全文获取类型
收费全文 | 9581篇 |
免费 | 558篇 |
国内免费 | 76篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 94篇 |
儿科学 | 182篇 |
妇产科学 | 91篇 |
基础医学 | 1214篇 |
口腔科学 | 212篇 |
临床医学 | 630篇 |
内科学 | 2629篇 |
皮肤病学 | 238篇 |
神经病学 | 558篇 |
特种医学 | 357篇 |
外科学 | 1754篇 |
综合类 | 40篇 |
预防医学 | 195篇 |
眼科学 | 192篇 |
药学 | 602篇 |
中国医学 | 20篇 |
肿瘤学 | 1207篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 11篇 |
2023年 | 144篇 |
2022年 | 266篇 |
2021年 | 415篇 |
2020年 | 223篇 |
2019年 | 316篇 |
2018年 | 373篇 |
2017年 | 273篇 |
2016年 | 297篇 |
2015年 | 282篇 |
2014年 | 375篇 |
2013年 | 410篇 |
2012年 | 710篇 |
2011年 | 663篇 |
2010年 | 392篇 |
2009年 | 328篇 |
2008年 | 544篇 |
2007年 | 637篇 |
2006年 | 570篇 |
2005年 | 577篇 |
2004年 | 559篇 |
2003年 | 500篇 |
2002年 | 483篇 |
2001年 | 78篇 |
2000年 | 66篇 |
1999年 | 91篇 |
1998年 | 97篇 |
1997年 | 81篇 |
1996年 | 73篇 |
1995年 | 53篇 |
1994年 | 49篇 |
1993年 | 45篇 |
1992年 | 34篇 |
1991年 | 34篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 18篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 7篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
991.
The effect of atypical antipsychotics, perospirone, ziprasidone and quetiapine on microglial activation induced by interferon-gamma 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Bian Q Kato T Monji A Hashioka S Mizoguchi Y Horikawa H Kanba S 《Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry》2008,32(1):42-48
An accumulating body of evidences point to the significance of neuroinflammation and immunogenetics in schizophrenia, characterized by increased serum concentration of several pro-inflammatory cytokines. In the central nervous system (CNS), the microglial cells are the major immunocompetent cells which release pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species to mediate the inflammatory process. In the present study, we investigated whether or not atypical antipsychotics, namely perospirone, quetiapine and ziprasidone, would have anti-inflammatory effects on the activated microglia which may potentiate neuroprotection. All three atypical antipsychotics significantly inhibited NO generation from activated microglia while perospirone and quetiapine significantly inhibited the TNF-alpha release from activated microglia. Antipsychotics, especially perospirone and quetiapine may have an anti-inflammatory effect via the inhibition of microglial activation, which is not only directly toxic to neurons but also has an inhibitory effect on neurogenesis and oligodendrogenesis, both of which have been reported to play a crucial role in the pathology of schizophrenia. 相似文献
992.
993.
Shigemura K Arakawa S Yamanaka K Yasui N Matsubara S Iwamoto T Kataoka N Yuien K Fujisawa M 《International urology and nephrology》2008,40(1):91-96
Introduction There are numerous arguments for the predictive factors of positive prostate biopsies, differing according to race and region.
This study aimed to determine predictive factors for a positive prostate biopsy in East Asian, especially Japanese men, using
clinical, laboratory, and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) findings.
Methods Data were collected from 466 men who underwent a prostate biopsy for suspected prostate cancer. Variables analyzed including
age, digital rectal examination (DRE) findings, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, PSA density, prostate volume, and TRUS
findings. Logistic regression analysis and the Mann–Whitney U test were used for this study.
Results Logistic regression analysis showed that significant predictors for a positive prostate biopsy for all patients were positive
DRE results, prostate volume, and hypoechoic lesions on TRUS. Especially in the patients with PSA levels <10 ng/ml, the significant
predictor for positive biopsy was prostate volume. The Mann–Whitney U test showed that significant predictors for a positive prostate biopsy in all patients were PSA density >0.15, positive DRE
results, and prostate volume <25 cm3. Especially in patients with PSA levels <10 ng/ml, significant predictors for a positive prostate biopsy were prostate volume
<25 cm3 and PSA density >0.15. Additionally, even if the data were confined to those patients with seven or more core biopsies, all
the predictive factors shown in all patients were significant predictors in this category.
