电磁脉冲辐照对小鼠血-睾屏障早期影响及TGFβ3表达意义

目的探讨电磁脉冲（EMP）辐射后小鼠血-睾屏障的结构和通透性早期损伤及TGFβ3在其中的作用。方法常规HE染色和硝酸镧示踪电镜技术观察400kV／m电磁脉冲辐射后2～48h内小鼠睾丸血-睾屏障结构和通透性的动态改变；免疫组织化学染色和图像分析技术检测TGFβ3在不同时间的表达规律。结果400kV／m电磁脉冲辐射后48h内生精细胞变性、凋亡与坏死逐渐增多，支持细胞及其紧密连接发生形态变化，血-睾屏障结构损伤，各时间点TGFβ3表达强度（灰度值）持续性显著增强（均P〈0．05），提示其通透性明显升高，于辐照后2h即见发生。上述血-睾屏障的结构和通透性变化的时间和程度具有一致性。结论EMP辐射后早期小鼠血-睾屏障的结构和通透性迅速发生损伤，TGFβ3可能在其损伤中发挥重要作用。     

Risk of colorectal adenomas in a multiethnic Asian patient population: Race does not matter

Background:  Ethnic differences have been reported for colorectal polyps and large bowel cancer; although the supporting data is weak and insufficient to draw firm conclusions.
Aim:  We undertook this study to determine whether such racial disparity in colorectal adenomas exists in an ethnically mixed non-migrant population. The prevalence, histology and distribution of colonic polyps were documented as well as other known risk factors for colorectal malignancy.
Methods:  In this prospective cross-sectional study, 311 consecutive referred and self-referred multiracial patients attending for colonoscopy over a 41-month period in a private endoscopy center were recruited. The mean age of the study population was 51.8 ± 14 years (range 16–91). The male to female ratio was 1.1 and an ethnic breakdown as follows: 87 Malays, 115 Chinese and 109 Indians.
Results:  Sixty-three adenomas were recorded in 36 patients: six Malays, 19 Chinese and 11 Indians. Of these adenomas, 59 were polypoid, three flat and one depressed. The majority of adenomas 42/63 (67%) were distal to the splenic flexure as were all (10/10) the Duke's A carcinomas and 6/8 (75%) of the advanced cancers. Patients with adenoma(s) compared with those without (controls) were significantly older ( P =  0.005), more likely to have a family history of colorectal cancer ( P =  0.005), and showed a trend towards significance for ethnic group ( P =  0.09) on univariate analysis. Using logistic regression analysis, only family history ( P =  0.05) and age ≥ 50 years ( P =  0.011) were found to be significantly associated with adenomas.
Conclusion:  Risk factors for colonic adenoma(s) in our cohort of symptomatic multiethnic patients attending for colonoscopy do not seem to differ from those reported elsewhere and, in particular, race does not appear to be a factor.     

关于抗肿瘤药物的研究 Ⅶ.N-甲酰溶肉瘤素的抗瘤谱及毒性

N-甲酰溶肉瘤素是一种有效的抗肿瘤药,抗瘤譜广,在12种动物肿瘤中,对9种具有明显的抑制作用。对大鼠吉田肉瘤腹水型及实体型,Walker癌-肉瘤256等抑制作用最明显,抑制率为96—100%。对小鼠网織細胞肉瘤L₂抑制率为60—70%;对腹水瘤L₁及Krebs-2腹水癌亦有明显抑制作用,分別延长寿命5天及7天;对Ehrlich癌腹水型小鼠,可延长寿命2.2—2.6天;对Ehrlich癌实体型及梭形細胞肉瘤B₂₂抑制率分別为30—41%及36—43%。在不致中毒的剂量下,对小鼠肉瘤180,肉瘤AK,黑色素瘤Me則无明显抑制作用。口服N-甲酰溶肉瘤素对小鼠及大鼠的半数致死量(LD₅₀±S.E.)分別为730±79毫克/公斤及700±79毫克/公斤;腹腔內給药則分別为152±7毫克/公斤及80±10毫克/公斤。靜脉注射对小鼠的半数致死量为155±10毫克/公斤。     

防治血吸虫病药物的研究 Ⅱ.2-巯基-1,3-硫氮茚及1,3-二氮茚衍生物的合成

合成2-(β-一二乙氨基乙巯基)-1,3-硫氮茚盐酸盐,2-(β-六氢吡啶基乙巯基)-1,3-硫氮茚盐酸盐,1-(β-二乙氨基乙基)-1,3-二氮茚双盐酸盐和1-(β-二乙氨基乙基)-1,3-二氮茚双盐酸盐四个化合物,经过对小白鼠进行日本血吸虫病的预防或治疗试验,证明没有作用。     

Role of prethymic cells in acquisition of self-tolerance

The sequential character of T-lymphocyte development as it pertains to the stage at which self-tolerance is acquired was investigated. Three phases were studied, defined here as prethymic, intrathymic, and postthymic as determined by the timing of thymus implantation. The model utilized was the temporal pattern of skin graft rejection in thymusless BALB/c nude mice implanted with allogeneic, C57BL/6J, or syngeneic thymuses before or after skin grafting; in some instances, F(1) hybrid spleen cells were also given to newborns or young adults. These experiments in nude mice showed that, (a) self-tolerance could be established despite the absence of the host’s own haplotype in the implanted thymus; (b) recently emigrated postthymic cells could already discriminate self from non-self; (c) specific neonatal tolerance could be induced in nudes by inoculation of F(1) hybrid cells; (d) nudes showed a higher capacity for induction of neonatal tolerance than did normal littermates. These findings indicate that the process of self-tolerance in the T cell's lineage begins during the prethymic state early in ontogeny.     

F-30066对日本血吸虫作用的组织化学观察

本文报导了抗血吸虫新药F-30066在体外或体內对日本血吸虫作用后,虫体內各种主要組織化学物貭的分布及其变化的研究工作。証明F-30066不論在体外或体內,均使原来貯存于虫体实貭組織和肌纤維中的糖元明显消失。药物对虫体内脫氧核糖核酸、核糖核酸、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶和中性脂肪等无明显作用。