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排序方式: 共有1324条查询结果,搜索用时 17 毫秒
131.
Torres IL Fürstenau CR Rossi G Dallegrave E Dallegrave G Stenzel B Dantas G Battastini AM Sarkis JJ Ferreira MB 《European journal of pharmacology》2007,560(2-3):212-215
The effect of methylprednisolone on the hydrolysis of adenine nucleotides by rat blood serum enzymes was studied. Adult male Wistar rats were submitted to three different treatments with synthetic steroid methylprednisolone: one dose of 50 mg/kg, i.p. (acute); or oral doses of 6 mg/kg dissolved in drinking water for 15 (sub-chronic) or 30 (chronic) days. Decreased ADP hydrolysis was observed after acute and sub-chronic treatments. Furthermore, ATP, ADP and AMP hydrolysis decreased after chronic treatment. These alterations may constitute one of the mechanisms that mediate the development of some of the side effects associated with corticosteroid use. 相似文献
132.
Lattermann R Wykes L Eberhart L Carli F Meterissian S Schricker T 《Regional anesthesia and pain medicine》2007,32(3):227-232
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The goal of the present study was to investigate whether epidural analgesia exerts a protein-sparing effect after colorectal surgery in the presence of hypocaloric glucose supply initiated with surgical skin incision. METHODS: We randomly allocated 10 patients to receive general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia with bupivacaine, followed by epidural analgesia using bupivacaine/fentanyl, and 10 patients to receive general anesthesia, followed by patient-controlled analgesia with intravenous morphine. All patients received a 48-hour infusion of glucose 10% from surgical skin incision until the second day after surgery. The glucose infusion rate provided 50% of the patient's resting energy expenditure. Kinetics of protein and glucose metabolism were assessed by a stable-isotope tracer technique (L-[1-(13)C]leucine and [6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose). RESULTS: The rate of appearance of leucine increased in the intravenous-analgesia group (112 +/- 29 to 130 +/- 25 micromol/kg/h) 2 days after surgery, and this increase was more pronounced than in the epidural analgesia group (preoperative 120 +/- 24, postoperative 123 +/- 22 micromol/kg/h, P < .05). Leucine oxidation rate increased in the intravenous analgesia group from 17 +/- 8 to 23 +/- 8 micromol/kg/h and in the epidural group from 17 +/- 6 to 19 +/- 7 micromol/kg/h without the difference between the groups reaching statistical significance (P = .067). Nonoxidative leucine disposal remained unaltered in both groups. No differences in glucose metabolism were seen between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Epidural analgesia inhibits the increase in whole-body protein breakdown in patients receiving perioperative hypocaloric glucose infusion initiated with surgical skin incision. However, oxidative protein loss, protein synthesis, and glucose metabolism are not affected by epidural analgesia. 相似文献
133.
134.
W Oh DK Stevenson JE Tyson BH Morris CE Ahlfors G Jesse Bender RJ Wong R Perritt BR Vohr KP Van Meurs HJ Vreman A Das DL Phelps T Michael O’Shea RD Higgins 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》2010,99(5):673-678
Objectives: To assess the influence of clinical status on the association between total plasma bilirubin and unbound bilirubin on death or adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18–22 months corrected age in extremely low birth weight infants. Method: Total plasma bilirubin and unbound bilirubin were measured in 1101 extremely low birth weight infants at 5 ± 1 days of age. Clinical criteria were used to classify infants as clinically stable or unstable. Survivors were examined at 18–22 months corrected age by certified examiners. Outcome variables were death or neurodevelopmental impairment, death or cerebral palsy, death or hearing loss, and death prior to follow‐up. For all outcomes, the interaction between bilirubin variables and clinical status was assessed in logistic regression analyses adjusted for multiple risk factors. Results: Regardless of clinical status, an increasing level of unbound bilirubin was associated with higher rates of death or neurodevelopmental impairment, death or cerebral palsy, death or hearing loss and death before follow‐up. Total plasma bilirubin values were directly associated with death or neurodevelopmental impairment, death or cerebral palsy, death or hearing loss, and death before follow‐up in unstable infants, but not in stable infants. An inverse association between total plasma bilirubin and death or cerebral palsy was found in stable infants. Conclusions: In extremely low birth weight infants, clinical status at 5 days of age affects the association between total plasma bilirubin and death or adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18–22 months of corrected age. An increasing level of UB is associated a higher risk of death or adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes regardless of clinical status. Increasing levels of total plasma bilirubin are directly associated with increasing risk of death or adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in unstable, but not in stable infants. 相似文献
135.
Background
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), a popular class of antidepressants, may increase breast cancer risk by stimulating the secretion of prolactin, a potential tumour promoter. We evaluated the effects of duration of SSRI use, cumulative dose, and latency on the risk of breast cancer by conducting a population-based case-control study utilizing Saskatchewan health databases. 相似文献136.
137.
Stimulus generalization of fear responses: effects of auditory cortex lesions in a computational model and in rats 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Armony JL; Servan-Schreiber D; Romanski LM; Cohen JD; LeDoux JE 《Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)》1997,7(2):157-165
The conditioning of fear responses to a simple acoustic stimulus (pure
tone) paired with footshock can be mediated by the transmission of auditory
information to the lateral nucleus of the amygdala from either the auditory
thalamus or the auditory cortex. We examined the processing capacity of the
thalamo-amygdala pathway by making lesions of the auditory cortex and
testing the extent to which conditioned fear responses generalized to tones
other than the one paired with footshock. Two studies were performed, one
in an anatomically constrained computational model of the fear conditioning
network and the other in rats. Stimulus generalization was unaffected in
both. These findings support the validity of the model as an approach to
studying the neural basis of conditioned fear learning, and in addition
suggest that the thalamo-amygdala pathway, possibly by the use of
population coding, is capable of performing at least crude stimulus
discriminations.
相似文献
138.
139.
NP Stocks DipPH FRACGP FAFPHM JE Hiller PhD MPH BA DipSocStuds H Newland FRACS FRACO MPH 《Clinical & experimental ophthalmology》1997,25(2):125-131
Background: Australia is a developed country, However; Aboriginal Australians have rates of blindness comparable to Third World countries. There have been well-funded eye health programs for 15 years in Central Australia. This paper examines if there has been an improvement in visual disability of one traditional group of Aboriginal Australians. Methods: Results from an eye health survey of the Anangu Pitjantjatjara of South Australia in 1990 are presented. These data are compared with results for ‘blindness’ and ‘poor vision’ from a national survey undertaken in 1976. The two surveys were comparable in design, both were cross-sectional population-based prevalence surveys. Prevalence rates were adjusted for the size of the source population. Results: Young rural Aboriginal Australians have good visual acuity. Low vision and blindness (WHO definitions) occur in 19.6% and 10.4% of 60+ year olds, respectively. Women were more likely than men to be blind or have low vision (OR= 1.93; 1.06-3.58). There was a decline in ‘poor vision’ between surveys (OR=2.86; 1.86-4.75) but not in ‘blindness’. Conclusion: Although there has been a reduction in the prevalence of visual disability in rural Aboriginal Australians, improvements in the provision of eye care for the elderly need to occur. 相似文献
140.
A 59-year-old white woman with temporal arteritis developed progressive renal failure. Renal biopsy results showed focal and segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis; furthermore, giant cells were present in the destructed vessel walls. Immunosuppressive therapy did not prevent terminal renal failure. This case shows that renal involvement may be a feature of temporal arteritis. 相似文献