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81.
Bone loss following hypogonadism in men with prostate cancer treated with GnRH analogs 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Mittan D Lee S Miller E Perez RC Basler JW Bruder JM 《The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism》2002,87(8):3656-3661
It is known that bone mineral density (BMD) is low in men who are hypogonadal. However, the rate and sites of bone loss following testosterone deficiency are not known. The resulting hypogonadism after GnRH analog therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer allows us to examine bone loss and bone resorption immediately after testosterone withdrawal. Therefore, we examined the effects of GnRH analog treatment on bone loss and bone resorption in men with prostate cancer. BMD and serum and urine concentrations of markers of bone turnover were determined in men with prostate cancer and in age-matched controls. Measurements were taken before GnRH therapy and 6 and 12 months after instituting therapy. After 12 months of GnRH therapy, the BMD of the total hip and ultra distal radius decreased significantly (P < 0.001) in men with prostate cancer compared with the controls. The mean bone loss was 3.3% and 5.3%, respectively. The observed reduction in BMD in the spine (2.8%) and the femoral neck (2.3%) did not reach statistical significance. No significant bone loss was observed in the control subjects. The concentration of the urine marker of bone resorption, N-telopeptide, was significantly increased from baseline and from controls at both 6 and 12 months in patients treated with GnRH analog therapy compared with control subjects (P < 0.05). The concentration of a serum marker of bone formation, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, was not significantly different from baseline or from controls at 6 and 12 months. Thus, the decreased total hip and ultra distal radius BMD and increased urinary N-telopeptide concentration after testosterone withdrawal demonstrate an increase in trabecular bone loss and enhanced bone resorption. These findings demonstrate a significant loss of bone in men with prostate cancer after receiving GnRH therapy and suggest that the total hip and radius are the preferred sites for monitoring bone loss in older men. In addition, markers of bone resorption may be helpful. 相似文献
82.
Bernard M. Tijink Lars R. Perk Marianne Budde Marijke Stigter-van Walsum Gerard W. M. Visser Reina W. Kloet Ludger M. Dinkelborg C. René Leemans Dario Neri Guus A. M. S. van Dongen 《European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging》2009,36(8):1235-1244
Purpose The human monoclonal antibody (MAb) fragment L19-SIP is directed against extra domain B (ED-B) of fibronectin, a marker of
tumour angiogenesis. A clinical radioimmunotherapy (RIT) trial with 131I-L19-SIP was recently started. In the present study, after GMP production of 124I and efficient production of 124I-L19-SIP, we aimed to demonstrate the suitability of 124I-L19-SIP immuno-PET for imaging of angiogenesis at early-stage tumour development and as a scouting procedure prior to clinical
131I-L19-SIP RIT.
Methods
124I was produced in a GMP compliant way via 124Te(p,n)124I reaction and using a TERIMO™ module for radioiodine separation. L19-SIP was radioiodinated by using a modified version of
the IODO-GEN method. The biodistribution of coinjected 124I- and 131I-L19-SIP was compared in FaDu xenograft-bearing nude mice, while 124I PET images were obtained from mice with tumours of <50 to ∼700 mm3.
Results
124I was produced highly pure with an average yield of 15.4 ± 0.5 MBq/μAh, while separation yield was ∼90% efficient with <0.5%
loss of TeO2. Overall labelling efficiency, radiochemical purity and immunoreactive fraction were for 124I-L19-SIP: ∼80 , 99.9 and >90%, respectively. Tumour uptake was 7.3 ± 2.1, 10.8 ± 1.5, 7.8 ± 1.4, 5.3 ± 0.6 and 3.1 ± 0.4%ID/g
at 3, 6, 24, 48 and 72 h p.i., resulting in increased tumour to blood ratios ranging from 6.0 at 24 h to 45.9 at 72 h p.i..
Fully concordant labelling and biodistribution results were obtained with 124I- and 131I-L19-SIP. Immuno-PET with 124I-L19-SIP using a high-resolution research tomograph PET scanner revealed clear delineation of the tumours as small as 50 mm3 and no adverse uptake in other organs.
Conclusions
124I-MAb conjugates for clinical immuno-PET can be efficiently produced. Immuno-PET with 124I-L19-SIP appeared qualified for sensitive imaging of tumour neovasculature and for predicting 131I-L19-SIP biodistribution.
Bernard M. Tijink and Lars R. Perk contributed equally to this article. 相似文献
83.
L Conte J Ramis R Mis J Forn S Vilaró M Reina J Vilageliu N Basi 《Arzneimittel-Forschung》1992,42(6):847-853
The percutaneous absorption and skin distribution of a skin cream containing 1% 14C-labelled 1-[(fluorophenyl) (4-fluorophenyl) phenylmethyl]-1H-imidazole (flutrimazole, UR-4056, CAS 119006-77-8) was studied in minipigs. The same dose of flutrimazole was administered i.v. and topically (as a cream) on scarified skin according to a crossover protocol. Samples of urine and faeces were taken at various intervals after administration, and radioactivity was measured. The percentage of radioactivity accumulated in urine after topical and intravenous administration were 1.46% and 41.7%, respectively. In faeces, the percentage of radioactivity observed was 6.0% after intravenous administration, and none was detected after topical application. In order to study the distribution and penetration of [14C]flutrimazole, the cream was applied to intact and scarified skin. At various intervals after administration, skin samples were taken. The samples for the autoradiographic studies were cut transversely, and for the measurement of the levels of radioactivity at different skin depths, slices were cut parallel to the cutaneous layers. The results obtained indicate that [14C]flutrimazole penetrates quickly into the different epidermic layers and is retained mainly in the strata spinosum, granulosum and basale. The stratum basale possibly acts as a selective barrier preventing the penetration of the compound into the dermis. The percentage of radioactivity in the stratum corneum is lower than that detected in all the other epidermic layers taken together. The stratum corneum offers low resistance to penetration by the flutrimazole, which very probably crosses the epidermic strata by a transcellular route. 相似文献
84.
