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11.
Solid-phase radioimmunoassay for the measurement of surface antigens expressed on intact lymphocytes
A solid-phase radioimmunoassay was developed for the measurement of lymphocyte surface antigens. The assay was performed in microplates, using cells that were initially fixed to the wells by air drying. The method was used for the measurement of Thy-1, Lyt-1,2,3, IL-2-R, H-2Kb and DR antigens on the surface of mouse thymus, spleen and bone marrow cells, mouse cell lines CTLL, EL-4 and DA-1 and human thymocytes and consisted of sequential incubations with rat or mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against the above antigens, rabbit anti-rat or goat anti-mouse IgG and 125I-protein A. The assay permits the processing of large numbers of samples, is easy to perform, reliable and highly specific. 相似文献
12.
The advent of tourniquets employing digital technology has led to significant improvements in the safety and accuracy of surgical procedures performed with an occlusive cuff applied proximally on a limb. This article describes the evaluation of new cuffs used on fingers that may permit significantly lower pressures to be more safely and consistently employed. Our experimental studies would suggest that finger occlusion pressure is a function of cuff design, cuff width, finger circumference, and systolic blood pressure. 相似文献
13.
Beigel R Hod H Fefer P Asher E Novikov I Shenkman B Savion N Varon D Matetzky S 《The American journal of cardiology》2011,(3):339-342
Aspirin failure, defined as occurrence of an acute coronary syndrome despite aspirin use, has been associated with a higher cardiovascular risk profile and worse prognosis. Whether this phenomenon is a manifestation of patient characteristics or failure of adequate platelet inhibition by aspirin has never been studied. We evaluated 174 consecutive patients with acute myocardial infarction. Of them, 118 (68%) were aspirin naive and 56 (32%) were regarded as having aspirin failure. Platelet function was analyzed after ≥72 hours of aspirin therapy in all patients. Platelet reactivity was studied by light-transmitted aggregometry and under flow conditions. Six-month incidence of major adverse coronary events (death, recurrent acute coronary syndrome, and/or stroke) was determined. Those with aspirin failure were older (p = 0.002), more hypertensive (p <0.001), more hyperlipidemic (p <0.001), and more likely to have had a previous cardiovascular event and/or procedure (p <0.001). Cumulative 6-month major adverse coronary events were higher in the aspirin-failure group (14.3% vs 2.5% p <0.01). Patients with aspirin failure had lower arachidonic acid-induced platelet aggregation (32 ± 24 vs 45 ± 30, p = 0.003) after aspirin therapy compared to their aspirin-naive counterparts. However, this was not significant after adjusting for differences in baseline characteristics (p = 0.82). Similarly, there were no significant differences in adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation and platelet deposition under flow conditions. In conclusion, our results suggest that aspirin failure is merely a marker of higher-risk patient profiles and not a manifestation of inadequate platelet response to aspirin therapy. 相似文献
14.
Choanal atresia, a congenital narrowing or obstruction of the nasal airway caused by significant respiratory distress in neonates, may require emergency intervention. Although atresia can be repaired surgically, restenosis is a common complication with this procedure. To prevent this, tubes are inserted into the nasal cavity immediately after surgery. This article describes a technique for preparing individual surgical splints designed to prevent postsurgical obstruction of the nasal cavity. 相似文献
15.
Opinion statement
相似文献
– | In this new era of managed care, the emphasis has been on the reduction of intensivecare stay after coronary artery bypass surgery. “Fast-track” or rapid weaning protocols have become increasingly popular due to evidence that shows their cost-effectiveness and safety. With new advances in surgical and anesthetic techniques, the goal is often to have patients extubated within 4 to 6 hours upon arrival in the intensive-care unit. Patients who are not candidates for the fast-track protocol are often those who either have poor respiratory function and a large A-a gradient or those who have hemodynamic instability from poor cardiac function after bypass. These patients need more intensive care and more traditional weaning from mechanical ventilation. Those that are not able to wean from the mechanical ventilator within a few weeks are candidates for tracheostomy in order to avoid complications from prolonged endotracheal intubation and to improve pulmonary toilet. |
– | The treatment of perioperative low cardiac output syndrome is another goal after bypass surgery. Poor cardiac function can be managed with a variety of vasopressor and inotropic agents based on what the suspected derangement is from clinical examination and hemodynamic measurements (eg, low preload, low cardiac index, high or low systemic vascular resistance). |
– | Another modality that has been shown to have benefit on reducing hospital stay and costs is prophylaxis for atrial fibrillation, which may occur in 40% of patients who undergo bypass surgery and in 60% of those who undergo valve replacement surgery. Beta-blockers and amiodarone have both been found to be effective as prophylaxis against postoperative atrial fibrillation. |
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17.
