瘤体内注射卡铂和消痔灵对荷瘤鼠的抗肿瘤作用及其毒性

目的：观察瘤内注射（it)卡铂（CBP）和消痔灵（XZL）的抗肿瘤作用。方法：选用小鼠S180实验体瘤模型,it XZL,it及静脉注射（iv)CBP治疗,测定各组小鼠的瘤重,体重,脾指数和胸腺指数。结果：与生理盐水（NS）组比较,iv CBP 30mg/kg,it XZL 10ml/kg和it CBP 30,60mg/kg的抑瘤率分别为20．23％和,25．6％,27．4％和41．9％,脾指数变化分别为－41．0％,12．2％－28．4和－49．2％,胸腺指数变化分别为－8．5％,33．0％,－5．3％和－12．8％。结论：it CBP和XZL均有抗肿瘤作用,CBP降低荷瘤鼠免疫器官指数,而ZL则增加荷瘤鼠免疫器官指数。     

Ophthalmic manifestations and risk factors for mortality of HIV patients in the post‐highly active anti‐retroviral therapy era

Background: To evaluate the ophthalmic manifestations and risk factors for mortality in HIV patients in the post‐highly active anti‐retrovirus therapy (HAART) era. Design: Retrospective study. Samples: 151 patients with HIV infection. Methods: Review of all HIV patients who have attended the Hong Kong Eye Hospital between 2000 and 2007. Main Outcome Measures: Ocular findings especially opportunistic infections and medical information including mortality during follow up. Results: At presentation, 139 (92.1%) patients were already diagnosed with HIV and 58 (41.7%) had an AIDS indicator condition. Fifty‐one (33.8%) patients had HIV‐related eye disease on presentation and the leading manifestations were cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis and HIV microangiopathy. Low baseline CD4 cell count <100 cells/L was significantly related with HIV‐related ophthalmic manifestations and CMV retinitis at presentation (P < 0.013). 105 patients were followed for 6 months or more and the mean follow‐up was 4.8 years. There was no significant change in visual acuity compared with baseline (P = 0.13). 20 (19.0%) patients had one eye with final visual acuity of 20/200 or worse and the leading cause for poor vision was CMV retinitis. 11 (10.5%) patients died during the follow‐up due to complications of HIV/AIDS. The presence of HIV retinal microangiopathy was significantly associated with mortality (P = 0.005). Conclusions: CMV retinitis remains the main HIV‐related ocular disease in the post‐HAART era. HIV retinal microangiopathy might be an important prognostic factor for mortality. Appropriate ophthalmic monitoring is justified to detect for ophthalmic complications in HIV patients regardless of HAART use in order for prompt initiation of treatment.     

乌头类生药中主要生物碱的薄层光密度法测定

乌头为常用中药,有祛风、散寒、止痛的功效。除正品乌头Aconitum carmichaeli Debx和北乌头Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb外,同属一些其它品种,亦在民间广泛使用。该属植物多含有双酯类生物碱剧毒成分,主要为乌头碱(aconitine)、中乌头碱(mesaconitine)和     

水溶性药物的疏水性修饰及其重组型脂质体的研究

脂质体载水溶性药物出现的共同问题是药物的包封量低、稳定性差。本文以甲硝唑(Ⅰ)为水溶性药物模型,进行疏水性结构修饰,得其肉豆蔻酸酯(Ⅱ)前体药物,分别进行Ⅰ和Ⅱ的脂质体研究,结果表明Ⅱ在脂质体中的包封率较Ⅰ提高10倍以上,渗漏速率降至十分之一,制成含Ⅱ的脂质干膜,经超声分散,可得合乎要求的重组型脂质体,为解决脂质体载药的稳定性问题提供有效途径。体外抗阿米巴原虫试验,镜检观察到载药脂质体进入阿米巴原虫的细胞内,且100%抑制原虫所需剂量Ⅱ脂质体是Ⅰ游离药的二分之一。因此药物疏水化修饰是解决脂质体载水溶性药物稳定性问题的理想途径。     

双（2，6－哌嗪二酮）类抗肿瘤药物的研究：2，3－二乙酰氧基－1，4－二（3′，5′－二酮－N4′－取代哌嗪甲基）苯的合成

双（２，６－哌嗪二酮）类抗肿瘤药物的研究：２，３－二乙酰氧基－１，４－二（３′，５′－二酮－Ｎ４′－取代哌嗪甲基）苯的合成李全，沈旭，邵华武，谢毓元（中国科学院上海药物研究所２０００３１）１９６９年Ｃｒｅｉｇｈｔｏｎ等人试图用ＥＤＴＡ与甲酰胺反应合成...     

大环内酯类抗生素麦迪霉素的电化学特性

在K₂HPO₄,NH₄Cl+NH₃和NaOH的10%(v/v)乙醇水溶液中,除0.01mol·L^-1以上NaOH液作为支持电解质外,麦迪霉素的伏安波皆为两个峰。峰A相当于它的甲醛基还原波,峰B为催化吸附氢波。溶液pH对两峰有强烈的影响。实验表明伏安波有吸附特性,且不可逆。两峰的ip与麦迪霉素的浓度成正比,线性范围分别为3×10^-6～3×10^-5mol·L^-1和1×10^-7～4×10^-5mol·L^-1,检测限为:1×10-6mol·L^-1和5×10^-8mol·L^-1。可应用于麦迪霉素的定量测定。研究了两峰的特性和电极机理,测定了有关的物理常数。     

双(2,6-哌嗪二酮)类抗肿瘤药物的研究:2,3-二乙酰氧基-1,4-二(3′,5′-二酮-N4′-取代哌嗪甲基)苯的合成

Seventeen compounds having the structure of 2,3-diacetoxy-1,4-bis(3′,5′- dioxo-N⁴′-substituted piperazinyl methyl)benzene were designed and synthesized based on chelation hypothesis. Their antitumor activities on P388 cells,Hep cells and SGC 7901 cells in vitro were tested. Preliminary results showed that compound 4e has potent antitumor effect against P388 cells and.Hep cells in vitro.     

Asynchronism of the recovery of baroreflex sensitivity, blood pressure, and consciousness from anesthesia in rats

Anesthesia inhibits arterial baroreflex functions such as baroreflex sensitivity （BRS）. The main objective of the present study was to determine the time course of BRS recovery from anesthesia and to determine whether BRS recovery is synchronous with the recovery of consciousness and blood pressure （BP）. Experiments were performed in male Sprague-Dawley rats using different commonly used anesthetics at routine doses through intraperitoneal administration： （1） diazepam/ketamine,     

MRI findings in osmotic myelinolysis

OBJECTIVES: Osmotic myelinolysis is a distinctive clinical syndrome with characteristic CT and MR features. This study was undertaken to determine the MR appearance of these lesions on T1 and T2-weighted, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences with apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We describe six patients who presented with deranged serum sodium levels and subsequently developed osmotic myelinolysis. CT and MRI scans were retrospectively reviewed, including the advanced functional MR sequence of DWI with ADC mapping. RESULTS: Both cerebral white matter and pontine lesions were typically hypo and hyper-intense on T1 and T2W sequences respectively. Lesions were mildly hyperintense on isotropic DWI images with elevation of the ADC. CONCLUSION: MRI is superior to CT in depicting lesions in osmotic myelinolysis. DWI with ADC mapping suggests that osmotic myelinolysis is not simply a demyelinating disorder but has similarities to multiple sclerosis.