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排序方式: 共有436条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
131.
Muyldermans G Piérard D Hoebrekx N Advani R Van Amersfoorth S De Schutter I Soetens O Eeckhout L Malfroot A Lauwers S 《Journal of clinical microbiology》2004,42(4):1614-1619
Studies performed in several countries have demonstrated the recent emergence and subsequent dominance of circulating Bordetella pertussis strains harboring pertactin and pertussis toxin variants not included in pertussis vaccines. Determination of the pertactin gene variants is commonly performed using a time-consuming and expensive sequence analysis. We developed a simple and reliable pertactin typing algorithm suitable for large-scale screening. The assay correctly identified all pertactin alleles in representative strains. The typing of 231 clinical strains of B. pertussis routinely isolated in Belgium showed that this algorithm was adequate to identify less-frequent prn types like prn9 and prn11. 相似文献
132.
HR Naderi M Tagliamonte ML Tornesello M Ciccozzi G Rezza R Farid FM Buonaguro L Buonaguro 《Infectious agents and cancer》2006,1(1):4-5
Genetic and phylogenetic information on the HIV-1 epidemic in Middle-East Countries, and in particular in Iran, are extremely
limited. By March 2004, the Iranian Ministry of Health officially reported a cumulative number of 6'532 HIV positive individuals
and 214 AIDS cases in the Iranian HIV-1 epidemic. The intra-venous drug users (IDUs) represent the group at highest risk for
HIV-1 infection in Iran, accounting for almost 63% of all HIV-infected population. In this regards, a molecular phylogenetic
study has been performed on a sentinel cohort of HIV-1 seropositive IDUs enrolled at the end of 2005 at the University of
Mashhad, the largest city North East of Tehran. The study has been performed on both gag and env subgenomic regions amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and characterized
by direct DNA sequence analysis. The results reported here show that the HIV-1 subtype A is circulating in this IDUs sentinel
cohort. Moreover, the single phylogenetic cluster as well as the intra-group low nucleotide divergence is indicative of a recent outbreak. Unexpectedly, the Iranian samples appear to be phylogenetically
derived from African Sub-Saharan subtype A viruses, raising stirring speculations on HIV-1 introduction into the IDUs epidemic
in Mashhad. This sentinel study could represent the starting point for a wider molecular survey of the HIV-1 epidemics in
Iran to evaluate in detail the distribution of genetic subtypes and possible natural drug-resistant variants, which are extremely
helpful information to design diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. 相似文献
133.
W Pommer M Brauner HJ Westphale R Brunkhorst R Kr?mer D Bundschu B H?ffken HB Steinhauer E Schümann FM Lüttgen E Schillinger-Pokorny F Schaefer R Wende G Offner S N?ther B Osten M Zimmering JH Ehrich M Kehn U Mansmann C Grosse-Siestrup 《American journal of kidney diseases》1998,32(5):752-760
Catheter-related infections remain a significant cause of method failure in chronic peritoneal dialysis (PD) therapy. Given the increasing antibiotic resistance, such nonpharmacological strategies as local silver devices attract more interest. To establish whether a silver ring device (designed by Grosse-Siestrup in 1992) mounted onto the PD catheter and placed at the exit site at skin level is effective in preventing exit-site and other catheter-related infections, a prospective 12-month, multicenter, controlled study stratified by diabetes status was conducted. The study subjects were assessed by an extensive structured inventory, including a broad spectrum of control variables, such as age, body mass index (BMI), Staphylococcus aureus carrier status, catheter features, mode and quality of PD therapy, comorbidity, and psychosocial rehabilitation. Ten experienced German outpatient dialysis centers (seven adult, three pediatric) participated in the trial. All eligible patients (n=195) from the study area without catheter-related infections during the ascertainment period were included (incidental subjects undergoing PD therapy for at least 3 months). The main outcome measures were the occurrence of first exit-site infections (primary study end point), sinus tract/tunnel infection, and peritonitis. Ninety-seven patients were assigned to the silver ring and 98 patients to the control group. Baseline characteristics of age, sex, proportion of pediatric and incidental patients, S aureus carrier status, and other variables were similar in both groups. The incidence of infections in the silver ring group versus the control group was as follows: 23 of 97 versus 16 of 98 patients had exit-site infections, 12 of 97 versus 12 of 98 patients had sinus tract/tunnel infections, 16 of 97 versus 18 of 98 patients had peritonitis, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis for the probability of an infection-free interval showed no statistical difference (log-rank test) between the two groups. Displacement of the silver ring contributed to study termination in 6% of the study group patients, including two patients with catheter loss. Univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression identified younger age (<50 years), low serum albumin level (<35 g/L), number of previously placed PD catheters, short cuff-exit distance (<2 cm), and S aureus nasal carriage as risk factors for the development of exit-site infections. In conclusion, our study does not show any benefit of the silver ring in preventing catheter-related infections in PD patients. Thus, prevention of infection-related method failure in PD still has to rely on conventional antibiotic treatment strategies and less so on alternative methods. 相似文献
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136.