Conclusion This study investigated potential predictors for positive prostate biopsy and demonstrated that prostate volume was an independent
predictive factor for positive prostate biopsy in patients with PSA levels <10 ng/ml. In the future, we may be able to use
our findings to create a nomogram for predicting positive prostate biopsy in Japanese men. 相似文献
994.
Shimamura N Naraoka M Nakano T Ogasawara Y Takeda T Ohkuma H 《No shinkei geka. Neurological surgery》2008,36(10):873-878
With the recent advanced aging seen in society, the number of elderly patients with aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is increasing. We focused on current management of SAH in patients who were over 75 years old. From January 1st, 2004 to the end of June, 2007, we had treated 170 SAH patients including 39 who were over 75 years old. We divided the patients into three groups : Coiling Group, Clipping Group, and conservative treatment group (Conservative Group). We analyzed the Hunt-Kosnik grade (H-K), the rate of symptomatic vasospasm, the rate of shunting operation, the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) at 30 days after the onset of SAH, bed rest periods and rate of shunt operation retrospectively. The Conservative Group included many H-K poor grade cases. Symptomatic vasospasm occurred significantly less in the Coiling Group. Rates of shunting operation did not have any significant change. GOS of the Coiling Group and Clipping Group had no significant change, due to the effectiveness of arterial injection for vasospasm. Patients in the Coiling Group started walking significantly earlier than members of other groups. Twenty-five percent of the Clipping Group needed a shunt operation but no patients of the Coiling Group needed a shunt. For elderly SAH patients, we recommend doing coil embolization or clipping and maintaining the patients' activity in daily life. Interventional treatment is necessary to improve results for elderly SAH patients. 相似文献
995.
996.
Osteoporosis is a major complication of Cushing’s syndrome. The aim of the present study was to assess the chronologic effect
of surgical cure on bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with Cushing’s syndrome due to adrenal adenoma. BMD was examined
in 28 patients before laparoscopic adrenalectomy; 17 patients with reduced BMD were then included in the longitudinal evaluation.
BMD was determined using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) before and at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after adrenalectomy.
The prevalence of osteoporosis was 64% (95% confidence interval 44–81%). Preoperative BMD of the lumbar spine in the lateral
projection was significantly lower than that of the femoral neck (mean ± SD score: −3.53 ± 0.75 vs. −1.54 ± 0.22, p = 0.003). A significant increase in BMD was observed at 3 months after surgery in the lumbar spine (p = 0.0004). Improvement at both sites was maintained at 24 months after surgery. The postoperative percentage change in BMD
of the lumbar spine was significantly higher than that of the femoral neck (mean ± SD 36.7% ± 26.5% vs. 11.2% ± 12.1%, p = 0.01). The change in the seven premenopausal patients was significantly higher than that in the three postmenopausal patients
(p = 0.0006). Surgical cure of hypercortisolism provides significant improvement in BMD in patients with Cushing’s syndrome
due to adrenal adenoma. The improvement is particularly apparent in the lumbar spine measured in the lateral projection. Premenopausal
women are more likely to benefit from surgery in terms of secondary osteoporosis. 相似文献
997.
A 50-year-old woman with massive ovarian cancer underwent a tumor resection and lymph node resection. Oxygenation was impaired preoperatively and chest X-ray film and computed tomogram revealed an elevation of the two diaphragms and atelectasis of the lower parts of the lungs. Induction of anesthesia was uneventful. During the surgery, oxygenation was improved after laparotomy but deteriorated again about 90 minutes after the tumor resection. Just before the termination of the surgery, we found bubbly sputum coming out from the tracheal tube. We had her chest X-ray taken and found bilateral consolidation of the lower parts of the lungs with air-bronchogram and loss of diaphragm profiles. The diagnosis of RPE was made and she was, transferred to ICU without extubation. Evacuation of pneumothorax or pleural effusion is the most common cause of RPE; but, removal of the intraabdominal mass would provide a good chance for RPE. Although, slow expansion of the collapsed lungs to prevent RPE is recommended, this consideration may not always be warranted. 相似文献
998.
