Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a gynaecology clinic population: identification of high-risk groups and the value of contact tracing

Of 1267 women attending a gynaecology clinic, who were screened for the presence of Chlamydia trachomatis, 45 (3.6%) were found to be infected. Infection with C. trachomatis was more common in women who were less than or equal to 25 years of age, unmarried, nulliparous, requesting termination of pregnancy, using oral contraception as opposed to barrier methods, and who had cervical ectopy or cervicitis. Using contact tracing techniques 35% of male sexual partners of women who harboured C. trachomatis were also found to be infected. 86% of these men were symptomless. Asymptomatic chlamydial infection is common in men as well as women. Selective screening to identify women at risk of infection and the use of contact tracing to identify symptomless men with chlamydial infection are shown to be of value.     

Centration of donor trephination in human corneal transplantation

PURPOSE: To develop and evaluate a new method to quantify centration of the trephined donor cornea relative to the limbus. METHODS: After human donor corneas were trephined for penetrating keratoplasty, the remaining corneoscleral discs were stained and subjected to image analysis. The centration of the excised donor cornea relative to the limbus was calculated by measuring their centroids from the "captured" images. RESULTS: Fifty-two corneoscleral discs were analyzed. The average deviation from the centre was 0.32 mm (SD, 0.18 mm). Neither surgeon nor the type of trephine significantly influenced the mean centroid deviation. CONCLUSION: We have developed and evaluated a method to quantify centration of human donor cornea. In a small series, decentration did not correlate significantly with either the surgeon or the trephine.     

Selective laser-induced hyperthermia for the treatment of spontaneous tumors in dogs

Indocyanine green (ICG), with spectral absorption at 800-810 nm, is a chromophore that strongly absorbs and converts near-infrared laser energy into thermal energy. By directly injecting ICG into a tumor, selective tumor hyperthermia during laser irradiation occurs. In this study, 4 dogs with spontaneous tumors were injected in situ with a 0.25% wt/vol ICG solution and immediately irradiated with 810 nm laser energy. Thermal data were collected from multiple thermocouples placed within the tumor and tumor response was recorded. Tissue heating to ≥ 42°C was observed in all tumors. One dog had a complete remission, one dog had stable disease for 12 weeks, and the other 2 dogs developed progressive disease shortly after treatment. Results from this study demonstrate that chromophore-enhanced laser-induced hyperthermia can effectively and selectively heat canine tumors. However, tumor size and pigmentation of overlying skin are potentially limiting factors to the success of this novel c ancer treatment.     

表皮生长因子受体、血管内皮生长因子受体和BAD在非小细胞肺癌中的表达

背景与目的：表皮生长因子受体（epidermal growth factor receptor，EGFR）和血管内皮生长因子受体（vascular endothelial growth factor receptor，VEGFR）均属酪氨酸激酶受体（receptor tyrosine kinase，RTK），可调控细胞的增殖、分化与生存。BAD是Bcl-2家族中的促凋亡信号成分，在调控细胞凋亡特别是肿瘤细胞凋亡过程中发挥重要作用。但目前人们对上述这些重要蛋白在非小细胞肺癌（non—small—cell lung cancer，NSCLC）中的表达与肿瘤病理学的关系所知甚少。本研究探讨ECFR、VEGFR、BAD和磷酸化BAD在NSCLC中的表达情况以及与肿瘤病理的关系。方法：使用组织微阵列（tissue microarray，TMA）切片的免疫组织化学法，NSCLC患者51例（26例腺癌，16例鳞癌，8例大细胞癌，1例大细胞神经内分泌癌）。结果：51例患者中EGFR和VEGFR分别在10例（加％）和14例（27％）中出现过度表达。大细胞癌中未见VEGFR表达（0／8例），而鳞癌和腺癌患者中VEGFR表达分别为44％（7／16）和27％（7／26）。EGFR和VEGFR的表达与性别，肿瘤细胞分化及肿瘤浸润程度（包括胸膜浸润，血管浸润，淋巴结转移，肺内播散，脑转移情况）无关。51例患者中22例（43％）出现BAD蛋白表达缺失，且NSCLC的不同病理类型间差异有显著性。BAD蛋白表达缺失在16例鳞癌患者中10例（63％），8例大细胞癌患者中5例（63％），26例鳞癌患者中有7例（27％）（P=0．04）。51例患者中25例（49％）出现磷酸化BAD蛋白过度表达[其中26例腺癌患者中有13例（50％），16例鳞癌患者中有8例（50％），8例大细胞癌患者中有4例（50％）]。BAD蛋白的表达缺失与磷酸化BAD蛋白的过度表达经统计检验与上述肿瘤浸润程度无相关性。结论：肺鳞癌出现VEGFR表达增高的可能较大，而大细胞癌出现VEGFR表达增高的可能最小。在鳞癌和大细胞癌中可见BAD蛋白表达的显著缺失。NSCLC患者EGFR，VEGFR，磷酸化BAD蛋白的过度表达以及BAD蛋白表达的缺失与病理浸润程度无关。但这些受体酪氨酸激酶表达以及与NSCLC凋亡直接相关的媒介因子可能成为未来多靶向治疗中的候选靶标。     

Delirium from nicotine withdrawal in neuro-ICU patients

Five cases of presumed nicotine withdrawal delirium among brain-injured patients treated in a neurologic intensive care unit are presented. Each patient had a history of heavy tobacco use and experienced dramatic and sustained clinical improvement within hours of transdermal nicotine replacement. These preliminary observations suggest that nicotine withdrawal may be an under-recognized cause of delirium in patients with acute brain injury.     

抗真菌药物的研究II.C-端含氧代赖氨酸二肽的合成及抗白念珠菌活性

引用违法传递概念设计合成了11个C-末端含氧代赖氨酸二肽,进行抗深部致病菌-白念珠菌活性试验,体外实验结果显示极强的抑菌活性,MIC在12.5～0.8μg/disk之间,较母体氧化赖氨酸大50～135倍(克分子比。