正常角膜基质细胞密度和角膜厚度的研究

目的观察Confoscan 2.0共焦显微镜下正常活体角膜影像表现,测量基质细胞密度与各层厚度.方法检查34例(48眼)正常人.记录图像,并计算基质细胞密度和各层厚度.结果基质细胞密度从前到后逐渐降低,前基质比后基质细胞密度明显增高(t=-9.016,P=0.000),Bowman膜下密度最高,为(1113.2±227)个/mm2.全基质细胞密度为(806.5±57)个/mm2.角膜中央厚度为(568.3±53.8)μm,基质层为(465.5±60.2)μm,上皮层为(58.5±20.4)μm.各层厚度均与全基质细胞密度无显著相关性(P＞0.05).结论Confoscan 2.0共焦显微镜能检测角膜基质细胞密度和各层厚度.     

口岸人员体重指数与心血管病危险因素聚集性关系探讨

目的探讨口岸人员体重指数(Body Mass Index-BMI)与心血管病危险因素聚集性的关系,为口岸工作人员预防和减少心血管病提供科学指导.方法对264名口岸工作人员的体检资料以体重指数为单因数作统计学的分析.结果在偏瘦、正常和肥胖体型间,男性甘油三脂(TG)、胆固醇(TC)和女性甘油三脂的水平有显著性差异(F值各为8.9、5.9、12.9,P＜0.01),血糖(GLU)男、女性组中均无显著性差异(F值各为0.9、0.3,P＞0.01).在血脂血糖异常检出率中,男性甘油三脂、胆固醇和女性甘油三脂的异常检出数在各组体重指数人数中有显著性差异(x2各为25.9、15.6、12.1,P＜0.01),血糖在男、女性组中无显著性差异(P值各为0.13、2.6,P＞0.01).高血压发生率在偏瘦、正常与肥胖体型者中差异较为明显(正常型为1.98%,肥胖型为5.17%).结论甘油三脂、胆固醇的水平与异常检出数和高血压的发生率均是随着体重指数升高而升高的.在多种心血管危险因素个体聚集性的比较中,男性肥胖者心血管危险因素发生的科学指导,有助于控制和减少心血管病的发生.     

Characterization of signal transduction and glucose transport in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients

We characterized metabolic and mitogenic signaling pathways in isolated skeletal muscle from well-matched type 2 diabetic and control subjects. Time course studies of the insulin receptor, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1/2, and phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase revealed that signal transduction through this pathway was engaged between 4 and 40 min. Insulin-stimulated (0.6-60 nmol/l) tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor beta-subunit, mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphorylation, and glycogen synthase activity were not altered in type 2 diabetic subjects. In contrast, insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and anti-phosphotyrosine-associated PI 3-kinase activity were reduced 40-55% in type 2 diabetic subjects at high insulin concentrations (2.4 and 60 nmol/l, respectively). Impaired glucose transport activity was noted at all insulin concentrations (0.6-60 nmol/l). Aberrant protein expression cannot account for these insulin-signaling defects because expression of insulin receptor, IRS-1, IRS-2, MAP kinase, or glycogen synthase was similar between type 2 diabetic and control subjects. In skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic subjects, IRS-1 phosphorylation, PI 3-kinase activity, and glucose transport activity were impaired, whereas insulin receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, MAP kinase phosphorylation, and glycogen synthase activity were normal. Impaired insulin signal transduction in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients may partly account for reduced insulin-stimulated glucose transport; however, additional defects are likely to play a role.     

Cell-cell adhesion molecules and signaling intermediates and their role in the invasive potential of prostate cancer cells

PURPOSE: The highly variable natural history of prostate carcinoma may be reflected in heterogeneity of invasive potential between tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We have examined two prostate cancer cell lines of low invasive potential (CAHPV10 and PZHPV7) and three cell lines of high invasive potential (DU-145, PC-3, LNCapFGC), to determine whether specific adhesion molecule profiles correlated with their invasive behavior. RESULTS: Using an in vitro invasion assay, we demonstrated that DU-145, LNCapFGC and PC-3 cells were highly invasive compared with CA-HPV-10 and PZ-HPV-7 cells. LNCapFGC cells expressed high levels of E-cadherin, alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin, desmoglein, desmoplakin and GSK3beta using immunoblotting. This was, in general, comparable to immunohistochemical staining. PC-3 cells had no E-cadherin or alpha-catenin, but expressed a high level of the HGF/SF receptor c-Met. In contrast, DU-145 cells were found to express E-cadherin and low levels for all other protein molecules, except c-Met. The DU-145 cell line also lacked alpha-catenin expression. In CA-HPV-10 and PZ-HPV-7 cells, there was no detection of APC, PECAM-1, P-cadherin or Wnt-1. DU-145, LNCapFGC and PC-3 cells formed cell-cell aggregates, which were reduced by inclusion of anti-E-cadherin antibody and the motogen HGF/SF. CONCLUSION: These results show that prostate cancer cells exhibit a diverse expression of cell-cell adhesion molecules and their signaling intermediates. The expression of these adhesion molecules bears an important relationship with the invasive phenotype of these cells.     

