我院平均住院日状况的调查分析

目的：通过对医院平均住院日情况的简要分析，以探索缩短平均住院日的有效途径。方法：从统计室提取数据，与病案核对，计算相对指标。结果：我院的平均住院日呈下降趋势，但与卫生部颁布的标准还有差距，中医各科和康复科科别的平均住院日更长一些。结论：我院的平均住院日还有潜力可挖，术前住院日多数病种都较长，应在医疗质量和护理质量上狠下功夫，加强科室间的协作，降低平均住院日，减少无效住院日。     

Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer在基因差异表达研究中的应用

目的：观察Agilent2100 Bioanalyzer芯片分析系统（以下简称Bioanalyzer）在基因差异表达研究中的应用。方法：应用限制性显示技术分别从正常和热休克处理后的酿酒酵母细胞中分离出cDNA片段，然后再用Bioanalyzer和传统的琼脂糖凝胶电泳技术对RD-PCR产物进行检测分析。结果：Bioanalyzer能更快速、敏感地分离和显示差异表达的基因片段，并且通过对差异片段进行定量比较，发现了数个表达有明显差异的基因片段。结论：Bioanalyzer在基因差异表达研究中具有重要的应用价值。     

烧伤病区连续3年医院感染调查分析

目的 研究烧伤病区医院感染的临床特点，以指导临床控制。方法 选择我院烧伤科2000～2002年连续3年住院患者的出院病历2253份，对该时段医院感染进行回顾性的调查、总结和分析。结果 2000～2002年连续3年烧伤病区医院感染率为10．21％，例次感染率为10，58％，漏报率为18．07％。结论 烧伤患者因为皮肤屏障破坏、免疫功能受损等因素，医院感染率高，特别需要加强控制，以降低医院感染率。     

阿片受体在异氟醚延迟预处理减轻兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的作用

Objective To investigate the role of opioid receptors in the protective effects of isoflurane-induced delayed preconditioning against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits. Methods Forty male New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2.0-2.5 kg were randomly assigned into 4 groups ( n = 10 each) : group I sham operation (S); group II I/R; group Ⅲ isoflurane + I/R (Iso) and group IV Iso + naloxone + I/R (Nal). Myocardial I/R was induced by 40 min occlusion of left anterior descending branch (LAD) of coronary artery followed by 120 min reperfusion. In group Ⅲ (Iso) 2% isoflurane in 100% O2 was inhaled for 2 h and I/R was produced 24 h later. In group IV (Nal) naloxone 6 mg/kg was given iv 10 min before 2 h of 2% isoflurane inhalation and I/R was produced 24 h later. At the end of 120 min reperfusion, infarct size (IS) and area at risk (AAR) were determined by Evan's blue and TTC staining. Myocardial ultrastructure was examined by electron microscopy. The phosphorylated p38MAPK protein expression in myocardium was determined by Western blot. Results The IS was significantly smaller in group Iso ( Ⅲ ) ( 19.7% ± 2.8%) than in I/R group ( II ) (37.8% ±1.7%) (P<0.05). The phosphorylated p38MAPK protein expression in myocardium was significantly lower in group Iso than in group I/R. Microscopic examination showed less myocardial damage in Iso group than in group I/R. The protective effects of delayed preconditioning by isoflurane was prevented by naloxone pretreatment. ConclusionOpioid receptors may be involved in the protective effects of delayed preconditioning by isoflurane against myocardial I/R injury.     