Horikawa Y Otaka M Komatsu K Jin M Odashima M Wada I Matsuhashi T Ohba R Oyake J Hatakeyama N Dubois RN Watanabe S 《Digestive diseases and sciences》2007,52(10):2757-2765
Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is one of the distinct features of cancer cells. We evaluate the role of activated MEK-ERK
signaling in Camptotecin/irinotecan (CPT-11)-induced cell death using constitutively activated MEK1-transfected normal rat
intestinal epithelial cells (IEC-caMEK cells). A CPT-11-induced inhibitory concentration of 50% was determined by WST assay.
Apoptosis was evaluated by DNA staining and fragmented DNA analysis. Protein expressions were analyzed by western blotting.
We also examined the role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the cell systems. IEC-caMEK cells possessed survival advantages compared
to control cells. Apoptosis was remarkably suppressed in IEC-caMEK cells. Western blot analysis revealed increased expression
of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Mcl-1, and COX-2 and decreased expression of Bak in IEC-caMEK cells. The COX-2 selective inhibitor ameliorated
the antiapoptotic nature of IEC-caMEK cells. MEK activation suppressed CPT-11-induced apoptosis in IEC-caMEK cells via a COX-2-
dependent mechanism. Therefore, MEK-ERK signaling may contribute to the drug-resistant nature of cancer cells. 相似文献
85.
Etienne Cavaignac Regis Pailhé Nicolas Reina Jérôme Murgier Jean Michel Laffosse Philippe Chiron Pascal Swider 《International orthopaedics》2016,40(8):1647-1653
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a four-strand gracilis-only construct possesses the biomechanical properties needed to act as an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction graft.Methods
This was a pilot study with 32 cadaver specimens. The biomechanical properties of three types of grafts were determined using validated tensile testing methods: patellar tendon (BTB), both hamstring tendons together (GST4) and gracilis alone (G4).Results
The maximum load at failure of the G4 was 416.4 N (±187.7). The GST4 and BTB had a maximum load at failure of 473.5 N (±176.9) and 413.3 N (±120.4), respectively. The three groups had similar mean maximum load and stiffness values. The patellar tendon had significantly less elongation at failure than the other two graft types.Conclusions
The biomechanical properties of a four-strand gracilis construct are comparable to the ones of standard grafts. This type of graft would be useful in the reconstruction of the anteromedial bundle in patients with partial ACL ruptures.86.
James F. Smith Bette J. Caan Barbara Sternfeld Reina Haque Charles P. Quesenberry Virginia P. Quinn Jun Shan Thomas J. Walsh Tom F. Lue Steven J. Jacobsen Stephen K. Van Den Eeden 《The journal of sexual medicine》2009,6(12):3433-3439
IntroductionThe burden of erectile dysfunction (ED) among different racial and ethnic groups is unclear, in part, because prior studies have not included all four major racial and ethnic groups in the same population‐based sample.AimTo determine the prevalence and odds of ED among all four major racial and ethnic groups after adjustment for demographic, medical, socioeconomic, and lifestyle characteristics.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted using data from men, aged 45–69 years, without a diagnosis of prostate cancer (N = 78,445), who completed questionnaires as part of the California Men's Health Study, a large multiethnic cohort study with detailed demographic, medical and, socioeconomic data.Main Outcome MeasureErectile dysfunction measured by a previously validated four‐level response question.ResultsThe overall prevalence of ED by age category was 13%, 24%, and 44% for men aged 45–49 years, 50 and 59 years, and 60–69 years, respectively. In a multivariable model, relative to white men, Hispanic (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.99, 1.12), Asian (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.02, 1.19), and other men (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.06, 1.1.21) had increased odds of moderate‐severe ED, while black men were less likely to report moderate to severe ED (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.81, 0.92). Black (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.48, 0.61) and Asian men (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.80, 1.04) were less likely to have severe ED after adjustment for age, socioeconomic status, medical co‐morbidities, and lifestyle characteristics.ConclusionThese data demonstrate that the prevalence of ED among different racial and ethnic groups is likely the result of complex phenomena and depends upon the interplay of socioeconomic, demographic, medical, cultural, and lifestyle characteristics. After accounting for these factors, these data suggest that Asian and black men are less likely to have severe ED relative to white men. Smith JF, Caan BJ, Sternfeld B, Haque R, Quesenberry CP, Jr, Quinn VP, Shan J, Walsh TJ, Lue TF, Jacobsen SJ, and Van Den Eeden SK. Racial disparities in erectile dysfunction among participants in the California men's health study. 相似文献
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