灯盏细辛注射液治疗脑梗死的疗效观察

目的 :观察灯盏细辛注射液治疗脑梗死的临床疗效与安全性。方法 :对46例脑梗死患者 ,随机单盲分为治疗组 (灯盏细辛注射液 )30例 ,对照组 (复方丹参注射液 )16例。结果 :治疗组、对照组治疗脑梗死的总有效率分别为90 0%和68 8%。疗效差异有显著性 (P<0 05)。结论 :灯盏细辛注射液治疗脑梗死比复方丹参注射液效果更好 ,且安全性较好 ,副作用少     

人巨细胞病毒感染对脐血巨核系祖细胞体外增殖的影响

目的　探讨人巨细胞病毒 (HCMV)对脐血巨核系祖细胞 (CFU Mk)体外增殖的影响及其机制。方法　采用造血祖细胞体外培养技术 ,观察、计数HCMV AD169感染的CFU Mk集落产率、抑制率、集落峰值及维持时间 ;并采用聚合酶链反应 (PCR)技术检测集落细胞内HCMV AD169DNA。结果　 1.HCMV AD169感染组集落产率较对照组明显减少 ,HCMV对CFU Mk集落的抑制程度与病毒滴度有关 ,集落产率随病毒感染滴度增高而减少 ,抑制率随病毒感染滴度增高而渐增加 ;各组集落峰值出现时间无明显差异 (P均 >0 .0 5 ) ,但各感染组集落维持时间明显短于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;2 .用PCR在集落细胞内检测到HCMV AD169DNA。结论　CFU Mk是HCMV的宿主细胞之一 ,HCMV能直接感染CFU Mk ;在体外HCMV AD169对CFU Mk的增殖和集落形成有明显抑制作用 ,此作用可能与临床HCMV感染后患者血小板减少有关     

反向点杂交快速检测流感嗜血杆菌

目的　研究以分子杂交为基础的流感嗜血杆菌 (Hi)的快速检测方法。方法　将Hi探针固定在尼龙膜上 ;用标记有地高辛的细菌通用引物聚合酶链反应 (PCR)扩增不同细菌DNA ,产物分别与点有探针的膜条杂交。结果　 8种细菌均扩增出 4 6 8bp目的带 ,而人白细胞及轮状病毒DNA扩增均阴性。 6株Hi杂交阳性 ,7株其他临床常见菌杂交结果阴性。结论　反向点杂交法简便、快速、准确 ,是检测Hi的一种理想方法。     

痰液细胞在哮喘患儿病程中的动态变化及意义

目的　观察哮喘患儿痰液细胞在病程不同时相的动态变化 ,探讨其在哮喘发病中的作用。方法　收集 2 5例哮喘患儿发作之初、病情好转以及病情缓解时期的痰液 ,比较哮喘病程不同时相之间以及不同时相与 10例正常儿童之间痰液细胞成分的差异。结果　哮喘急性发作初期痰液脱落上皮细胞明显增多 ,嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞与正常对照无明显差别 ;随着病情好转 ,脱落上皮细胞数显著下降 ,而嗜酸性粒细胞数和(或 )中性粒细胞数显著升高 ,淋巴细胞与正常对照仍无明显差别 ;当病情缓解时 ,脱落上皮细胞的数量接近正常对照 ,嗜酸性粒细胞和 (或 )中性粒细胞数也显著下降 ,而淋巴细胞明显增多。结论　上皮细胞脱落可能与哮喘急性发作有关 ;嗜酸性粒细胞或中性粒细胞除造成上皮细胞脱落外 ,可能还发挥促上皮细胞再生的有益作用 ,有助于病情的恢复 ;淋巴细胞可能在维持哮喘慢性气道炎症中发挥作用。     

妊娠期糖尿病孕妇与正常孕妇血清铬含量的研究

目的　通过对血清铬含量的测定 ,探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇是否缺铬。方法　 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 1年 ,选择妊娠期糖尿病孕妇 5 0例 ,正常孕妇 4 7例 ,以电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱法 (ICP AES)测定两组孕妇血清铬含量。结果　妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血清铬含量较正常孕妇明显降低 ,差异有显著性意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　建议妊娠期糖尿病孕妇适量补铬     

用示踪气体法评价和优选吸气罩

目的 在粉尘发生源处设置适用的局部吸气罩,可以有效地控制粉尘向周围扩散,是预防尘肺病发生的有效措施。为了提供适宜吸气罩的设计,使用了示踪气体法评价吸气罩的效率,对吸气罩的设计进行优选,以提高捕集效率和降低能耗。方法 建立示踪气体评价吸气罩效率的实验风道和方法,采用人工煤气作为示踪气体。结果 实验了长方形和无延伸挡板及有特殊延伸挡板的条缝形吸气罩在不同罩口风速下对示踪气体的捕集效率。导出了捕集效率和距离的关系方程式。实验结果表明:(1)吸气罩与污染源的距离和罩口风速对捕集效率有明显的影响。当罩口风速一定时。吸气罩越靠近污染源,捕集效率越高;而在同一距离上,罩口风速越大,捕集效率就越高。(2)有延伸挡板的条缝形吸气罩的捕集效率高于无延伸挡板条缝形吸气罩,前者采用较低的罩口风速(抽风量)可以得到相应的高捕集效率。结论 使用示踪气体对吸气罩进行优选的结果表明,通过改进吸气罩的形式可以降低所需风量并达到要求的效率,从而为减少通风设施的费用提供了一种重要途径。