90例防盲小切口白内障体会

目的：探讨经角膜缘后2mm“一字形”巩膜隧道切口行小切口非超声乳化+人工晶体植入术,在防盲中的治疗效果及应用价值。方法在开展防盲工作中90例（90眼）白内障手术,做“一字形”巩膜隧道小切口,连续环形撕囊或截囊,水分离,用圈套器脱出晶状体核,注吸皮质,囊袋内植入人工晶状体,切口不予缝合。结果术后第一天裸眼视力≥0.3者52眼(57.8％),0.05-0.3者29眼(32.2％),≤0.05者9眼(10％)。术后一月裸眼视力≥0.3者74眼(82.2％),0.05-0.3者11眼(12.2％),≤0.05者5眼(5.6％)。术后三个月时裸眼视力≥0.3者83眼(92.2％),0.05-0.3者6眼(6.7％),≤0.05者1眼(1.1％)。术后1个月角膜散光为(1.30±0.47)D,术后3个月角膜散光为(0.82±0.52)D,与术前比较（0.8.±0.64D）差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论手法小切口自内障+人工晶体植入术,设备简单,易于掌握,手术费用低,疗效可靠。适合基层医院全面开展,是一种可行手术方式。     

Light Emitting Diodes Irradiation Regulates miRNA-877-3p to Promote Cardiomyocyte Proliferation

Mammalian cardiomyocytes (CMs) maintain a low capacity for self-renewal in adulthood, therefore the induction of CMs cycle re-entry is an important approach to promote myocardial repair after injury. Recently, photobiomodulation (PBM) has been used to manipulate physiological activities of various tissues and organs by non-invasive means. Here, we demonstrate that conditioned PBM using light-emitting diodes with a wavelength of 630 nm (LED-Red) was capable of promoting the proliferation of neonatal CMs. Further studies showed that low-power LED-Red affected the expression of miR-877-3p and promoted the proliferation of CMs. In contrast, silencing of miR-877-3p partially abolished the pro-proliferative actions of LED-Red irradiation on CMs. Mechanistically, GADD45g was identified as a downstream target gene of miR-877-3p. Conditioned LED-Red irradiation also inhibited the expression of GADD45g in neonatal CMs. Moreover, GADD45g siRNA reversed the positive effect of LED-Red on the proliferation of neonatal CMs. Taken together, conditioned LED-Red irradiation increased miR-877-3p expression and promoted the proliferation of neonatal CMs by targeting GADD45g. This finding provides a new insight into the role of LED-Red irradiation in neonatal CMs biology and suggests its potential application in myocardial injury repair.     

Hippo pathway monomerizes STAT3 to regulate prostate cancer growth

Prostate cancer ranks among the most commonly diagnosed malignancies for men and has become a non‐negligible threat for public health. Interplay between inflammatory factors and cancer cells renders inflammatory tissue environment as a predisposing condition for cancer development. The Hippo pathway is a conserved signaling pathway across multiple species during evolution that regulates tissue homeostasis and organ development. Nevertheless, whether Hippo pathway regulates cancer‐related inflammatory factors remains elusive. Here, we show that high cell density–mediated activation of the Hippo pathway blunts STAT3 activity in prostate cancer cells. Hippo pathway component MST2 kinase phosphorylates STAT3 at T622, which is located in the SH2 domain of STAT3. This phosphorylation blocks the SH2 domain in one STAT3 molecule to bind with the phosphorylated Y705 site in another STAT3 molecule, which further counteracts IL6‐induced STAT3 dimerization and activation. Expression of a nonphosphorylatable STAT3 T622A mutant enhances STAT3 activity and IL6 expression at high cell density and promotes tumor growth in a mice xenograft model. Our findings demonstrate that STAT3 is a novel phosphorylation substrate for MST2 and thereby highlight a regulatory cascade underlying the crosstalk between inflammation and the Hippo pathway in prostate cancer cells.     

Novel open-chain cytochalsins from the marine-derived fungus Spicaria elegans

Six novel open-chain cytochalasins (1-6) and one known [12]-cytochalasin (7) have been isolated from the fermentation broth of a marine-derived fungus, Spicaria elegans. Cytochalasins Z10-Z15 (1-6) are the first reported cytochalasins that contain an open chain to date. The structures of these new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxic effects on P388, A-549, HL-60, and BEL-7402 cell lines of all compounds were evaluated by the MTT method.     

KIT activation in uterine cervix adenosquamous carcinomas by KIT/SCF autocrine/paracrine stimulation loops

ObjectivesUterine adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is an uncommon, yet, one of the most aggressive cervical cancer subtype. The successful treatment of some tumors, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), by anti-KIT inhibitors fosters the study of this receptor tyrosine kinase in other malignancies. In the present study, we intended to molecularly characterize KIT in ASC.MethodsIn a series of 30 cases, we studied KIT (CD117), KIT phosphorylated / activated form, as well as KIT ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), by immunohistochemistry. We further screened for KIT hotspot mutations (exon 9, 11, 13 and 17) by PCR-SSCP and for KIT gene amplification by Quantitative real-time PCR in CD117 positive cases.ResultsWe observed CD117 expression in ～ 13% of cases, with ～ 7% co-expressing SCF, which resulted in KIT phosphorylation/activation. No KIT activating mutations or gene amplification were found, despite the presence of 4q aneuploidy in one case.ConclusionsThis is the first study assessing KIT activation and molecular alterations in a large series of rare ASC. Our findings showed the absence of KIT molecular alterations and suggested the presence of KIT activation in a small proportion of cases through KIT/SCF co-expression.     

