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排序方式: 共有5892条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Ostgren CJ Lindblad U Melander O Melander A Groop L Råstam L 《Journal of hypertension》2003,21(9):1657-1662
OBJECTIVE: This study explored whether the Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is associated with blood pressure in subjects with type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: A community-based, cross-sectional observation study. SETTING: Primary care. PATIENTS: One hundred and ninety-two men and 192 women with type 2 diabetes who consecutively underwent annual follow-up. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The PPARgammaPro12Ala genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction-based techniques. Associations between genotype and blood pressure were analysed by linear regression and expressed as differences in blood pressure (delta) with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: The mean systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure were 160 mmHg (standard deviation = 22.8) and 84 mmHg (standard deviation = 9.6), respectively. Subjects with Pro/Ala (24%) or Ala/Ala (2%) had lower diastolic blood pressure (delta = 2.8; 95% CI, 0.6-5.0) when adjusted for age and gender compared with Pro/Pro subjects (74%). This association was restricted to men (delta = 4.4; 95% CI, 1.3-7.4), who also had a borderline significant difference in systolic blood pressure (delta = 6.9; 95% CI, -0.8 to 13.8). In men the difference in diastolic blood pressure remained after adjustment for age, body mass index, serum triglycerides, serum insulin and haemoglobin A(1c) (delta = 4.6; 95% CI, 1.1-8.1). A subanalysis of normotensive men (n = 100) confirmed the difference associated with the Pro12Ala polymorphism in diastolic blood pressure (delta = 5.2; 95% CI, 0.6-10.0). CONCLUSIONS: The common Pro12Ala polymorphism in PPARgamma is associated with lower diastolic blood pressure in male subjects with type 2 diabetes. 相似文献
112.
Langhorst J Anthonisen IB Steder-Neukamm U Lüdtke R Spahn G Michalsen A Dobos GJ 《Inflammatory bowel diseases》2005,11(3):287-295
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have suggested that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients rank high among users of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). To further elucidate this phenomenon, we sent questionnaires to a large sample of IBD patients in Germany to determine the patterns and predictors of their CAM use. METHODS: Pretested 73-item questionnaires were mailed to a randomly selected representative sample of 1000 IBD patients from the approximately 16,000 members and associates of the German Crohn's and Colitis Association. Predictors of CAM use were evaluated by logistic regression models. RESULTS: Completed questionnaires were returned by 684 patients (female patients, 61.4%; Crohn's disease patients, 58.3%; ulcerative colitis patients, 38.2%). Of the 671 adult respondents, 344 (51.3%) had experience with CAM, and significantly more of the ulcerative colitis patients (59.8%) than the Crohn's disease patients (48.3%) had experience with CAM. There was no difference by gender. Homeopathy (52.9%) and herbal medicine (43.6%) were the most commonly used types of CAM. The most frequent personal reasons for CAM use were the search for an "optimum treatment" (78.9%) and the wish to stop taking steroids (63.8%). Using logistic regression, we found that total cortisone intake (P = 0.0077), but not duration of disease, was a strong predictor of CAM use. Other predictors were experience with psychosomatic and psychotherapeutic support (P = 0.0029), relaxation techniques (P = 0.0284), an academic education (P = 0.0173), a diet utilizing whole grains (P = 0.0123), and a normal body weight (P = 0.0215). Although 80% of patients indicated that they were interested in using CAM in the future, only 24.7% felt sufficiently informed about it. CONCLUSIONS: More than 50% of a large group of German IBD patients had used CAM. Prolonged or intensive steroid treatment, an academic education, active ways of coping, and a health-conscious life-style are associated with CAM use. Given the potential side effects and interactions, the treating physician should focus on thorough information about the benefits and limitations of conventional and complementary treatment options, especially for IBD patients who have received prolonged or intensive steroid treatment. 相似文献
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115.
Luis Velázquez-Pérez DSc Roberto Rodriguez-Labrada PhD Yasmani González-Garcés BSc Eduardo Arrufat-Pie MD Reidenis Torres-Vega BSc Jacqueline Medrano-Montero PhD Beatriz Ramirez-Bautista MD Yaimeé Vazquez-Mojena MSc Georg Auburger MD Fay Horak PhD Ulf Ziemann PhD Christopher M. Gomez PhD 《Movement disorders》2021,36(2):471-480
116.
