Cerebrovascular atherosclerosis in type III hyperlipidemia is modulated by variation in the Apolipoprotein A5 gene

Objective

Type III Hyperlipoproteinemia is a rare lipid disorder with a frequency of 1-5 in 5000. It is characterized by the accumulation of triglyceride rich lipoproteins and patients are at increased risk of developping atherosclerosis. Type III HLP is strongly associated with the homozygous presence of the ε2 allele of the APOE gene.However only about 10% of subjects with APOE2/2 genotype develop hyperlipidemia and it is therefore assumed that further genetic and environmental factors are necessary for the expression of disease. It has recently been shown that variation in the APOA5 gene is one of these co-factors. The aim of this study is to investigate the development of cerebrovascular atherosclerosis in patients with Type III hyperlipoproteinemia (Type III HLP) and the role of variation in the APOA5 gene as a risk factor.

Methods

60 patients with type III hyperlipidemia and ApoE2/2 genotype were included in the study after informed consent. The presence of cerebrovascular atherosclerosis was investigated using B-mode ultra-sonography of the carotid artery. Serum lipid levels were measured by standard procedures. The APOE genotype and the 1131T > C and S19W SNPs in the APOA5 gene and the APOC3 sstI SNP were determined by restriction isotyping Allele frequencies were determined by gene counting and compared using Fisher''s exact test. Continuous variables were compared using the Mann Whitney test. A p value of 0.05 or below was considered statistically significant. Analysis was performed using Statistica 7 software.

Results

The incidence of the APOA5 SNPs, -1131T > C and S19W and the APOC3 sstI SNP were determined as a potential risk modifier. After correction for conventional risk factors, the C allele of the 1131T > C SNP in the APOA5 gene was associated with an increased risk for the development of carotid plaque in patients with Type III HLP with an odds ratio of 3.69. Evaluation of the genotype distribution was compatible with an independent effect of APOA5.

Conclusions

The development of atherosclerosis in patients with Type III HLP is modulated by variation in the APOA5 gene.     

碳酸氢钠注射液的质量研究

目的：验证新生产的碳酸氢钠注射液是否符合质量标准、达到上市销售要求。方法：按照碳酸氢钠注射液的质量标注,进行一系列的质量研究。结果：碳酸氢钠注射液的各项指标均达到要求。结论：新生产的碳酸氢钠注射液符合质量标准,允许上市销售。     

可变性红斑角化病1例

患者男,2岁。面部及腋下红斑1.5年。皮肤科情况:面部、颈部、双腋下及躯干部淡褐色角化过度性斑片,双手足角化过度,轻度脱屑。皮损组织病理示:表皮角化过度,棘层轻度肥厚,真皮浅层毛细血管周围少量以淋巴细胞为主的细胞浸润。诊断:可变性红斑角化症。     

Expansion of mesenchymal stem cells using a microcarrier-based cultivation system: growth and metabolism

For the continuous and fast expansion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), microcarriers have gained increasing interest. The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth and metabolism profiles of MSCs, expanded in a microcarrier-based cultivation system. We investigated various cultivation conditions to expand goat mesenchymal stem cells on Cytodex 1 microcarriers. These conditions differed in feeding regime, i.e. the addition of fresh proliferation medium, with or without new microcarriers. For all conditions, cell attachment, cell proliferation, energy source consumption, metabolite production, and cell distribution on the microcarriers were studied. Attachment efficiencies of 40% were obtained followed by successful expansion up to 15 cultivation days. Depending on the feeding regime, an exponential growth, stationary growth, and decline growth phase could be distinguished. Addition of 30% fresh medium containing microcarriers every three days showed the longest continuous proliferation of goat MSCs on microcarriers. This feeding regime has the advantage that metabolites, such as ammonia, are diluted and that new energy sources, such as glucose and glutamine, and additional surface area are provided to the cells. In addition, by adding extra microcarriers a more homogenous cell distribution on the microcarriers is obtained as a result of bead-to-bead transfer. A correlation between nutrient consumption, metabolite production and cell growth was observed. The decreasing yield of lactate from glucose over time indicated a possible shift in cellular metabolism.     

心电图自动诊断系统的研制

利用数字信号处理和波形识别技术,对心电图的QRS波、P波、T波的时段时间了计算机的自动检测并对室性期前收缩等15种异常心电进行自动诊断。打印输出相应的诊断报告。为了检验本系统的稳定性和可信度,利用美国麻省理工学院的MIT－BIH数据库对本文所使用的方法进行了检测,取得了较好的效果。     

阿托伐他汀10mg与辛伐他汀20mg对2型糖尿病合并血脂异常的藏族患者降脂疗效及炎性指标比较

目的 评价阿托伐他汀10 mg和辛伐他汀20 mg对2型糖尿病合并血脂异常的藏族患者降脂疗效和对血清高敏C反应蛋白( hs-CRP)的影响。方法 选择2型糖尿病合并血脂异常的藏族患者70例,按随机数字表法分为阿托伐他汀10 mg组和辛伐他汀20mg组,每组35例。治疗前和治疗后4周分别测定总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇( LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)、载脂蛋白B(ApoB)、白细胞(WBC)计数、空腹血糖(FBG)和hs-CRP水平,并观察两组的不良反应。结果 治疗后4周,两组TC、LDL-C、ApoB均较治疗前显著下降(P＜0.01)。阿托伐他汀10 mg组治疗后4周TG水平较治疗前显著降低[(1.39±0.63) mmol/L比(1.95±1.62) mmol/L,P＜0.05],而辛伐他汀20 mg组治疗后4周TG水平有下降趋势但差异无统计学意义[(1.72±0.32)nnol/L比(1.93±0.83) mmol/L,P＞0.05]。两组治疗后hs-CRP水平均较治疗前显著降低,阿托伐他汀10mg组hs-CRP水平降低幅度大于辛伐他汀20mg组（40.51％比35.34％）,差异有统计学意义(P＜ 0.05)。逐步回归分析表明,hs-CRP水平的降低独立于降脂效果,仅与他汀种类相关（标准化回归系数=-0.384,P=0.022）。结论 辛伐他汀20 mg对于血清TC和LDL-C水平的降低作用与阿托伐他汀10 mg相当,两种他汀类药物均可降低藏族2型糖尿病患者hs-CRP水平,阿托伐他汀疗效略优于辛伐他汀。     

盐酸安非他酮缓释片治疗抑郁症的Ⅱ期临床研究

目的 评价盐酸安非他酮缓释片治疗轻中度抑郁症的临床疗效和安全性。方法 对符合《CCMD》勘抑郁症诊断标准的66例抑郁症患者进行盐酸安非他酮缓释片和氟西汀的对照研究，其中盐酸安非他酮缓释片组34例（300mg／d），氟西汀组32例（20mg／d），共治疗6周。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD），汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA），临床总体评定量表（CGI）评定临床疗效，副反应量表（Tess）评定不良反应。结果经6w治疗后，盐酸安非他酮缓释片治疗总有效率为76．47％，氟西汀组为75．00％，两组比较。差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。两组的HAMD，HAMA评分治疗前后相比较差异有高度显著性（P〈0．01）。不良反应分析，两组药物不良反应的发生率无显著性差异（P〉0．05），常见的不良反应有恶心、口干、头昏、失眠、出汗、食欲减退、便秘等。结论 盐酸安非他酮缓释片治疗抑郁症安全有效。