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991.
Stephen L. Underwood Sarah McMillan Rebecca Reeves Jon Hunt Clive J. Brealey Stephen Webber Martyn Foster Carol A. Sargent 《European journal of pharmacology》2001,420(2-3):165-173
The immunosuppressant cyclosporin A given orally has anti-asthma properties but carries an undesirable risk of systemic effects. We administered cyclosporin A to Brown Norway rats either orally (p.o.) or topically by intratracheal (i.t.) instillation into the airways before inhaled antigen. Cyclosporin A suppressed the antigen-induced accumulation of activated (CD25+) CD4+ T lymphocytes and eosinophils in the lung, interleukin-5 mRNA expression in lung tissue and airway hyperreactivity. Intratracheal cyclosporin A suppressed cell accumulation at a 10-fold lower dose than that required orally. Minimum effective doses were 3 mg kg−1 i.t. and 30 mg kg−1 p.o. Intratracheal administration reduced the plasma concentration and systemic exposure compared with an equieffective oral dose, but the reduction (4–5-fold) was not as large as anticipated. Our data suggests that although topical administration to asthmatics would provide some potential for an improved safety margin, it may not offer any major advantage over existing oral therapy. However, the data clearly demonstrate that a novel immunosuppressant with similar anti-inflammatory properties but reduced potential for systemic effects would offer an attractive therapy for severe asthma. 相似文献
992.
Jim N. Underwood 《Conservation Genetics Resources》2009,1(1):491-493
Primer pairs for ten microsatellite loci for the damselfish Chromis margaritifer were isolated from a genomic DNA library. The loci were optimised and tested on 48 individuals from a single sampling site. Using three multiplex reactions, each primer pair amplified good quality, reliable and polymorphic product. Number of alleles ranging from 4 to 31 per locus, and average expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.20 to 0.93. No evidence of linkage disequilibrium was detected between any pair of loci, but significant departures from Hardy–Weinberg expectations at three loci suggested the presence of null alleles. Given the worldwide decline of coral reefs, these markers will be invaluable for elucidating patterns of genetic and demographic connectivity among populations of a fish that depends upon threatened coral reef habitat for its survival. 相似文献
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H Cordero K D Warburton P L Underwood R R Heuser 《Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions》2001,54(2):180-187
Percutaneous treatment of chronic total coronary occlusions has been limited by procedural complications such as vessel injury or perforation. Optimizing visualization in the vessel with optical coherent reflectometry and a forward-looking fiberoptic guidance technology may improve the safety and efficacy of percutaneous treatment of these lesions. 相似文献
995.
MOP-UP is a web-based application that enables efficient searching of nucleic acid or amino-acid alignments for sequences or motifs that are unique to a subset of the members represented in the alignment. This has applications in the design of assays that aim to detect particular strains or species. Since molecular-based characterisation of microbes is becoming increasingly important, MOP-UP can aid microbiologists in finding the best loci on which to base such assays. The program is accessible at: http://www.hpa.org.uk/srmd/bioinformatics/tools/mop-ups.htm. 相似文献
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Geoffrey Harding Suzanne Parsons Anisur Rahman Martin Underwood 《Arthritis care & research》2005,53(5):691-696