Alexey A. Shadrin PhD Sören Mucha PhD David Ellinghaus PhD Mary B. Makarious BSc Cornelis Blauwendraat PhD Ashwin A.K. Sreelatha MSc Antonio Heras-Garvin PhD Jinhui Ding PhD Monia Hammer PhD Alexandra Foubert-Samier MD Wassilios G. Meissner MD Olivier Rascol PhD Anne Pavy-Le Traon MD Oleksandr Frei PhD Kevin S. O'Connell PhD Shahram Bahrami PhD Stefan Schreiber MD Wolfgang Lieb MD Martina Müller-Nurasyid PhD Ulf Schminke MD Georg Homuth PhD Carsten O. Schmidt PhD Markus M. Nöthen MD Per Hoffmann PhD Christian Gieger PhD Gregor Wenning MD for the European Multiple System Atrophy Study Group J. Raphael Gibbs PhD Andre Franke PhD John Hardy PhD Nadia Stefanova PhD Thomas Gasser MD Andrew Singleton PhD Henry Houlden MD Sonja W. Scholz MD Ole A. Andreassen PhD Manu Sharma PhD 《Movement disorders》2021,36(2):449-459
117.
Shirley K. Knauer Britta Unruhe Sarah Karczewski Rouven Hecht Verena Fetz Carolin Bier Sandra Friedl Barbara Wollenberg Ralph Pries Negusse Habtemichael Ulf‐Rüdiger Heinrich Roland H. Stauber 《Human mutation》2013,34(2):395-404
Survivin (BIRC5) is an acknowledged cancer therapy‐resistance factor and overexpressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). Driven by its nuclear export signal (NES), Survivin shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm, and is detectable in both cellular compartments in tumor biopsies. Although predominantly nuclear Survivin is considered a favorable prognostic disease marker for HNSCC patients, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not resolved. Hence, we performed immunohistochemical and mutational analyses using laser capture microdissection on HNSCC biopsies from patients displaying high levels of nuclear Survivin. We found somatic BIRC5 mutations, c.278T>C (p.Phe93Ser), c.292C>T (p.Leu98Phe), and c.288A>G (silent), in tumor cells, but not in corresponding normal tissues. Comprehensive functional characterization of the Survivin mutants by ectopic expression and microinjection experiments revealed that p.Phe93Ser, but not p.Leu98Phe inactivated Survivin's NES, resulted in a predominantly nuclear protein, and attenuated Survivin's dual cytoprotective activity against chemoradiation‐induced apoptosis. Notably, in xenotransplantation studies, HNSCC cells containing the p.Phe93Ser mutation responded significantly better to cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. Collectively, our results underline the disease relevance of Survivin's nucleocytoplasmic transport, and provide first evidence that genetic inactivation of Survivin's NES may account for predominantly nuclear Survivin and increased therapy response in cancer patients. 相似文献
118.
Elisa Postrach Rosa Aspalter Ulf Elbelt Michael Koller Rita Longin J?rg-Dieter Schulzke Luzia Valentini 《Journal of medical Internet research》2013,15(10)
Background
The Internet is widely available and commonly used for health information; therefore, Web-based weight loss programs could provide support to large parts of the population in self-guided weight loss. Previous studies showed that Web-based weight loss interventions can be effective, depending on the quality of the program. The most effective program tools are visual progress charts or tools for the self-monitoring of weight, diet, and exercises. KiloCoach, a commercial program currently available in German-speaking countries, incorporates these features. A previous investigation showed that the program effectively supports users in losing weight.Objective
We investigated weight loss dynamics stratified by weight loss success after 6-month use of KiloCoach. Furthermore, we analyzed possible associations between intensity of program use and weight loss. The results are intended for tailoring user recommendations for weight-loss Internet platforms.Methods
Datasets of KiloCoach users (January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2011) who actively used the platform for 6 months or more were assigned to this retrospective analysis. Users (N=479) were 42.2% men, mean age of 44.0 years (SD 11.7), with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 31.7 kg/m2 (SD 3.2). Based on the weight loss achieved after 6 months, 3 success groups were generated. The unsuccessful group lost <5%, the moderate success group lost 5%-9.9%, and the high success group lost ≥10% of their baseline body weight. At baseline, the unsuccessful (n=261, 54.5%), moderate success (n=133, 27.8%), and high success (n=85, 17.8%) groups were similar in age, weight, BMI, and gender distribution.Results
After 6 months, the unsuccessful group lost 1.2% (SD 2.4), the moderate success group lost 7.4% (SD 1.5), and the high success group lost 14.2% (SD 3.8) of their initial weight (P<.001). Multivariate regression showed that early weight loss (weeks 3-4), the total number of dietary protocols, and the total number of weight entries were independent predictors for 6-month weight reduction (all P<.001) explaining 52% of the variance in weight reduction. Sensitivity analysis by baseline carried forward method confirmed all independent predictors of 6-month weight loss and reduced the model fit by only 11%. The high success group lost weight faster and maintained weight loss more efficiently than the other groups (P<.001). Early weight loss was associated with weight maintenance after 1 year and 2 years (both P<.001). Weight dynamics did not differ between men and women over 6 months when adjusted for baseline and usage parameters (P=.91). The percentage of male long-term users was unusually high (42.2%).Conclusions
Our results suggest that early weight loss and close program adherence (ie, 5 dietary protocols per week and weekly entering of current weight), especially in the early phase of program usage, can improve weight loss outcome. 相似文献119.
