statistics worldwide encouraged the study of adipose tissue and the complications of increased adiposity, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and accelerated vascular disease. Far beyond merely furnishing free fatty acids from triglyceride depots, a growing list of fat tissue-derived mediators has increased the understanding of the regulatory role of adipose tissue in metabolic control. Recently, inflammation within the obese adipose tissue has surfaced as another important link of obesity to its undesirable metabolic consequences. 相似文献
78.
Mutation screening in dilated cardiomyopathy: prominent role of the beta myosin heavy chain gene. 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Eric Villard Laetitia Duboscq-Bidot Philippe Charron Abdelaziz Benaiche Viviane Conraads Nicolas Sylvius Michel Komajda 《European heart journal》2005,26(8):794-803
AIMS: Familial dilated cardiomyopathy (FDCM) is associated with mutations in more than 10 genes, but genes mutation frequencies and associated clinical features remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a mutation analysis of four genes involved in FDCM in a population of idiopathic DCM. METHODS AND RESULTS: A SSCP and sequencing mutation screening of all the exons coding for beta myosin heavy chain (MYH7 gene), cardiac T troponin (TNNT2 gene), phospholamban (PLN gene), and the cardio-specific exon of metavinculin (VCL gene) were performed in 96 independent patients (54 familial and 42 sporadic). It led to the identification of eight heterozygous mutations, seven new ones in MYH7, and the already described R141W mutation in TNNT2. MYH7 mutations (in five familial and two sporadic cases) substitute residues located either in the head (I201T, T412N, A550V) or tail domains (T1019N, R1193S, E1426K, R1634S) of the protein. DCM was not associated with skeletal myopathy or conduction defects in any patients. Contrasting clinical features were observed between MYH7 and TNNT2 mutations carriers. In MYH7 vs. TNNT2, mean age at diagnosis was late (P<0.03), penetrance was incomplete in adults (56 vs. 100%), and mean age at major cardiac event was higher (P<0.04). CONCLUSION: We have identified seven mutations in MYH7, one in TNNT2, and none in PLN or in the VCL cardio-specific exon. MYH7 appears as the most frequently mutated gene in our FDCM population (approximately 10%), and mutation carriers present with delayed onset, in contrast to TNNT2. 相似文献
79.
Perez RO Habr-Gama A Nishida Arazawa ST Rawet V Coelho Siqueira SA Kiss DR Gama-Rodrigues JJ 《International journal of colorectal disease》2005,20(5):434-439
Objective The objective was to determine the presence and frequency of micrometastasis in lymph nodes of patients with rectal cancer treated by preoperative chemoradiation followed by curative resection.Patients and methods All 56 patients included were treated with 5-FU and leucovorin plus 5,040 cGy, followed by radical surgery and were diagnosed with stage II distal rectal adenocarcinoma after complete pathological examination (ypT3-4N0M0). Immunohistochemistry was assessed with cytokeratin monoclonal antibody AE1/AE3. Three 4-m paraffin sections were obtained from each lymph node, cut at 50 m apart from each other. The results were reviewed by two independent pathologists.Results Mean number of lymph nodes was 9.6 per patient. Four patients (7%) and seven lymph nodes (1.35%) were positive for micrometastasis. Three patients had pT3 and one a pT4 tumor. One of the patients had positive micrometastasis and the presence of mucinous deposits. One other patient had mucinous deposits without any micrometastasis. All four patients are alive with no evidence of recurrent disease. Fourteen patients negative for micrometastasis had recurrent disease (25%), eight systemic (14.7%) and six locoregional (10.3%). There were two cancer-related deaths. The mean follow-up period was 39 months.Conclusion Patients with rectal cancer treated by preoperative chemoradiation showed a surprisingly low rate of micrometastasis detection (7%), even in high-risk patients (T3 and T4 tumors). Lymph node micrometastasis was not associated with decreased overall or disease-free survival. The identification of mucinous deposits on lymph nodes with no viable tumor cells may be direct evidence of lymph node downstaging. The downstaging effect of preoperative chemoradiation therapy may be significant in reducing even micrometastasis detection in low rectal cancer managed by this treatment strategy. 相似文献