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11.
Changes in carbohydrate metabolism were studied in midgut gland, muscle, and gill tissues of marine prawn Penaeus indicus exposed to a sublethal concentration (0.3 ppm) of phosphamidon. A significant decrease in glycogen and pyruvate and an increase in lactate content were observed in all phosphamidon-exposed prawn tissues after 96 hr. An increase in phosphorylase a and aldolase activity levels suggested the increased formation of triose sugars during phosphamidon toxicity. LDH activity was considerably decreased and an increment in lactate content was observed which indicates reduced mobilization of pyruvate into the citric acid cycle. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was considerably increased, suggesting the enhanced oxidation of glucose in the hexose monophosphate shunt pathway. Krebs cycle enzymes such as NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase were found to be decreased, suggesting the impairment in mitochondrial oxidative metabolism due to the acute toxic impact of phosphamidon. Cytochrome-c oxidase and Mg2+ ATPase activity levels were also decreased considerably, suggesting impaired energy synthesis and breakdown during phosphamidon toxicity, as a result of reduced oxidation of glucose aerobically. The increase in acid and alkaline phosphatase activities indicates the enhanced breakdown of phosphate to release energy in view of inhibiton or impairment in the ATPase system during phosphamidon-induced stress. These results suggest that phosphamidon has a profound effect on the oxidative metabolism of prawn which results in the triggering of compensatory metabolic pathways for survivability. 相似文献
12.
The modified dorsal lithotomy position is excellent for radical pelvic operations. Use of modified Krauss arm supports as stirrups, along with pneumatic devices that intermittently compress the legs, significantly reduces postoperative morbidity in patients who undergo operations in this position. 相似文献
13.
14.
Decreased expression of DMPK: correlation with CTG repeat expansion and fibre type composition in myotonic dystrophy type 1 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
S. Salvatori M. Fanin C. P. Trevisan S. Furlan S. Reddy J. I. Nagy C. Angelini 《Neurological sciences》2005,26(4):235-242
Abstract Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by a trinucleotide repeatexpansion, cytosine-thymine-guanine
(CTG)n, in the 3′ untranslated region of a gene encoding the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK). To correlate CTG expansion
and protein expression, we studied muscle specimens from 16 adult DM1 patients using three anti-DMPK antibodies for immunoblotting.
We estimated the amount of the full-length DMPK (85 kDa) in muscle biopsies from normal controls and from DM1 patients carrying
different (CTG)n expansions. We found that DMPK concentration was decreased to about 50% in DM patients’ muscles; the protein decrease did
not seem correlated with the CTG repeat length. However, the fibre type composition in skeletal muscle seemed somehow to affect
DMPK decrease, as the lowest level of the enzyme was found in patients with the lowest content of type 1 fibre. 相似文献
15.
V Bhattacharya G R Reddy Sunish Goyal Umesh Kumar 《Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery》2007,60(8):892-897
Defects involving the distal leg and foot are frequently encountered following various aetiological factors. Paucity of local tissue causes surgeons to resort to the retrograde peninsular flap, the cross leg flap or the free flap. With specific knowledge of perforators, the fasciocutaneous flap from the calf area can be transferred to the defect in a single stage based on skeletonised distal perforators. The surgical anatomy, flap planning and procedure have been detailed. Nineteen patients were treated during the period 1995 to 2005. The perforators were identified preoperatively by audio Doppler. The flaps were marked and dissected proximal to the defect skeletonising the distal perforators under loupe magnification and transferred to the defect in a single stage. The donor site was skin grafted. Out of 19 cases, 16 flaps healed uneventfully, one flap necrosed completely and in two cases there was marginal necrosis. The cases were followed up for 2-10 years with an average of 6 years. With detailed knowledge of perforators one can safely reconstruct distal moderate-size defects of the lower limb in a single stage, thus having the benefits of free tissue transfer without resorting to microsurgery. This technique has proved to be an advancement in the reconstructive repertoire allowing flaps of non conventional dimensions to be perfused by skeletonised perforators. 相似文献
16.
Prasanna Kumar Reddy R Venkata Subramanian S Yuvaraja 《JSLS, Journal of the Society of Laparoendoscopic Surgeons》2005,9(3):356-357
Transposition of the gallbladder to the left side without situs inversus viscerum is rare. These gallbladders are situated under the left lobe of the liver between Segment III and IV or on Segment III to the left of the falciform ligament. Because routine preoperative studies may not detect the anomaly, it may provide the surgeons with an unusual surprise during laparoscopy. Awareness of the unpredictable confluence of the cystic duct into the common bile duct and selective use of intraoperative cholangiography aid in the safe laparoscopic management of this unusual problem. 相似文献
17.
