基础医学教师课堂教学质量评价

为了了解本科教师的教学质量和教学效果 ,教学专家和学生评价了 14 7位基础医学教师。结果显示 ,讲师以上职称教师的教学质量明显好于初级职称教师 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,高级职称教师教学的科学性、艺术性和思想性明显好于讲师和助教 (P<0 .0 5 )。文章还对教学中存在的问题和对策进行了讨论。     

湘西自治州1995～2002年男性劳教人员法定性病监测报告

目的 了解湘西自治州重点人群性病患消长趋势，为性病防治工作提供科学依据。方法 从1995年起，采用统一的表格，每年对湘西州劳教所新入教人员进行一次法定性病监测。结果 三种法定性病平均患病率为14．64％(4．96～26．7％)，以1995年最低，1997年最高，8年未发现HIV／AIDS，患病率以20～39岁的性跃期人群为最高，汉族患病率高于其它民族；化程度越高，患病率越低。结论 男性劳教人员作为性病患病的高危人群，是哨点监测理想的目标人群。     

振动对急性缺氧小鼠肺损伤的影响

本文观察了频率为20Hz、振幅为0．67mm和作用时间为40min的振动预处理对急性缺氧小鼠肺损伤的影响。结果发现实验组的肺组织匀浆脂质过氧化物LghdPeroxde（LPO）、支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中蛋白含量和白细胞数明显低于对照组（P＜0．05）。这表明在特定率数的振动作用下能明显减轻急性缺氧小鼠肺的损伤。     

肾损伤的CT诊断及其临床价值

目的：探讨肾损伤的有效影像诊断方法及其临床指导意义。方法：采用CT检查肾损伤患者52例，并根据其表现分为4类，对I，Ⅱ类肾损伤行保守治疗，对Ⅲ类肾损伤视情况而定，对Ⅳ类肾损伤急诊手术治疗。结果：CT对肾损伤的定位诊断准确率和分类准确率均达100％，结论：CT检查可明确肾损伤的程度，范围及分类，了解伤肾和健肾功能，观察腹部其他脏器情况，具有无创，快速，安全、准确等优点，对临床治疗方案的确定具有重要指导意义。     

A promising technique for transplantation of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells into rat heart.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of intracoronary application of endothelial progenitor cells and the subsequent distribution within the heart. METHODS: Endothelial progenitors cells (EPCs) cultured from rat bone marrow were identified by double-positive staining with Dil-Ac-LDL and BS1-lectin. Twenty-four hours before cell transplantation, EPCs were labeled with 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU). Cells (5 x 10(5) in 250-microl medium) were injected into healthy rats, either as intracoronary application (n=11) or as intramyocardial injection (n = 6). At 15 min or 3 days posttransplantation, hearts as well as other organs (lung, liver, kidney, and spleen) were collected and processed for subsequent BrdU immunohistochemistry. The number of BrdU-positive cells per tissue area was counted. RESULTS: Compared to intramyocardial injection, intracoronary administration resulted in more than twice as much positive cells in the heart (P < .05), with no local differences within the heart. Whereas after 15 min, EPCs were equally distributed in all examined organs (except for the spleen), cells that were still present after 3 days, approximately 10%, were selectively restricted to the heart. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the intracoronary application provides a promising technique for EPC transplantation in the rat heart.     

超声弹性成像技术联合血清学标志物预测2型糖尿病的应用价值

<正>多项研究表明,非酒精性脂肪性肝病患者(NAFLD)发生2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)的风险是正常人的5倍^[1-3]。在T2DM患者中,NAFLD的患病率可高达70%^[4]。肝脏瞬时弹性成像技术(tran-sient elastography,TE)是近年来新兴的超声无创检查方法,主要基于超声信号在肝组织中传播受肝细胞中脂滴的影响而出现显著衰减的原理来评估肝脏脂肪性病变,     

Decreased prefrontal 5-HT2A receptor binding in subjects at enhanced risk for schizophrenia

The brain serotonin-2A receptor (5-HT_2AR) has been implicated in both the pathology of schizophrenia and the therapeutic action of atypical antipsychotics. However, little is known about the 5-HT_2AR status before the onset of schizophrenia and before the exposure to antipsychotics. We used [¹⁸F] altanserin and positron emission tomography (PET) in a pilot study of 6 individuals suspected to be at elevated risk for schizophrenia and seven age-matched controls to test the hypothesis that regional 5-HT_2AR binding is altered in the prodromal stages of schizophrenia. Distribution volume ratios (DVRs) as a proxy for 5-HT_2AR availability were significantly reduced in prefrontal cortex regions of at-risk subjects, implicating early abnormalities of serotonergic neurotransmission that antecede the onset of schizophrenia.     

The dependence of twitch relaxation on sodium ions and on internal Ca2+ stores in voltage clamped frog atrial fibres

Frog heart relaxation was analyzed under voltage clamp conditions as the tension decay observed after the membrane potential had been returned to its resting value. The tension decayed exponentially with a time constant of 188±3.8 ms SEM. The relaxation rate decreased with the external Na concentration. It fell to about one tenth in a Na-free solution. Increasing the intracellular Na-content by an application of veratrine also decreased the relaxation rate. Thus relaxation seems dependent on the Na gradient. The relaxation rate decreased within one second upon switching from a high to a low Na-containing solution. The relaxation rate reached a minimum before rising slightly to a new steady state value. This rebound may reflect the partial recovery of the Na gradient since a fast variation in [Na]_i follows alteration of [Na]_o. Mn and La ions also slowed relaxation. In a Na-free solution, adrenaline accelerated tension decay, an effect not noticeable in frog heart contained in Ringer solution. Other cAMP-promoting agents, such as dibutyryl-cAMP and aminophylline, also increased relaxation rate.It is concluded that in frog myocardium, part of the decrease of the intracellular Ca²⁺-concentration which occurs during each cardiac cycle could be dependent on a Na–Ca exchange mechanism. The relative importance of this mechanism, versus internal Ca sequestration, in the relaxation of tension may well be greater in contractile tissues whose cells have a large surface/volume ratio.