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11.
Patterson Thomas L.; Sallis James F.; Nader Philip R.; Kaplan Robert M.; Rupp Joan W.; Atkins Catherine J.; Senn Karen L. 《Journal of pediatric psychology》1989,14(2):277-292
A number of studies have demonstrated that physiological andbehavioral cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors aggregatewithin families. This fact, and the potential mediating rolethat the family plays in behavior change, have led to the developmentof family-based CVD risk reduction programs, including the SanDiego Family Health Project. The aggregation of behavioral,physiological, and cognitive changes within families was assessedduring a 1-year intervention. We found evidence of modest butsignificant aggregation of change. There was more aggregationof change in behavioral variables than in physiological or cognitivevariables. More significant correlations were found among 3-dayfood record measures than among 24-hour recall dietary measures,suggesting an influence of assessment method. Aggregation ofchange within families was stronger within generations thanacross generations. These data point to the importance of involvingall age groups in health promotion programs. 相似文献
12.
Differential pattern of DNA-aneuploidy in human malignancies 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Th Büchner W Hiddemann B Wörmann B Kleinemeier J Schumann W Göhde J Ritter K.-M Müller DB von Bassewitz A Roessner E Grundmann 《Pathology, research and practice》1985,179(3):310-317
The differential pattern of DNA-aneuploidy, detected by flow cytometry (FCM) regarding its frequency, grade and multiclonality, was investigated and correlated to tumor type, malignancy grade, tumor stage and prognosis in a multi-institutional study at the University of Münster. High resolution measurements using admixed normal blood reference cells were undertaken in 2413 cases of 13 different malignant diseases and in 776 benign lesions or samples. The incidence of DNA-aneuploidy was highest in melanomas, carcinomas, testicular tumors, sarcomas (75%-95%) and myelomas (65%). Acute leukemias showed an intermediate DNA-aneuploidy rate of 40% with special subgroups represented by common ALL (44%), p less than 0.05) and myelomonocytic/monocytic AML (47%, p less than 0.01). The lowest DNA-aneuploidy-rate was found in basal cell skin carcinomas (19%) and congenital melanocytic nevi (9%). No case of DNA-aneuploidy was observed in the 776 benign lesions or samples.--DNA-indices giving the grade of DNA-aneuploidy with 1.0 for normal diploid G1/0 cells were found distributed predominantly between 1.0 and 2.0 in the solid tumors, except testicular tumors, clustering around a triploid maximum at 1.5. DNA-indices of myelomas and acute leukemias generally ranged below 1.25 with lower DNA-aneuploidy grades in AML than in ALL (p less than 0.01).--In melanomas the aneuploidy rate was higher (86%) in metastases than in the primary tumors (54%, p = 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) 相似文献
13.
There continues to be no consensus definition of executive functions. One way to understand different executive function components is to study abilities at their emergence, that is, early in development, and use advanced statistical methods to understand the interrelations among executive processes. However, to fully determine the constructs of interest, these methods often require complete data on a large battery of tasks, which are difficult to obtain with young children. Path analysis is an alternative statistical technique that requires only a single measure of each construct, yet still allows researchers to investigate complex relations among measures, to compare nested models, and to compare model fit across groups. Therefore, 117 preschool children (ages 2 years 8 months to 6 years 0 months) completed several executive function tasks. Path analysis was used to determine the relations between complex problem solving and working memory, inhibition, and set shifting processes. The best-fitting model included paths from working memory and inhibition to problem solving, and a correlation between working memory and inhibition. Interestingly, in younger children, inhibition was the strongest predictor of problem solving, whereas working memory contributed more strongly in older children. Suggestions for useful statistical methods to investigate the relations among executive functions in children are discussed. 相似文献
14.
J. Pietrzak R. Frei H. P. Senn C. Moroni 《European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases》1994,13(12):1079-1083
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was evaluated in the detection ofMycobacterium tuberculosis in comparison with direct microscopy and culture procedures including the standard radiometric system (Bactec). Amplified DNA fragments from clinical samples were analyzed by dot-blot and non-radioactive oligonucleotide hybridization techniques or by agarose gel electrophoresis. The results revealed nested PCR to be the method of choice. The combination of three culture methods could detectMycobacterium tuberculosis in only 79 % of PCR-positive cases. The mean time required to achieve a positive culture result was 17 days in contrast to the PCR method requiring only two to three days. The nested PCR assay provided rapid and reliable results allowing a definitive diagnosis particularly in a number of samples which were negative on culture. 相似文献
15.
Thomas Läubli Hans Mion Eduard Senn Carlo Thomas und Hans Zeier 《Sozial- und Pr?ventivmedizin》1985,30(4-5):278-279
Summary In 12 groups of office work questionnaire results reveal a high prevalence of backpains. A high keying rate is combined with increased armpains. An index postural discomfort is related to working conditions, work satisfaction, personality and others. In the group of flight reservation a longer stay in this department is combined with increased postural complaints. Movable keyboards are preferable to built-in ones.
Douleurs rheumatiques dans les employéé de bureau
Résumé Les résultats d'une interrogation par un questionnaire dans 12 collectifs d'employés de bureau montrent, que les douleurs dans le dos sont fréquentes. De plus, la prévalence des douleurs dans le bras est augmentée, lorsque le nombre de frappe est élevé. Un index Douleurs Rheumatique est correlé avec les examins de palpations, les conditions du travail, la satisfaction au travail, la personalité et avec d'autres facteurs. Dans le groupe Flugreservation la durée d'emploi est correlée avec la frequence des douleurs. Les claviers mobiles sont plus avantageux que des claviers fixes.相似文献
16.
