Results of long-term follow-up after curative resection of Dukes A colorectal cancer

Patients with Dukes A (UICC I) colorectal cancer have a good prognosis after curative resection. It is not known, however, if the outcome is significantly different for UICC Ia and Ib patients or if patients with reduced risks of recurrences can be identified early after surgery. This is of interest, as it would permit a more cost-effective, patient-oriented, and tumor stage-oriented follow-up program. To study these questions, a prospective follow-up database, including 1375 patients after curative resection of colorectal cancer, was analyzed. A total of 296 patients with Dukes A colorectal cancer with a median follow-up of 44 months were studied. Perioperative and follow-up mortality rates were 3% and 14%, respectively. Recurrent disease developed in 10% of Dukes A patients after a disease-free interval of 16 months. Significantly more patients suffering from pT2 (UICC Ib) cancer had recurrent disease than patients with pT1 (UICC Ia) cancer (13% vs. 4%; p <0.05). Preoperative CEA levels in patients with recurrent disease were significantly higher than in long-term disease-free patients (5.3 +/- 1.8 vs. 3.5 +/- 0.6 ng/ml; p <0.05). Curative resection of recurrent disease was achieved in 38% of the patients with recurrences (4% of all patients). Survival analysis showed significantly better survival in patients with Dukes A cancer than in those at higher tumor stages (log rank, <0.0001), and only 39% of all Dukes A patients who died during follow-up had recurrent disease. Dukes A (UICC Ia and Ib) colorectal cancer was diagnosed in 22% of our patients treated for cure, and long-term survival was 86%. There were significantly fewer cases of recurrent disease after curative resection of UICC Ia (pT1N0M0) cancer, so we propose a novel, less intensive follow-up regimen for these patients, leading to a more cost-effective, patient-oriented, and tumor stage-oriented follow-up program.     

颅外伤所致精神障碍患者的P300电位研究

目的 探讨颅外伤所致精神障碍P300电位特征及其在评价其认知功能中的临床价值。方法 对56例颅外伤所致精神障碍患者和53例健康者分别进行了P300电位测定和智商测定,并将两组结果加以比较。结果 颅外伤所致精神障碍患者组P300电位成分中N2、P3波潜伏期延长和P3波幅降低,较对照组差异有显著性（P〈0．01）,韦氏智力量表中领悟、算术和数字广度等分量表值颅外伤所致精神障碍组均低于对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。相关分析显示P300潜伏期与领悟、算术和数字广度值呈显著负相关（r=-0．29～-0．33．P〈0．01）,波幅则呈显著正相关（r=0．31～0．36,P〈0．01）。结论 P300电位可作为评价颅外伤所致精神障础患者认知状况的重要指标应用于临床。     

抗日本脑炎病毒单克隆抗体2F2重链可变区基因的克隆与鉴定

目的 克隆抗日本脑炎病毒单克隆抗体2F2重链可变区（VH）基因.方法 从分泌抗日本脑炎病毒单克隆抗体2F2的杂交瘤细胞中提取总RNA,通过RT-PCR扩增重链可变区基因.凝胶回收纯化后与pMD-18T载体连接,重组载体转化于宿主菌DH5α,挑取菌落PCR鉴定后测序并进行分析.测序正确的质粒经EcoRI和XhoI酶切、纯化后的产物和原核表达载体pRSET A在SolutionI作用下连接,转化BL21（DE3）对重组质粒进行表达.经Tricine-十二烷基磺酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）检测重链可变区表达产物的表达水平,用ELISA检测表达产物能否与日本脑炎病毒结合.结果 确定了2F2VH基因序列,长度为354 bp,编码118个氨基酸,第22位和第96位残基是维持抗体结构的半胱氨酸,含有特异性CDR1、CDR2和CDR3区域,符合鼠源性免疫球蛋白基因的特征.ELISA检测结果显示原核表达的2F2重链可变区产物可与日本脑炎病毒特异性结合.结论 获得了抗日本脑炎病毒单克隆抗体2F2重链可变区基因.     