Akimoto N Miyazawa M Torii T Toshimitsu Y Aikawa M Okada K Otani Y Koyama I Ikada Y 《The Journal of surgical research》2008,144(1):22-28
BACKGROUND: Cell implantation into ischemic regions has recently been introduced as a novel strategy for therapeutic angiogenesis. Little is known, however, about the process of blood vessel regeneration, particularly that of the inferior vena cava (IVC). The indicators of normal angiogenesis are also unestablished. PURPOSE: To investigate the process of regeneration of the IVC from a histological viewpoint and to speculate on how the new formation and regeneration of the blood vessels proceed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Our previous studies showed that a bioabsorbable polymer patch implanted into the IVC formed vessels resembling the native IVC (J Gastrointest Surg 2005;9:789). Using this model system, we investigated the histology and time course of IVC regeneration in the graft site. A 3 x 2 portion of infrahepatic IVC was substituted by a bioabsorbable polymer patch of the same size in hybrid pigs. The patched area was excised for histology at 2 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months after implantation (n = 3, each). RESULTS: By 2 weeks, the patched area had developed vascular endothelial cells of the same type seen in native veins. The polymer implant was still detectable at 2 weeks but histologically absorbed at 3 months. Smooth muscle was barely formed at 2 weeks, but the ratio of smooth muscle to subendothelial connective tissue gradually increased as time advanced to 3, 6, and 12 months. Even at the last observation at 12 months, however, the amount of smooth muscle formed made up no more than one-half of the native IVC. The case with the elastic fibers accounted for about 90% of the total number of native fibers at 12 months. On gross examination, the patched area resembled the native IVC at 3 months after implantation. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that the subendothelial tissue regenerated gradually, requiring more than 1 year to resemble native tissue, whereas the vascular endothelium regenerated in the early phase after injury. Our findings make it possible to establish criteria by which to evaluate venous regeneration. 相似文献
999.
Mitsuo M Takahiro T Yasuko T Masayasu A Katsuya O Nozomi S Yoshihide O Isamu K 《World journal of surgery》2007,31(11):2208-2212
Background Radiofrequency (RF) ablation for the treatment of the section line prior to liver resection has been proposed as a way to
reduce blood loss during hepatectomy. Our group compared hepatectomy with and without RF ablation to determine whether this
technique actually reduces blood loss during liver resection and whether it affects the perioperative outcome.
Method Of 151 patients who underwent a hepatectomy between January 2002 and October 2005 at the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery
in the Department of Surgery of Saitama Medical University, 48 who had a partial hepatectomy or resection of a portion of
liver smaller than a single Couinaud segment were included in the study. Twenty patients who had RF-assisted hepatectomy [RF
(+) group] and 28 patients who had hepatectomy without ablation [RF (-) group] were studied to compare the rates of intraoperative
blood loss and the effects of RF ablation on the perioperative outcome.
Results Intraoperative blood loss was significantly reduced in the RF (+) group. In contrast, the alanine aminotransferase activity
in the RF (+) group was significantly elevated immediately after the operation. There was no significant difference in the
incidence of postoperative complications between the groups, although bile leakage did occur in three RF (+) patients.
Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the RF ablation technique can be a useful way to reduce surgical blood loss. In view of its association
with severe postoperative liver damage, the technique must be applied with caution. The danger may be especially relevant
to patients with chronic liver disease and decreased liver reserve. 相似文献
1000.
Inoue T Nishimura S Hayashi N Numagami Y Tomita T Nishijima M 《Neurologia medico-chirurgica》2007,47(7):317-321
A 76-year-old man presented with a cavernous sinus (CS) dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) associated with the development of a meningioma without venous sinus occlusion. Initial digital subtraction angiography did not reveal the CS dural AVF, which appeared simultaneously with the enlargement of the meningioma and lead to right oculomotor nerve paresis. In this case, the development of meningioma possibly increased the vascular tumor bed and affected the venous hemodynamic return, thus leading to the dural AVF. 相似文献