Burning mouth syndrome and psychological disorders

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is an oral dysaesthesia that causes chronic orofacial pain in the absence of a detectable organic cause. The aetiology of BMS is complex and multifactorial, and has been associated in the literature with menopause, trigger events and even genetic polymorphisms. Other studies have found evidence for mechanisms such as central and peripheral nervous system changes, with clinical and laboratory investigations supporting a neuropathologic cause. These physiological explanations notwithstanding, there is still much evidence that BMS aetiology has at least some psychological elements. Somatoform pain disorder has been suggested as a mechanism and factors such as personality, stress, anxiety, depression and other psychological, psychosocial and even psychiatric disorders play a demonstrable role in BMS aetiology and symptomatology. In order to treat BMS patients, both physiological and psychological factors must be managed, but patient acceptance of possible components of psychological disease basis is a major hurdle. Clinical signs of patient stress, anxiety or depression are a useful reinforcement of clinical discussions. The current paper proposes a number of clinical signs that may be useful for both clinical assessment and subsequent patient discussions by providing visible supportive evidence of the diagnosis.     

CSF rhinorrhea: detection and localization using overpressure cisternography with Tc-99m-DTPA

We performed 32 overpressure radionuclide cisternography (ORNC) studies to examine 26 patients who were clinically suspected of having cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula with rhinorrhea. Fifteen (47%) of these cisternography studies were positive, and the site of the leak was identified. No leak could be demonstrated in the other 17. Of 23 examinations performed in patients who had clinically documented CSF rhinorrhea, 15 (65%) were scintigraphically positive. The rapid cephalad transit of the radionuclide bolus allowed completion of the study within 30 to 45 minutes. Seven examinations were also performed with overpressure metrizamide CT cisternography (OMCTC), and five demonstrated concordant results with the radionuclide study. Patient discomfort and side effects were minimal. We conclude that radionuclide infusion cisternography is a safe, rapid, and accurate method of investigating a suspected or proven CSF rhinorrhea and that it is complementary to metrizamide cisternography.     

Renal abscess: a complication of ethanol embolization

The authors describe a previously unreported complication of ethanol ablation of a renal tumor in one case. A renal abscess developed in a patient with preexisting silent urosepsis 5 weeks following ablation. Routine urinalysis, Gram stain, and urine culture are recommended as preprocedure tests to avoid such complications.     

紫草素抗炎及对白三烯B4生物合成的抑制作用

皮下注射紫草素(shikonin)10mg.kg^-1对小鼠巴豆油耳炎症和大鼠酵母性足肿有明显抑制作用;在白细胞体外温孵系统中,紫草素在10^-4～10^-7mol·L^-1浓度范围内可浓度依赖性地抑制LTB₄和5-HETE生物合成,其50%抑制浓度(IC₅₀)分别为6.2×10^-7mol.L^-1和2.6×1O^-7mol·L^-1。此外,还报道紫草素几个天然衍生物对LTB₄生物合成的影响。     

旋光活性内酯化合物的研究:(—)MALYNGOLIDE的全合成

以己二酸为起始原料,成功地合成了有手性季碳中心的内酯化合物(—)-Mialyngolide(1),其中关键的步骤采用手性相转移催化剂进行立体选择烷基化反应,此合成路线短,总收率为10.5%。     

旋光活性内酯化合物的研究：（—）MALYNGOLIDE的全合成

以己二酸为起始原料，成功地合成了有手性季碳中心的内酯化合物（—）－Ｍｉａｌｙｎｇｏｌｉｄｅ（１），其中关键的步骤采用手性相转移催化剂进行立体选择烷基化反应，此合成路线短，总收率为１０．５％。