膝外翻全膝关节置换外侧髌旁入路的手术方法探讨

目的探讨外侧入路行膝外翻全膝关节置换手术技术。方法采用膝关节外侧入路对中重度固定膝外翻患者行膝关节置换术。术中行膝关节正中偏外侧皮肤切口,行髂胫束苹果派样延长,自髌骨外侧“Z”字成形切开关节囊。以松解髂胫束止点、股骨侧及胫骨侧外侧副韧带及后外侧关节囊为主进行软组织平衡。股骨远端内外翻截骨定为5。外翻,股骨远端旋转角度截骨采用Whiteside线结合内外上髁轴线定位,全部病例均行髌骨置换。屈曲位缝合关节囊,将关节囊外侧袖套结构（深层）与内侧支持带边缘（浅层）缝合。结果8例10个膝外翻骨性关节炎患者采用外侧入路行全膝关节置换术。其中男1例1膝,女7例9膝。平均年龄68．2岁（58～79岁）。KrackowⅠ型外翻7例9膝,Ⅱ型1例1膝。临床分型均大于15°,属重度外翻。其中双膝关节同时置换2例4膝,单膝关节置换6例6膝。7例9膝采国产后稳定骨水泥型假体（TC—Dynamic,PLUS）,1例1膝采用进口旋转铰链式假体（RT—PLUS^TM Solution,PLUS）。全部患者术后外翻畸形均得到完全矫正,出院时均能独立或习步架辅助行走距离平均超过100m。关节活动度由术前平均95．6°（85°～110°）提高到术后平均117．1°（100°-125°）。被动内外翻活动度由术前平均12．6°（9°-15°）提高到术后0°。平均FTA角由术前的27．6°（20°～40°）提高到术后的6．8°（5°～9°）。KSS评分及功能评分由术前22．7分（9～48分）及26．5分（12—55分）分别提高到术后的86．4分（85～95分）及89．1分（80～95分）。术后平均随访时间19．6个月（1个月-51个月）,随访期间股胫角无明显变化,关节稳定性良好。结论采用外侧入路,关节囊“Z”字成形切开方法能够直接松解外侧韧带及软组织结构,并有效地缓解了腓总神经压力,解决了外侧软组织覆盖问题。     

鼻咽纤维喉镜下咽喉部异物取出术

目的 :探讨检查及治疗喉咽和喉部隐匿或可疑性异物的新手段。方法 :回顾分析用鼻咽纤维喉镜检查治疗 4 8例喉咽及喉部隐匿或可疑性异物的临床资料。结果 :4 8例中 4 6例异物用纤维喉镜一次取出 ,另2例为局部炎性反应 ,经消炎治疗后痊愈。结论 :鼻咽纤维喉镜是检查和治疗喉咽及喉部隐匿性异物的首选方法     

Randomized trial comparing dressing to no dressing of surgical wounds in a tropical setting

OBJECTIVE: to see whether there was a difference in the risk of local infection for surgical wounds in a tropical setting depending on whether a wound was dressed or left open beyond 48 hours post-operatively. METHOD: Over a four month period, 102 patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery classified as clean or clean-contaminated were randomized into two equal groups. The "with dressing" group underwent a wound dressing change and re-application every two days. In the "without dressing" group, the wound was left open to the air after a first dressing change at 48 hours. RESULTS: There was no difference in post-operative temperature curve; post-operative wound infection rate was 2% in each group. Suture removal was performed two days earlier in the "without dressing" group and hospital stay was decreased by two days. The expense of repeated dressing changes was also lessened. CONCLUSION: There is no benefit to leaving a wound dressing in place longer than 48 hours after surgery; costs related to prolonged hospitalization and expenses of dressing changes are decreased by a policy of leaving incisions undressed after 48 hours.     

心房颤动患者P波离散度的临床观察及胺碘酮干预

目的:探讨P波离散度能否预测阵发性心房颤动(AF)患者发生的概率及胺碘酮干预的评价。方法:选择110例冠心病(CHD)患者,其中观察组55例为CHD并AF患者;对照组55例无AF的CHD患者。测量最大P波时限(Pmax),最小P波时限(Pmin)及P波离散度(Pd),并对观察组患者给予胺碘酮干预后观察Pd变化。结果:Pmax观察组高于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.001),Pmin观察组低于对照组(P>0.05)。观察组经胺碘酮干预后43例转为窦性心律(占78.1%),25例Pd≤40ms(占45.5%)。结论:Pd是心房颤动的独立预测指标,胺碘酮对房颤患者Pd有一定的干预作用。     

Changes in sense of coherence in old age – a 5‐year follow‐up of the Umeå 85+ study

Scand J Caring Sci; 2013; 27; 13–19 Changes in sense of coherence in old age – a 5‐year follow‐up of the Umeå 85+ study Objective: This study aims to describe the changes in sense of coherence (SOC) over time and relate these changes to negative life events among very old people. Design: Prospective and longitudinal study. Subjects: 190 old women and men participated, of whom 56 could be included in the 5‐year follow‐up. Methods: The mean SOC score from the first and second data collection were compared using a paired sample t‐test. The relationship between the index of negative life events and the changes on SOC score between the two data collections was investigate using linear regression. Main outcome measures: Antonovsky’s SOC scale and an index of negative life events including severe physical and mental diseases, various losses as losses of spouses, cognitive and functional ability. Result: For the whole group of subjects (n = 56), the SOC scores was higher (70.1 vs. 73.7, p = 0.029) at the second point measure. The most common negative life events at follow‐up were loss of independence in activities in daily living and decrease in cognitive function. A significant correlation between the index of negative life events and changes in SOC over 5 years was found (p = 0.025). The more negative life events, the more decrease in SOC. Conclusion: We concluded that there is a risk of decreased SOC and thereby quality of life when negative life events accumulate among very old people. Nursing interventions might play an important role for maintaining and perhaps strengthening SOC among old people exposed to negative life events.