17.
Zusammenfassung Die Palasma- und Leukocyten-Muramidaseaktivität wurde mittels der Lysoplate-Methode bei 82 Patienten, und zwar 52 Patienten mit hämatologischen Neoplasien, 15 mit Diabetes mellitus und 15 mit chronischen Leberaffektionen, bestimmt. Signifikant erhöhte Plasma-Muramidasewerte gegenüber der Norm wiesen Patienten mit chronischer myeloischer Leukämie (CML), lymphoretikulärem Sarkom, Diabetes mellitus und chronischen Leberaffektionen auf. Hohe Werte ergaben auch Proben der beiden Patienten mit akuter monocytärer Leukämie. Die Leukocyten-Muramidaseaktivität war bei den Krankheitsgruppen der chronischen lymphatischen (CLL) und chronischen myeloischen Leukämie (CML) sowie bei den chronischen Leberaffektionen signifikant erniedrigt. Die beiden Patienten mit akuter monocytärer Leukämie zeigten hohe Leukocyten-Muramidasewerte.Inaugural-Dissertation, genehmigt durch die Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Basel am 4. 12. 1971. 相似文献
18.
Osteosarcomatosis 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Hopper KD; Moser RP Jr; Haseman DB; Sweet DE; Madewell JE; Kransdorf MJ 《Radiology》1990,175(1):233-239
A review of the 690 cases of osteosarcoma in the radiographic file of the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology revealed 29 cases of "osteosarcomatosis" (multiple skeletal sites of osteosarcoma). Fifteen of these patients were 18 years old and under and manifested rapidly appearing, usually symmetric, sclerotic metaphyseal lesions. The remaining 14 patients were more than 18 years old and had fewer, asymmetric sclerotic lesions. In most patients (28 of 29), a radiographically dominant skeletal tumor was seen. Pulmonary metastases occurred in the majority of patients and were detected at the same time as the bone lesions. These 29 patients were studied with regard to demographic data and skeletal distribution and radiographic appearance of their lesions. As a result of the findings, a metastatic origin from a primary dominant osteosarcoma is favored over a multifocal origin as the basis for osteosarcomatosis. Osteosarcomatosis is more commonly encountered in the mature skeleton than has been previously recognized. 相似文献
19.
Biology
New treatment selection criteria will arise from molecular biology parameters of growth and treatment response, most probably coupled with the increasing use of initial chemotherapy and repeated minimally invasive surgery.Prevention
Secondary and hopefully also primary prevention of breast cancer will become more and more successful in the era of molecular genetics, and such interventions will be more directed to individuals and groups at defined higher risk.Surgery
Surgery will increasingly tend towards “minimally invasive surgery,” which favors not only cosmetics and quality of life, but also more appropriate imaging follow-up.Chemotherapy
Primary (preoperative) chemo- and endocrine therapy will become the standard initial form of breast cancer treatment, with the intent of down-staging of the tumors to allow later breast-conserving procedures, but also to use the tumor as a biological response parameter and hopefully also for better clinical outcome.Cost — Effectiveness
Economical parameters might become more and more decisive, as we will have to live with much more “evidence based medicine” and with much more restricted allocation of resources in the future. This might mean, that we will have to diligently develop more simple and cheaper, but not prognostically worse treatment strategies in years to come. More specifically: Do we still need all of the traditional steps in diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer in order to achieve the same results?Gain of Life
Finally in all of this, we have to make clearcut assumptions, supported also by society and people involved: How do we value “gained years of life” in breast cancer adjuvant and prevention trials? This certainly is not predominantly a medical or economical, but rather an ethical, social and political problem, which has to be finally answered by our socio-cultural environment, and not by doctors alone. 相似文献20.
A. Goldhirsch R. D. Gelber M. Castiglione A. O'Neill B. Thürlimann C.-M. Rudenstam J. Lindtner J. Collins J. Forbes D. Crivellari A. Coates F. Cavalli E. Simoncini M. F. Fey O. Pagani K. Price H.-J. Senn 《Annals of oncology》1997,8(8):751-756
Purpose: It has been postulated that breast cancer surgery performedduring the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle is associated with pooreroutcome.Patients and methods: We tested this hypothesis by evaluatingdisease-free survival (DFS) for 1033 premenopausal patients who receiveddefinitive surgery either during the follicular phase (n = 358) or theluteal phase (n = 675). All patients were enrolled in a randomized trialconducted between July 1986 and April 1993. All had node positive breastcancer and randomization was stratified by estrogen receptor (ER) status.All patients received at least three cycles of adjuvant cyclophosphamide,methotrexate, and 5-fluorouracil (CMF). The median follow-up was 60 months.Results: Patients who underwent definitive surgery for breast cancer inthe follicular phase had a slightly worse disease-free survival than thoseoperated on during the luteal phase (five-year DFS percentage: 53%versus 58%; hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval (CI),0.94–1.38; P = 0.20). The effect was significantly greater for thesubpopulation of 300 patients with ER-negative primaries (P = 0.02interaction effect; five-year DFS percentages 42% vs. 59%;hazard ratio 1.60; 95% CI, 1.12–2.25; P = 0.008). The effect oftiming of surgery diminished for analyses based on lesser surgicalprocedures, e.g., excisional biopsies. In particular, no effect of timingwas observed for fine needle aspiration procedures.Conclusions: Surgical procedures which are more extensive than a fineneedle aspiration biopsy might be associated with worse prognosis if conductedduring the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. This phenomenon was seenpredominantly for high risk breast cancer with low levels or no estrogenreceptors in the primary tumor. 相似文献