Establishment of a rat long-term culture expressing the osteogenic phenotype: dependence on dexamethasone and FGF-2 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Rat stromal bone-marrow cells cultured in the presence of dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, beta-glycerophosphate, and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) express the osteogenic phenotype (Pitaru et al., J. Bone Miner. Res. 8:919-929, 1993). The purpose of this study was to establish a long-term homogeneous culture expressing the osteogenic phenotype. The cultures were routinely passaged every 5 days in the absence or presence of either or both dexamethasone and FGF-2, and the cumulative doubling number and the expression of the osteogenic phenotype were determined. Cultures treated with dexamethasone (10(-7) M) ceased proliferation and only upon addition of FGF-2 (3 ng/ml) was a spontaneous immortalization achieved, as expressed by sustained proliferation for about 1 year, with a doubling time of 22 h and more than 300 doublings in 72 passages. Both FGF-2 and dexamethasone are required and act synergistically to maintain cell propagation, alkaline phosphatase expression, and osteocalcin secretion; however, protein content was FGF-2 dependent and the mineralization was dexamethasone dependent. Repetitive single-cell cloning tested the homogeneity and stability of the cells expressing the osteogenic phenotype in these long-term cultures. It was shown that 25% to 50% of subclones derived from clones with an osteogenic phenotype do not further express the osteogenic phenotype. In conclusion, we have established a spontaneously immortalized dexamethasone- and FGF-2-dependent rat stromal bone-marrow-derived long-term culture expressing the osteogenic phenotype. The cultures tend to lose the osteogenic phenotype, and dexamethasone supports the long-term preservation of the osteogenic phenotype. 相似文献
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19.
Treatment of delirium in older adults with quetiapine 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by impairment of consciousness, changes in cognition, or perceptual disturbances. In addition, delirium is often accompanied by delusions, hallucinations, and agitation. In this study, 12 older patients with delirium were treated for neuropsychiatric symptoms with quetiapine. The mean duration for stabilization was 5.91 +/- 2.22 days, and the mean dose was 93.75 +/- 23.31 mg/day. None of the 12 patients developed extrapyramidal symptoms. There were significant improvements on all measures used in this study. Interestingly, the Delirium Rating Scale scores along with scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination and Clock Drawing Test continued to improve throughout the 3-month study period. In our study, we found that quetiapine was a safe and effective treatment in hospitalized older patients with delirium. 相似文献
20.
Salai M Segal E Cohen I Dudkiewicz I Farzame N Pitaru S Savion N 《The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume》2001,83(6):912-915
Colchicine is often used in the treatment of diseases such as familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and gout. We have previously reported that patients with FMF who had colchicine on a daily basis and who had a total hip arthroplasty showed no heterotopic ossification after surgery. The mechanism by which colchicine causes this clinical phenomenon has never been elucidated. We therefore evaluated the effect of various concentrations of colchicine on cell proliferation and mineralisation in tissue culture, using rat and human cells with and without osteogenic potential. Cell proliferation was assessed by direct cell counts and uptake of (3H)thymidine, and mineralisation by measuring the amount of staining by Alizarin Red. Our findings indicate that concentrations of colchicine of up to 3 ng/ml did not affect cell proliferation but inhibition was observed at 10 to 30 ng/ml. Mineralisation decreased to almost 50%, which was the maximum inhibition observed, at concentrations of colchicine of 2.5 ng/ml. These results indicate that colchicine at low concentrations, of up to 3 ng/ml, has the capacity to inhibit selectively bone-like cell mineralisation in culture, without affecting cell proliferation. Further clinical and laboratory studies are necessary to evaluate the effects of colchicine on biological processes involving the proliferation of osteoblasts and tissue mineralisation in vivo, such as the healing of fractures, the formation of heterotopic bone and neoplastic bone growth. 相似文献