Morphological and morphometrical alterations of the osteochondral junction in perinatal necropsies

Infants who die during the perinatal period could present the following upon examination of the ribs: alterations of the osteochondral junction (OCJ) that could be related to intrauterine growth restriction, placental alterations, maternal disorders, and congenital abnormalities. The aim of this study was to identify the morphological alterations of the OCJ in the autopsied infants and the factors associated with its pathogenesis. The OCJ from 254 infants were sequentially autopsied and analyzed. Hematoxylin-eosin and blue Masson's trichrome stains were used for examination. The expression in the chondrocytes of the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) was measured using a polyclonal antibody. There were 199 (78.3%) cases with normal OCJ and 55 (22%) cases with alterations; among these, 38 (14.9%) cases have an increased cartilage matrix at the free bone marrow zone of the OCJ (ICM), 10 (3.9%) cases have a bizarre pattern (BZ), 5 (2%) cases have a bone tissue formation closing de growth channels (MCO) of the OCJ, and 2 (0.8%) cases have bone marrow cells encroaching the free bone marrow zone. The length of the proliferative zone was different in the groups with alterations of the OCJ (P < .001), being higher in the group of patients with MCO and ICM (P < .05). In the group with BZ, the length was smaller (P < .05). The analysis of the OCJ is important in the autopsies performed at the perinatal period, and this study contributes for a better understanding of the mechanisms related to the etiology of these alterations.     

一侧大脑中动脉高密度征对脑梗塞早期诊断价值的探讨

目的提高对一侧大脑中动脉高密度征的认识,探讨其在早期脑梗死诊断中的价值.方法9例患者均做了发病早期(1～6 h)CT扫描及发病后24小时CT扫描,其中男性7例,女性2例,年龄46～68岁,平均58岁,所有病例均经临床诊断.结果9例一侧大脑中动脉梗死患者回顾性CT资料分析,发现发病早期(1～6 h)CT检查均见一侧大脑中动脉高密度征,发病后24 h复查,该侧大脑中动脉血供区均呈大片状低密度灶.结论一侧大脑中动脉高密度征,结合典型的临床表现,在早期脑动脉梗死诊断中具有重要意义.     

CT与MRI对成人型环状胰腺诊断的对比分析

目的：探讨成人型环状胰腺的计算机体层成像（computed tomography,CT）及磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging,MRI）表现,以提高对该病的认识。方法：回顾性分析我院6例成人型环状胰腺病例,其中3例行CT腹部平扫及增强扫描;另外3例行MRI腹部平扫及增强扫描,1例结合磁共振胰胆管成像（magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography,MRCP）检查。详细分析每例影像学图像表现,最终诊断由2位高年资医师盲法观察,得出共同结果。结果：CT及MRI能显示环状胰腺直接征象和间接征象,6例均能显示直接征象,即胰头增大,呈环形包绕十二指肠,2例能清楚显示环状部胰管走行。间接征象包括肝内胆管扩张（2例）、胆总管扩张（3例）、胰管扩张（4例）、胰腺炎（1例）、胆囊炎（1例）。结论：CT平扫及增强检查显示成人型环状胰腺图像清晰。     

Pituicytoma with pleomorphism: A case report with cytological findings

Pituicytoma is a rare neoplasm, arising in the posterior pituitary or in the hypophyseal stalk, and its cytological findings have not yet been well-described. We have experienced a case of pituicytoma, which was difficult to diagnose intraoperatively, because of its cellular pleomorphism. A tumor measuring 18 mm in maximum diameter was found at the sella turcica in a Japanese woman in her forties. Both intraoperative crush cytology and histology of the resected tumor showed pleomorphic spindle or round cells, including multinucleated cells. Tumor cells were positive for TTF-1, S-100 protein, and vimentin, partially positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein and epithelial membrane antigen, and negative for synaptophysin, hormones of the anterior pituitary gland, CD34, Olig2, PAX8, and napsin A. Ki-67 labeling index was 2.0%. Tumors included in the differential diagnosis in general are pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, germinoma, and metastatic tumor on the radiological standpoint, and pilocytic astrocytoma and meningioma on the cytological standpoint. However, our case was difficult to differentiate especially from high-grade glioma only by morphology, and immunohistochemistry including TTF-1 was helpful.