Intrapulmonary solitary fibrous tumor with bronchial involvement: a rare case report in a child

Intrapulmonary solitary fibrous tumor is a very rare neoplasm. Our review of the English literature suggests that it has not previously been reported in children younger than 10 years. Herein, the occurrence of such a rare lesion invading the tracheobronchial tree is reported in a 7-year-old boy.     

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the main pulmonary artery: Diagnosis and management

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (ARCA) from the main pulmonary artery (MPA) is a rare congenital anomaly, with only 18 reported cases in the pediatric age group. More than half of these had associated cardiac anomalies that masked the presence of ARCA. Conversely, in many patients with ARCA as an isolated anomaly, the diagnosis has been missed during lifetime. The only patient with an isolated ARCA who was diagnosed in infancy presented with congestive heart failure. Asymptomatic infants with ARCA from the MPA have not been previously reported. Three additional cases, two infants and a child with ARCA from the MPA, are reported in this paper. The diagnostic dilemmas and the prognosis are discussed and management is recommended.     

Hypnosis for reduction of background pain and pain anxiety in men with burns: A blinded,randomised, placebo-controlled study

Introduction

‘Background pain’ and ‘pain anxiety’ are among the numerous problems of patients with burns. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions have been used to reduce background pain and pain anxiety. This study compared the effectiveness of hypnosis and ‘neutral hypnosis’ (as a placebo in the control group) in decreasing the background burn pain and pain anxiety of adult male survivors with burns.

The role of IL-1 family of cytokines and receptors in pathogenesis of COVID-19

A global pandemic has erupted as a result of the new brand coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This pandemic has been consociated with widespread mortality worldwide. The antiviral immune response is an imperative factor in confronting the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. Meantime, cytokines recognize as crucial components in guiding the appropriate immune pathways in the restraining and eradication of the virus. Moreover, SARS-CoV-2 can induce uncontrolled inflammatory responses characterized by hyper-inflammatory cytokine production, which causes cytokine storm and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). As excessive inflammatory responses are contributed to the severe stage of the COVID-19 disease, therefore, the pro-inflammatory cytokines are regarded as the Achilles heel during COVID-19 infection. Among these cytokines, interleukin (IL-) 1 family cytokines (IL-1, IL-18, IL-33, IL-36, IL-37, and IL-38) appear to have a strong inflammatory role in severe COVID-19. Hence, understanding the underlying inflammatory mechanism of these cytokines during infection is critical for reducing the symptoms and severity of the disease. Here, the possible mechanisms and pathways involved in inflammatory immune responses are discussed.

     

Human Pulp Responses to Partial Pulpotomy Treatment with TheraCal as Compared with Biodentine and ProRoot MTA: A Clinical Trial

Introduction

Questions exist regarding the efficacy of resin-containing materials such as TheraCal directly applied on the pulp. This study sought to investigate the clinical efficacy of TheraCal as compared with Biodentine and ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for partial pulpotomy.

Solid silica nanoparticles: applications in molecular imaging

Silica and silica‐based nanoparticles have been widely used for therapeutic and diagnostic applications in cancer mainly through delivery of drugs, genes and contrast agents. Development of synthesis methods has provided the possibility of fabricating silica nanoparticles with different sizes in nanometer ranges as well as silica‐based multimodal nanoparticles with many innovative properties and intriguing applications in biomedicine. The surface of silica particles facilitates different methods of surface modifications and allows conjugation of various biomolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids. In this review, different methods of fabrication of silica and silica‐based nanoparticles, their surface modification and the application of these nanoparticles in molecular imaging are discussed. Overall, the aim of this review is to address the development of silica and silica‐based multifunctional nanoparticles that are introduced mainly for molecular imaging applications using optical, magnetic (MRI), X‐ray (computed tomography) and multimodal imaging techniques. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Effective Factors in Providing Holistic Care: A Qualitative Study

Background:

Holistic care is a comprehensive model of caring. Previous studies have shown that most nurses do not apply this method. Examining the effective factors in nurses’ provision of holistic care can help with enhancing it. Studying these factors from the point of view of nurses will generate real and meaningful concepts and can help to extend this method of caring.

Materials and Methods:

A qualitative study was used to identify effective factors in holistic care provision. Data gathered by interviewing 14 nurses from university hospitals in Iran were analyzed with a conventional qualitative content analysis method and by using MAXQDA (professional software for qualitative and mixed methods data analysis) software.

Results:

Analysis of data revealed three main themes as effective factors in providing holistic care: The structure of educational system, professional environment, and personality traits.

Conclusion:

Establishing appropriate educational, management systems, and promoting religiousness and encouragement will induce nurses to provide holistic care and ultimately improve the quality of their caring.