尼莫地平胃内滞留漂浮型缓释片的研究

将尼莫地平先制成速释型固体分散体,再压制成胃内滞留漂浮型缓释片(NM-FSRT)。均匀设计法优选处方,并考察处方因素对尼莫地平释放的影响,在人体内对NM-FSRT进行了初步评价。结果表明优选处方于体外漂浮达10h,0.15～6h释放符合零级动力学。HPMC量越大,药物释放越慢,PEG 6000量越大,释放越快。饮食后NM-FSRT于胃内滞留时间约5h,空腹时约3h;对照非漂浮片饭后服滞留时间为3h,空腹2h排空。体内相对生物利用度为391.46%,MRT较普通片延长一倍多。     

Breast arterial calcification in association with diabetes mellitus: too weak a correlation to have clinical utility

A large-scale prospective study was designed to characterize the association between breast arterial calcification and diabetes mellitus. Arterial calcification was seen on the mammograms of 481 of 5,000 consecutive patients. The prevalence of arterial calcification was substantially higher among diabetics (45/106 = 42.5%) than among nondiabetics (436/4,894 = 8.9%). An even more significant association was found between arterial calcification and advancing age for both diabetics and nondiabetics. None of the 31 patients younger than 50 years with arterial calcification were diabetic, and none of the nine diabetics younger than 50 years had arterial calcification. Most important, less than 10% (45/481) of the patients who demonstrated arterial calcification were found to be diabetic. The presence of arterial calcification on mammograms is a more reliable indicator of advancing age than of diabetes, and the association of breast arterial calcification with diabetes is too weak to be clinically useful.     

Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of latentiated derivatives of 3-methyleneoxindole

Several latentiated derivatives of 3-methyleneoxindole were synthesized and examined for cytotoxic activity. The latentiated forms are represented by three general types which differ in leaving and cleaved groups. All are expected to be converted into 3-methyleneoxindole by bioactivation processes normally occurring in the cell. Two compounds were tested against L-1210 lymphoid leukemia, and six were tested against P-388 lymphocytic leukemia; all were inactive.     

CT-guided laser therapy in resistant human tumors: phase I clinical trials

Photodynamic therapy was performed on ten tumors in patients who did not respond to initial therapy and for whom no additional conventional therapy was available. A sensitizing agent (hematoporphyrin derivative [HpD]) was injected directly into each tumor under computed tomographic (CT) guidance to deliver high concentrations to the tumor and to minimize systemic toxicity. Three to 6 days after the injection, a clear Teflon sheath catheter was placed into the tumor under CT guidance. The tumor was exposed to red light (630-nm wavelength) through laser fiberoptics inserted in the sheath. The initial investigation confirmed the technical feasibility of CT-guided photodynamic therapy by means of intratumoral HpD injections and laser exposure through fiberoptics inserted in sheath catheters. The toxicity from a single treatment was minor, and the tumor response was encouraging.     

慢性乙肝患者阿德福韦治疗的病毒学应答和耐药性

背景:HBV感染患者的阿德福韦耐药性发生率和危险因素尚未明确。目的:探讨阿德福韦病毒学应答的特征、明确阿德福韦耐药的发生率并研究起始病毒学应答(Initial Virologic Response,IVR) 和阿德福韦耐药的相关因素。     

Necrotizing otitis externa: a painless reminder

Necrotizing otitis externa is a necrotizing osteomyelitis of the skull base that predominantly affects diabetic and immunocompromised patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most frequently implicated organism. Patients present with severe otalgia, otorrhoea with or without facial palsy, or rarely, facial pain as a symptomatic feature. We report a case of necrotizing otitis externa presenting with totally painless otorrhoea and highlight the need for a high index of suspicion when treating patients with otitis externa.     

Free immunoglobulin light chains: a novel target in the therapy of inflammatory diseases

In recent years, novel therapeutic strategies have become available for the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease. Neutralizing proinflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes and TNF-alpha, in addition to anti-IgE therapies (Omaluzimab) that target higher in the inflammatory cascade, have shown success in the treatment of allergic or autoimmune disorders. Free immunoglobulin light chains, which are produced by B lymphocytes and secreted into serum, might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disease. Concentrations of free light chains are significantly increased under diverse pathological conditions in humans, and have been linked to the progression and severity of immune diseases. Here we discuss the importance of free immunoglobulin light chains as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of chronic inflammatory disease.