家族性与散发性特发性震颤患者临床特征比较

目的比较家族性与散发性特发性震颤患者临床特征是否存在差异。方法临床确诊的ET患者88例,根据有无家族史,分为家族性ET和散发性ET。比较两组在性别、起病年龄、起病部位、震颤类型、震颤演变过程、最严重部位、是否对称、加重或减缓因素等方面的异同。结果家族性ET 45例和散发性ET 43例。家族性ET患者平均起病年龄早于散发性ET患者平均起病年龄[(33.48±18.87)岁vs(42.19±18.80)岁,P<0.05];两组间震颤类型及起病部位无明显差异;家族性ET患者震颤评分高于散发性者(4.34±2.22 vs 3.37±2.00,P<0.05)。家族性ET患者饮酒后震颤减轻或缓解明显高于散发性者(11/13 vs 4/10,P<0.05)。结论与散发性ET患者比较,家族性ET发病较早,进展较快,震颤较重,饮酒后震颤减轻更多。     

固尔苏与珂立苏治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征疗效的比较研究

目的: 评价猪肺表面活性物质(固尔苏)与牛肺表面活性物质(珂立苏)治疗早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome,RDS)的疗效和安全性?方法:对南京医科大学附属南京儿童医院新生儿重症监护室2007年1月~2009年7月收治的81例使用肺表面活性物质且进行机械通气的RDS患儿进行分析?81例RDS患儿分入两个组:固尔苏组(54例)和珂立苏组(27例)?分别气管插管给药,比较两组用药前后血气指标?机械通气参数?氧合指数?机械通气时间?用氧时间?住院时间和并发症?结果:用药24 h后两组患儿氧合及机械通气参数较用药前明显改善,差异有显著性意义(P均<0.05)?两组用药后的血气指数?机械通气时间?用氧时间?住院时间及并发症,包括动脉导管未闭(patent ductus arteriosus,PDA)?视网膜病变(retinopathy of prematurity,ROP)?坏死性小肠结肠炎(necrotizing enterocolitis,NEC)?气胸?肺出血和死亡发生率均无统计学差异?两组在治疗后都有持续的平均气道压(mean airway pressure,MAP)和氧合指数(oxygenation index,OI)改善,但起效速度有差别?固尔苏组在用药后的4 h内MAP和OI明显降低(P < 0.01),珂立苏在4~8 h内临床起效速度最快(P < 0.05)?结论:固尔苏与珂立苏在给药后的疗效及安全性相当?固尔苏起效速度较珂立苏快,应根据不同的起效速度及时合理调整呼吸机参数,减少并发症的发生?     

颅内血肿体积个人计算机测量方法

目的:研究个人计算机测量法对颅内血肿体积测量的价值.方法:40例不同类型的颅内血肿分别使用CT定量软件及个人计算机Photoshop CS3 Extented软件测量其体积,分析不同方法的测量结果是否具有统计学意义.结果:个人计算机测量法与CT定量法所测颅内血肿体积差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:个人计算机测量...     

二叶式主动脉瓣中miRNA-195调控瓣膜钙化的机制研究

目的：探究二叶式主动脉瓣中miRNA-195调控瓣膜钙化的可能机制。方法：收集35例接受主动脉瓣置换术患者狭窄的二叶式或三叶式主动脉瓣,通过PCR及Western blot分别检测miRNA-195的表达量、果蝇母源抗皮肤生长因子（drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic 7,SMAD7）的mRNA及蛋白表达量。双荧光素酶法预测miRNA-195的靶基因。在猪瓣膜间质细胞中分别沉默和过表达miRNA-195,检测SMAD7的mRNA表达水平并探究两者的相互关系。在人类瓣膜组织上通过免疫组化染色检测基质金属蛋白酶（matrix metalloproteinase,MMP）-2、MMP-9蛋白水平,通过天狼星红染色检测胶原蛋白水平,通过Von Kossa染色比较钙化程度差异,进而研究钙化相关的功能改变。结果：与狭窄的三叶式主动脉瓣相比,狭窄的二叶式主动脉瓣中miRNA-195表达降低,SMAD7的mRNA和蛋白水平升高。双荧光素酶实验提示SMAD7是miRNA-195的直接靶标。在猪瓣膜间质细胞中沉默miRNA-195引起SMAD7 mRNA水平升高,过表达miRNA-195引起SMAD7 mRNA水平降低。狭窄钙化的二叶式主动脉瓣组织中MMP-2、MMP-9及胶原的表达较狭窄钙化的三叶式主动脉瓣升高。结论：在二叶式主动脉瓣中,下调的miRNA-195促进了SMAD7表达,进而促进细胞外基质的纤维化并最终促进其钙化。     

降低人工髋关节CT扫描金属伪影的探析

目的:探讨IMAR(Iterative Metal Artifact Reduction, IMAR)算法对降低人工髋关节病人术区金属伪影的作用.方法:26例髋关节植入患者纳入本次研究,采用西门子双源CT(Siemens, SOMATOM Perspective)进行成像,CT重建的管电压分别采用80kVp和130kVp.分别在人工髋关节周围的肌肉和骨骼内选取4个感兴趣区(ROI),在每个ROI内测定出相应的平均CT值,并在同一扫描层面上远离人工髋关节的肌肉和骨骼内分别选取4个ROI作为对照,在两种管电压情况下比较IMAR和常规FBP(filtered back projections, FBP)两种算法的CT值.结果:IMAR算法与FBP算法对周围及远端肌肉和骨骼的CT值在两种管电压下均有明显差异,有统计学意义(P<0.01),IMAR均显示更低的CT值.结论:采用IMAR算法较传统的FBP算法相比能够明显降低人工髋关节植入后造成的金属伪影,并且采用IMAR算法结合高管电压较低管电压降低金属伪影效果更好.