120.
N. Flechtenmacher F. Kmmerer R. Dittmer U. Budde P. Michels J. Rther B. Eckert 《AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology》2015,36(10):1953
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Clopidogrel resistance is blamed for thromboembolic complications in neurovascular stent placement. Platelet-function assays are weakly standardized. The aim of this study was to correlate the results of 3 different platelet-inhibition measurements (from light transmission aggregometry, the VerifyNow P2Y12 test, and the Multiplate analyzer) and their relation to periprocedural thromboembolic complications in elective neurovascular stent placement.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Clopidogrel resistance was determined on the day of the intervention according to predefined platelet reactivity cutoff values. All 3 tests were performed in 103 consecutive neurovascular stent-placement procedures in 97 patients (extracranial, n = 77; intracranial, n = 26).RESULTS:The clopidogrel resistance rates were 47.6% (light transmission aggregometry), 50.5% (VerifyNow), and 35.9% (Multiplate). In 67% of the patients, clopidogrel resistance was present according to at least one method. The correlations of qualitative results that classified a patient as responsive or resistant to clopidogrel were 67.9% for light transmission aggregometry with VerifyNow, 77.7% for light transmission aggregometry with the Multiplate, and 66% for VerifyNow with the Multiplate. Periprocedural thromboembolic complications (n = 9) occurred more frequently in patients who were determined by all 3 methods to be clopidogrel resistant. The difference was most pronounced with light transmission aggregometry (complication rates, 14.4% [clopidogrel-resistant patients] vs 3.7% [clopidogrel-responsive patients]). Sensitivity and specificity rates of clopidogrel resistance in relation to embolic complications were, respectively, 78% and 55% for light transmission aggregometry, 67% and 51% for VerifyNow, and 44% and 67% for the Multiplate.CONCLUSIONS:Clopidogrel resistance is a frequent finding in patients who undergo neurovascular stent placement. The correlations among the different testing methods are only modest and differ considerably. Light transmission aggregometry results seem to correlate with thromboembolic complications more accurately than with VerifyNow and Multiplate point-of-care methods.In neurovascular procedures, especially the placement of a stent into an extracranial or intracranial artery, clopidogrel resistance is associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic complications.1–5 In elective neurovascular stent placement, preprocedural testing of platelet inhibition is increasingly performed to identify patients with clopidogrel resistance. However, test result standards for clopidogrel resistance have not been established, and strong clinical evidence that supports the idea that the results of such tests definitively alter clinical outcomes is still lacking. Light transmission aggregometry (LTA) is considered the criterion-standard test method, but standard values have not yet been established. LTA requires a preparation time of 2 hours, whereas point-of-care methods such as the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay (Accumetrics, San Diego, California) and impedance aggregometry using a Multiplate analyzer (Dynabyte, Munich, Germany) offer periprocedural test results within minutes in the operating suite.6A study comparing LTA with point-of-care measurements in percutaneous coronary intervention has shown only modest agreement among the different tests.7 In neurovascular procedures, clopidogrel resistance has been investigated with various methods. However, a comparison of different test methods to determine the correlation of their results with the occurrence of embolic complications has not yet been performed in the clinical context of neurovascular stent placement.The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of platelet inhibition with clopidogrel according to 3 different testing methods and the association of clopidogrel resistance with thromboembolic complications in elective neurovascular stent placement. 相似文献