Sajja Lokeswara Rao Mannam Gopichand Sompali Sriramulu Reddy Karri Venkata Ravirala Bala Raju Raju Bhupathiraju Soma Raju Penmetcha Krishnam 《Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2004,20(4):173-177
Background Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) may contribute to the complications and it is assumed that eliminating cardiopulmonary bypass
has the potential of reducing post operative morbidity after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The study was carried
out to compare mortality and morbidity in the off-pump and on-pump CABG groups.
Methods We prospectively analysed 200 patients undergoing CABG. Group A consists of 100 patients underwent multi-vessel off-pump CABG
and group B consists of 100 patients underwent CABG with CPB. The incidence of complications (mortality, re-exploration for
bleeding, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, neurological events, new onset renal failure (s. creatinine>1.6 mg/dL)
pulmonary complications, length of ICU stay and hospital stay were recorded, analysed and compared.
Results OPCAB patients received 2.73±0.61 grafts/patient and on-pump CABG patients received 3.39±0.75 grafts/patient (p value<0.00001). There was no significant statistical difference in mortality, incidence of stroke between OPCAB and CABG
with CPB patients. Length of ICU stay was 32.84±4.22 vs 44.85±7.18 hrs (p value<0.00001) and hospital stay was 6.52±0.69 vs 7.94±0.92 days (p value<0.00001) between group A and group B respectively. Incidence of atrial fibrillation was less in OPCAB group 7% vs 12%
although it was statistically not significant (p value 0.33). It was observed in our study that there was no significant deference in worsening of existing renal failure
between on-pump CABG and OPCAB 6% vs 2% (P value 0.28). Blood utilization was significantly less in OPCAB group (p value<0.001).
Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference in terms of mortality, incidence of stroke and new onset renal failure in
both groups. But there was lesser incidence of post operative atrial fibrillation, worsening of existing renal failure in
off-pump group though statistically not significant. There was significant reduction in blood utilization, length of ICU and
hospital stay in OPCAB group. 相似文献
18.
Effects of risk-associated human dietary macrocomponents on processes related to carcinogenesis in human-flora-associated (HFA) rats 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
Rumney C.J.; Rowland I.R.; Coutts T.M.; Randerath K.; Reddy R.; Shah A.B.; Ellul A.; O'Neill I.K. 《Carcinogenesis》1993,14(1):79-84
Dietary fat, beef protein and fibre have been shown to modulatecancer risk in humans and the present study examined the biologicaleffects in human-flora-associated (HFA) rats of altering intakelevels within the normal human range. Two control groups, oneHFA and the other germfree (GF), consumed a human diet low infat, fibre and beef for 4 weeks; three other groups consumedhuman diets similar except for independent 3-fold increasesin fat, beef protein or fibre. After 2 weeks on the diets, magneticallyrecoverable microcapsules were given orally to the rats andsubsequently recovered from the faeces to assess endogenouscross-linking agents. After 4 weeks, measurements were madeof gut microfloral enzyme activities, hepatic activation ofdietary mutagens and hepatic DNA adducts by 32P-postlabelling.Activation in vitro of the dietary mutagens 2-amino-3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinolline (IQ) and 2-amino-l-methyl-6- phenytimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine(PhIP) by hepatic S9, formation of endogenous hepatic DNA adductsin vivo and the ß-glucuronidase activity of caecalcontents were all increased in the sequence high fat > highfibre > high beef = control. Of the two DNA adducts foundin all HFA rats, only one was present in GF controls, indicatingthat the human gut microflora (subject to human dietary modulation)either releases a DNA-adducting product able to act outsidethe gastrointestinal tract, or stimulates the generation ofsuch a product by mammalian processes. Caecal nitrate reductaseactivity was highest in rats fed the high beef diet, whilstentrapment of cross-linking agents was highest in those fedthe high fibre diet. These results show that risk-related componentsof human diets interact with human gut microflora to modulatethe production of endogenous DNA-adducting and cross-linkingsubstances. 相似文献
19.
20.
J Rajeev Shoba Srinath Y C J Reddy M G Shashikiran Satish Chandra Girimaji Shekhar P Seshadri D K Subbakrishna 《Revue canadienne de psychiatrie》2003,48(1):52-55
OBJECTIVE: Recent studies of patients with juvenile bipolar disorder report low rates of recovery and high rates of chronicity. However, we lack data on the short-term outcome. This study examines the pattern of recovery from the index episode in an aggressively treated juvenile sample. METHOD: We assessed 25 subjects (< 16 years) with a diagnosis of mania, using the Diagnostic Interview for Children and Adolescents-Revised) (DICA-R), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), and Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) at intake and at 3 and 6 months. We studied the time taken to recover from the index episode, the level of functioning, and the factors predicting them. RESULTS: After 6 months, 24 (96%) subjects had recovered from the index manic episode. The median time to recovery was 27 days. Total episode length was significantly longer among those with previous affective episodes. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that juvenile-onset mania has high rates of recovery and low rates of chronicity. These differences from the existing literature need further exploration. 相似文献