双向线性能量和负压控制及不旋转核技术在晶状体悬韧带脆弱的白内障超声乳化手术中的应用

目的探讨双向线性能量和负压控制及不旋转核技术在晶状体悬韧带脆弱的白内障超声乳化手术中应用的临床效果。方法对220例(233只眼)悬韧带脆弱的白内障患者,应用双向线性能量和负压控制系统的高负压低能量技术结合不旋转核超声乳化法行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术。记录术中能量和相对能量复合参数以及并发症发生的情况,同时观察术后早期(1周内)和晚期(9～26个月)的矫正视力以及并发症发生情况。结果术后视力有明显提高。术前即存在轻度晶状体脱位(悬韧带断离范围小于1/4圆周)的15只眼中3只眼术中发生悬韧带断离范围轻度扩大(扩大范围小于1/8圆周);其它手术前未发现晶状体脱位的218只眼中2只眼术中发生局限性(小于1/8圆周)悬韧带断离。术后早期角膜一过性轻度水肿35只眼,15.2%;前房少量出血5只眼,2.1%;轻微虹膜炎45只眼,19.3%;瞳孔欠圆16只眼,6.9%。术后晚期前囊膜混浊122只眼,52.4%;前囊口收缩综合症5只眼,2.1%;后囊膜混浊76只眼,32.6%;人工晶体移位13只眼,5.6%;视网膜脱离3只眼,1.3%。结论利用双向线性能量和负压控制系统的高负压低能量技术结合不旋转核超声乳化法能最大程度地减少对晶状体悬韧带的旋转力和牵拉力,同时还降低了超声能量对悬韧带的冲击力,可最大限度地避免悬韧带的离断。     

外科系统分离菌对抗生素耐药性的监测

研究外科感染的病原菌及其对抗生素的耐药性，以指导临床用药。方法：采用Ｖｉｔｅｋ－ＡｍｓＳｙｓｔｅｍ和Ｋ－Ｂ法，对外科临床标本进行细菌培养并菌株对１８种的耐药性。     

2,7,12,18-四甲基-13,17-二(3-羟基丙基)卟啉的合成及其光敏化活性

由氯化高铁次卟啉经脱铁、酯化、还原合成了光敏剂２，７，１２，１８－四甲基－１３，１７－二（３－羟基丙基）卟啉，并测定其光敏活性     

视盘血管炎——关于混合型的研讨

对６０例（６３眼）视盘血管炎的临床分型进行了探讨，结果表明，除分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ两型外，尚存在混合型，当视盘睫状血管炎性病变波及中央静脉，或两个血管系统同时受炎症侵犯时，即可再现混合型的临床表现，视盘明显水肿，视网膜静脉迂张，散在渗出，出血，动脉狭细。眼底荧光血管造影可见视盘荧光早期充盈明显迟缓，后期渗漏面积〉２．０ＰＤ，视网膜循环时间延长，混合型兼有Ⅰ，Ⅱ两型的临床特征，应作为一个独立类型存在，同时观察     

UVB radiation induces phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor, decreases EGF binding and blocks EGF induction of ornithine decarboxylase gene expression in SV40-transformed human keratinocytes

Abstract We previously demonstrated that epidermal growth factor (EGF) induces a several-fold increase in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and the steady-state level of ODC mRNA in cultured SV40-transformed human keratinocytes (1). Pretreatment of cell cultures with ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation resulted in a reduction of EGF-induced ODC activity. To determine whether UVB inhibits the accumulation of ODC mRNA by EGF, cells were pretreated with 20 mJ/cm² UVB or sham-irradiated and then incubated with 100 ng/ml EGF. Northern blot analysis revealed that UVB irradiation entirely blocked the EGF induction of ODC mRNA. Since the binding of EGF to its plasma membrane receptor is the first step in initiating a biological response, the effect of UVB on EGF binding was evaluated. UVB treatment of cultured keratinocytes resulted in an immediate and dose-dependent reduction of EGF binding. Scatchard analysis revealed thai the reduction of EGF binding was due to a 52% decrease in the number of available receptors, from 6.2 × 10⁴/cell to 3.0 × 10⁴/cell. However, UVB decreased the EGF-binding affinity very little (Kd = 0.60 nM in control and Kd=0.75 nM in UVB-treated Z114 cells). In addition, UVB did not alter the rate of EGF internalization. These data suggest that UVB blocks the signal transduction pathway of EGF that is involved in regulation of ODC gene expression. Immunoblot analysis of extracts from irradiated cells showed that UVB induced tyro-sine phosphorylation of EGFR and that the quantity of EGFR protein was unaffected by UVB treatment. Phosphorylation of EGFR may be responsible for decreased binding of EGF to its receptor.