致倦库蚊有机磷抗性相关扩增酯酶B基因的多样性

本实验从佛山和成都两地的致倦库蚊群体中筛选出３个酯酶类型不同的有机磷（ＯＰ）抗性品系，ＦＳ－１、ＦＳ－２和ＣＤ－１品系。各品系的酯酶基因Ｂ扩增水平、酯酶活性和ＯＰ抗性水平三者一致。各品系酯酶Ｂ基因限制性酶切片段比较分析表明，我国的ＯＰ抗生库蚊群体中不仅有世界性分布的酯酶Ｂ１和Ｂ２，而且在佛山和成都地区各有一个新的独立扩增的酯酶Ｂ，分别命名为Ｂ６和Ｂ７。     

亚胺培南/西司他丁与头孢他啶治疗中、重度细菌感染疗效费用分析比较研究

对我院４５例确诊为中、重度细菌感染住院患者进行了亚胺培南／西司他丁与头孢他啶疗效费用分析比较研究。结果表明：２组病例有效率、死亡率无显著性差异；头孢他啶组较亚胺培南／西司他丁组疗程明显延长。亚胺培南／西司他丁每日所需费用明显高于头孢他啶；治疗结束时，前者全部费用并未超过后者；全部住院费用无明显差异。作者认为：决定２种药物全部费用的因素，除与药物单价和每日费用有关，还与药物疗程密切相关。选用药物抗菌作用越强，用药时间即相应缩短，住院时间必然缩短；最终患者住院费用降低     

Transformation of immortal, non-tumorigenic osteoblast-like human osteosarcoma cells to the tumorigenic phenotype by nickel sulfate

Epidemiological studies have indirectly linked compounds ofchromium, nickel and arsenic to human carcinogenesis. However,there is no evidence that metal compounds can transform humancells to the tumorigenic phenotype in culture. We show herethat exposure to 36 µM NiS0₄ for 48–96 h resultsin transformation of an immortal, non-tumorigenic, osteoblast-likecell line, HOS TE85, to the tumorigenic phenotype. Continuouspassaging following treatment leads to the formation of a fewdense foci. The cells isolated and expanded from the foci aremorphologically transformed, and form anchorage-independentcolonies of the size and abundance comparable to that formedby Kirsten murine sarcoma virus transformed HOS TE85 cells.The transformed cells from tumors in nude mice, have enhancedlevels of plasminogen activators and have lost the ability toform model bone matrix on extended culture in the presence ofascorbic acid and ß-glycerophosphate. A number ofcell lines have been established from nude mouse tumors. Cytogeneticanalysis reveals 16 marker chromosomes and an aberrant chromosome16. This is the first report of the transformation of a humancell line to tumorigenic phenotype by a metal carcinogen.     

Toluene vapor exposure and urinary excretion of hippuric acid among workers in China.

A factory survey was conducted in three provinces in China from 1985 to 1989. The time-weighted average toluene concentrations in breathing zone air were monitored by diffusive sampling, whereas hippuric acid (HA) concentrations in shift-end urine samples were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Exposed workers (456 men and women) were those for whom toluene (up to 548 ppm toluene) accounted for greater than or equal to 90% of total exposure (by vapor concentration in ppm), whereas 517 nonexposed controls were recruited from the same factories or from factories of the same region. There was a linear correlation between the intensity of toluene exposure and HA concentration in the shift-end urine. Comparison of the results with findings in the literature shows that the toluene-induced increase in urinary HA concentration among workers in China is significantly smaller than the published values, whereas HA concentrations in urine samples from nonexposed controls are comparable to the levels previously reported.     

微机矩阵算法程序在屈光学计算中的应用

本文介绍了一种应用微机BASIC语言的屈光学矩阵算法程序,可方便、迅速地解决许多眼科屈光学计算问题,如共轴球面折射系统、共轴球面反射、折射系统、球、柱镜偏心棱镜效应计算和散光柱镜系统的斜交球、柱镜组合计算等等。     

精神发育迟滞儿童特殊教育三年随访

采用Ｈ－ＮＴＬＡ量表及婴儿～初中学生社会生活能力量表对太原市一个培智学校４４例精神发育迟滞患儿从１９８９～１９９２年连续４次测查智力，２次测查适应行为。结果显示３年间ＩＱ值变化无显著统计学意义，但视觉联想、概念关系、注意力及视觉识知能力有明显提高。患儿适应行为明显提高。经多元逐步回归分析显示，精神发育迟滞儿童智商的提高和母亲文化程度较高、患儿智力低下程度较轻、母亲职业为科技或行政管理人员、患儿初始教育年龄早呈正相关。     

甲壳素制备工艺改进——天然甲壳素的提取

甲壳素制备工艺改进为统一常温进行,操作简便,产品相对收率提高5～10％,同时降低了能耗、机械要求强度、劳动保护条件和生产成本,并经热分析说明产品维持了甲壳素的天然特性,即分子中每结构单元含有1/2分子缔合水,是天然的甲壳素产品并有益于其脱乙酰化物──壳聚糖质量的提高。     

甾体避孕药不增加血栓栓塞性疾病危险(病例对照研究)

本文采用1:3病例对照研究方法,对甾体避孕药的使用与血栓栓塞性疾病(急性心肌梗塞、脑栓塞、脑血栓形成和深静脉血栓形成)间的关联进行多因素分析。结果提示在我国广泛应用的甾体避孕药(主要为国产Ⅰ号避孕药)并不增加血栓栓塞性疾病的危险性。用药和停药时间的长短与血栓栓塞性疾病的发生无关,并与高血压病之间亦不存在协同作用。     

对药品市场营销中代理环节监督管理的思考

随着我国药品分销市场的对外放开,传统的批发零售经营方式发生了根本变化,代理配送制将成为医药流通的主要方式.药监工作人员要准确掌握药品分销市场的现状及发展趋势,抓好药品市场营销中代理环节的监督管理.