Overutilization of radiological examinations 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
137.
138.
Van Herendael HE Van den Heuvel MC Van Roey GW Soetens FM 《Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde》2006,150(5):259-262
In a 32-year-old man with left-sided pneumothorax, dyspnoea and tachypnoea with a drop in blood pressure and severe hypoxaemia recurred during drainage. The chest X-ray revealed an alveolar infiltrate in the middle and lower segments of the left lung that was interpreted as re-expansion pulmonary oedema. The patient was respirated and given extra fluids. Extubation was possible after four days. Re-expansion pulmonary oedema is a rare, potentially lethal complication after treatment of a collapsed lung due to a hydro- or pneumothorax. The oedema usually occurs in the re-expanded lung and must be considered when there is a sudden respiratory or haemodynamic deterioration after drainage of X fluid or air. The diagnosis is made by clinical examination and chest X-ray. Predisposing factors are a large hydro- or pneumothorax, long-term collapse, young age and rapid re-expansion. This complication can be prevented by low negative suction pressures and by aspirating a maximum of 1000 to 1500 ml of pleural fluid. The pathophysiology of re-expansion pulmonary oedema is not completely understood and is probably multifactorial. The treatment is merely supportive: oxygen, intravenous fluid substitution and if necessary artificial ventilation. The use of diuretics should be avoided in patients with hypotension. 相似文献
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140.
KA Kaphingst FM Facio M‐R Cheng S Brooks H Eidem A Linn BB Biesecker LG Biesecker 《Clinical genetics》2012,82(5):408-415
Kaphingst KA, Facio FM, Cheng M‐R, Brooks S, Eidem H, Linn A, Biesecker BB, Biesecker LG. Effects of informed consent for individual genome sequencing on relevant knowledge. Increasing availability of individual genomic information suggests that patients will need knowledge about genome sequencing to make informed decisions, but prior research is limited. In this study, we examined genome sequencing knowledge before and after informed consent among 311 participants enrolled in the ClinSeq? sequencing study. An exploratory factor analysis of knowledge items yielded two factors (sequencing limitations knowledge; sequencing benefits knowledge). In multivariable analysis, high pre‐consent sequencing limitations knowledge scores were significantly related to education [odds ratio (OR): 8.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.45–31.10 for post‐graduate education, and OR: 3.9; 95% CI: 1.05, 14.61 for college degree compared with less than college degree] and race/ethnicity (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.09, 5.38 for non‐Hispanic Whites compared with other racial/ethnic groups). Mean values increased significantly between pre‐ and post‐consent for the sequencing limitations knowledge subscale (6.9–7.7, p < 0.0001) and sequencing benefits knowledge subscale (7.0–7.5, p < 0.0001); increase in knowledge did not differ by sociodemographic characteristics. This study highlights gaps in genome sequencing knowledge and underscores the need to target educational efforts toward participants with less education or from minority racial/ethnic groups. The informed consent process improved genome sequencing knowledge. Future studies could examine how genome sequencing knowledge influences informed decision making. 相似文献