Mixed Lymphocyte Reaction in Hydatidiform Mole

ABSTRACT: One-way wife-husband and wife-donor mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) were performed in ten patients with hydatidiform moles and ten age- and maturity-matched pregnant controls. The MLR response in patients with hydatidiform moles was similar to that of normal pregnant subjects and the maternal plasma did not affect the response. In the two patients who subsequently required chemotherapy because of persistent elevation of serum human chorionic gonadotrophin, the maternal plasma taken just before chemotherapy suppressed the maternal MLR response to paternal lymphocytes but not that to unrelated donors' lymphocytes.     

Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Agonist Induces Down-Regulation of the CD3+CD25+ Lymphocyte Subpopulation in Peripheral Blood

PROBLEM : To test whether GnRH agonist could alter in vivo human immune cells and whether the alteration is related to the success of pregnancy in an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) program. METHODS : Thirty-six infertile patients were enrolled under the long protocol of GnRH agonist (buserelin acetate) and superovulation with gonadotropin from our IVF-ET program. Peripheral B cells, NK cells, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, and the expression of CD69, CD25, HLA-DR, and CD71 antigens on the T cells were serially examined by dual-color flow cytometry. RESULTS : B cells, NK cells, CD8⁺ T cells, and CD71⁺ T lymphocyte subpopulations were not changed throughout the whole course of treatment. CD4⁺ T cell and CD25⁺ T cell sub-populations were significantly down-regulated when the GnRH agonist was used for approximately 2 wk. CD3⁺CD69⁺, CD3⁺CD25⁺, and CD3⁺DR⁺ lymphocyte subpopulations were increased at 7 days (during implantation) and at 14 days after embryo transfer in pregnant patients, but not in patients who failed to get pregnant. CONCLUSIONS : The GnRH agonist had a transiently immunosuppressive effect on CD4⁺ and CD25⁺ T cells, but CD69⁺, CD25⁺, and HLA-DR⁺ T cells were activated during and after successful implantation.     

Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) Is Increased in the Follicular Fluids of Patients With Premature Luteinization

PROBLEM : Most, but not all, studies indicate that premature luteinization correlates with poor pregnancy outcome in in-vitro fertilization (IVF) programs. It remains unclear whether cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα), the established immune mediators, play a role in regulation or initiation of an abnormal follicular or embryo development in patients with premature luteinization. METHODS : Levels of cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P4), and androstenedione (Aione) were examined in 18 preovulatory follicular fluid (FF) samples from patients with premature luteinization (group 1) and 37 FF samples from patients without premature luteinization (group 2). The number of oocytes recovered, fertilization rate, and pregnancy outcome were evaluated in these two groups. RESULTS : IL-1β (25.4±11.9 pg/ml, mean ±SD) and TNFα (13.4±10.7 pg/ml) were present in these FF samples. The mean level of IL-1β in group 1 was significantly higher than that in group 2 (37.3±12.3 vs. 20.0±7.6 pg/ml; P<0.00001) and the mean level of E2 was significantly lower in group 1 than that in group 2 (1064±686 vs. 1570±641 ng/ml; P=0.02). The levels of TNFα, P4, and A'ione showed no distinction between these two groups. There was no correlation between the levels of either IL-1β or TNFα and P4, E2 or A'ione. The fertilization rate in group 1 (62/77; 80%) was similar to that in group 2 (124/160;78%). Five of 7 patients in group 1 and seven of 20 patients in group 2 achieved pregnancy following embryo transfer. One of five pregnancies in group 1 aborted. CONCLUSION : The exaggerated levels of IL-1β in patients with premature luteinization may arise from accumulation of this cytokine owing to sustained high LH stimulation, and this may be a protective response to the abnormal LH surge and function to inhibit prematurely increased secretion of P4. These data indicate the important role of LH in the induction of IL-1β secretion and the possible regulatory action of IL-1β in luteinization. According to the diminution of E2 in group 1, there may be a subtle atretic process progressing in follicles primed with prematurely elevated LH. However, the detrimental effect of premature luteinization, if it exists, may work at the stage during or after implantation.     

Effect of auricular acupuncture on oxygen consumption of boxing athletes

Boxing is an official sport at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the fast development of world-class high strength training and sport science has made a significant impact on scientific training. Boxing needs high cardio-respiratory function, speed, muscle strength, and anaerobic and intensive physical demands including weight control covering the grading of athlete's.     

肾动脉狭窄患者肾动脉支架置入术后再狭窄及肾功能和血压的改变

目的评估肾动脉支架术后再狭窄的发生及肾功能及血压的改变。方法对135 例单侧或双侧肾动脉明显狭窄(管腔内径减少≥70％)的患者行肾动脉支架置入术(PTRAS),术后行肾动脉造影、血压及血肌酐(Scr)的随访观察。结果 135例患者植入147枚支架均获成功。术后肾动脉造影随访率70％,平均随访时间为(7．2±5．6)月,再狭窄率为7．4％。血压及肾功能随访率为95％,平均随访时间(22±6)月,随访患者的收缩压与舒张压均明显下降,分别为 [(172±23)比(159±20)mm Hg,P<0．05,(93±16)比(85±13)mm Hg,P<0．05]。但术后12个月及24个月Scr和GFR与术前比较无显著性差异。结论肾动脉支架置入术后的再狭窄率较低,PTRAS有助于患者的血压控制。     

脂质抗氧化酶Peroxiredoxin 6对急性肺损伤的抗氧化保护作用

目的 确定脂质抗氧化酶Peroxiredoxin 6(Prdx6)对急性肺损伤的抗氧化保护作用.方法应用100% O2吸入诱导雄性小鼠,建立急性肺损伤模型,用H2O2干预诱导,建立细胞损伤模型.分别观察Prdx6基因敲除(Prdx6-/-)小鼠、Prdx6基因过度表达(Tg Prdx6)小鼠、胞浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(Gpxl)基因敲除(Gpxl-/-)小鼠、野生(WT)小鼠及其肺Ⅱ型上皮细胞的生存率,支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中蛋白和细胞总数;Western Blot法检测Prdx6或Gpx1蛋白表达水平;观察肺Ⅱ型上皮细胞凋亡情况;采用硫代巴比妥酸反应物法和双苯酯-1磷酸芘荧光测定法分别检测肺组织和肺Ⅱ型上皮细胞膜质脂氧化水平.结果 Prdx6-/-小鼠生存时间较WT小鼠缩短约24 h,TgPrdx6小鼠的生存时间较其他组延长;在细胞损伤模型中,Prdx6对细胞生存的保护作用与H2O2干预浓度相关;高氧吸入72 h后,Prdx6-/-小鼠的肺内Gpx1蛋白表达水平下调7倍;Gpx1-/-小鼠的肺内Prdx6蛋白表达水平则无明显下调.H2O2干预处理后,肺Ⅱ型上皮细胞凋亡细胞数及百分率的增加与H2O2剂量正相关,并在Prdx6-/-小鼠表现最为明显,而Tg Prdx6小鼠组则呈现了持续稳定的10%的凋亡细胞数;Prdx6-/-小鼠组的肺Ⅱ型上皮细胞的细胞膜脂质氧化水平升高,约为WT小鼠2倍,为Tg Prdx6组4倍;Prdx6-/-小鼠肺组织的脂质氧化水平较其他组明显增高.结论 Prdx6具有重要的抗氧化性肺损伤的保护作用,特别是Pxdx6抗细胞凋亡和抗细胞膜脂质氧化的功能提示了其以细胞为单位独特的保护机制.