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排序方式: 共有3219条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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G Desideri C Kwik-Uribe D Grassi S Necozione L Ghiadoni D Mastroiacovo A Raffaele L Ferri R Bocale MC Lechiara C Marini C Ferri 《Hypertension》2012,60(3):794-801
Flavanol consumption is favorably associated with cognitive function. We tested the hypothesis that dietary flavanols might improve cognitive function in subjects with mild cognitive impairment. We conducted a double-blind, parallel arm study in 90 elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment randomized to consume once daily for 8 weeks a drink containing ≈990 mg (high flavanols), ≈520 mg (intermediate flavanols), or ≈45 mg (low flavanols) of cocoa flavanols per day. Cognitive function was assessed by Mini Mental State Examination, Trail Making Test A and B, and verbal fluency test. At the end of the follow-up period, Mini Mental State Examination was similar in the 3 treatment groups (P=0.13). The time required to complete Trail Making Test A and Trail Making Test B was significantly (P<0.05) lower in subjects assigned to high flavanols (38.10±10.94 and 104.10±28.73 seconds, respectively) and intermediate flavanols (40.20±11.35 and 115.97±28.35 seconds, respectively) in comparison with those assigned to low flavanols (52.60±17.97 and 139.23±43.02 seconds, respectively). Similarly, verbal fluency test score was significantly (P<0.05) better in subjects assigned to high flavanols in comparison with those assigned to low flavanols (27.50±6.75 versus 22.30±8.09 words per 60 seconds). Insulin resistance, blood pressure, and lipid peroxidation also decreased among subjects in the high-flavanol and intermediate-flavanol groups. Changes of insulin resistance explained ≈40% of composite z score variability through the study period (partial r(2)=0.4013; P<0.0001). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first dietary intervention study demonstrating that the regular consumption of cocoa flavanols might be effective in improving cognitive function in elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment. This effect appears mediated in part by an improvement in insulin sensitivity. 相似文献
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Páll Karlsson Carla Porretta‐Serapiglia Raffaella Lombardi Troels S. Jensen Giuseppe Lauria 《Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS》2013,18(1):48-53
The aim of this study was to estimate dermal nerve fiber length (DNFL) using a stereological sampling technique in comparison with a previously reported manual estimation. DNFL was analyzed in skin punch biopsy specimens from 24 healthy volunteers and 18 patients with small fiber neuropathy (SFN) using global spatial sampling that yields unbiased and reliable length estimation. The estimation was carried out in 50‐µm biopsy sections after immunostaining with anti‐protein gene product (PGP) 9.5 antibodies. The length of the PGP9.5‐positive dermal nerves from the dermal–epidermal junction and 200 µm down was measured (DNFL mm?2). Results were compared with our previously reported manual method. Patients showed a significantly (p < 0.0001) lower DNFL (105 mm?2 ± 6.4 SD) than healthy subjects (246 mm?2 ± 8.39 SD). Moderate correlation with age was observed for both healthy subjects (Pearson's r = ?0.33) and patients (Pearson's r = ?0.59). A significant (p < 0.001) correlation between global spatial sampling and manual estimation was observed in both patients and healthy subjects (Pearson's r = 0.62 and 0.61, respectively). These findings provide further evidence on the reliability of dermal nerve morphometry in human skin and strengthen the hypothesis that dermal nerve fibers undergo significant degeneration in SFN. 相似文献
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Patrizia Dacci Stefano Amadio Simonetta Gerevini Lucia Moiola Ubaldo Del Carro Marta Radaelli Gianluca Figlia Vittorio Martinelli Giancarlo Comi Raffaella Fazio 《Neurological sciences》2013,34(3):393-396
Sciatic nerve traumatic damage very rarely occurs bilaterally. We describe the case of a 67-year-old woman who reported a bilateral traumatic lesion of the sciatic nerve during practice of yoga. Nerve conduction studies showed a bilateral sciatic nerve neuropathy, mostly affecting the peroneal component. Lumbar plexus MRI documented regular anatomical features of the main principal nerve roots with bilateral T2 signal alteration of roots L4, L5 and S1 that extended into the sciatic nerves showing both increase in size, probably related to chronic injury of nerves, and an alteration in diffusion signal that suggested a recent acute overlapped process. 相似文献
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Papa G Baratta R Calì V Degano C Iurato MP Licciardello C Maiorana R Finocchiaro C 《Acta diabetologica》2012,49(5):387-393
In clinical practice, basal insulin dosage (BID) for the treatment for type 2 diabetes given as slow-acting analogues or NPH insulin varies widely when adjusted for body weight (UI/kg). In this study, we investigated the interrelationship between BID and anthropometric, laboratory and clinical parameters. A total of 681 type 2 diabetic patients, treated with bedtime insulin in association with other antidiabetic drugs (preprandial insulin and/or oral agents), were studied. Anthropometric, clinical and biochemical parameters, as well as micro- and macrovascular complications, were evaluated. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was assessed by liver ultrasound. BID was titrated to achieve a fasting blood glucose target of ≤6.7?mmol/L (120?mg/dL). In the multivariate analysis, BID was significantly associated with waist circumference (p?=?0.04) and the insulin treatment duration (p?=?0.004) as the type of insulin treatment ("basal-bolus" regimen vs. basal insulin only, p?0.0001), the use of lipid-lowering drugs (p?=?0.0003) and insulin sensitizers (p?=?0.005). Several glycometabolic parameters were strongly associated with BID (HbA1c p?=?0.01, FPG p?0.0001, HDL p?=?0.02, triglycerides p?=?0.03). Moreover, the presence of severe NAFLD resulted in a higher BID (p?=?0.03). We concluded that when starting and titrating the basal insulin in type 2 diabetes, certain anthropometric, laboratory and clinical factors can be useful to find optimal BID more quickly and appropriately. 相似文献
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Rosso R Di Biagio A Maggiolo F Nulvesu L Callegaro AP Taramasso L Bruzzone B Viscoli C 《AIDS care》2012,24(1):54-58
The choice of an antiretroviral regimen can often impact on adherence, treatment satisfaction and therefore influence on clinical outcome. These concerns are particularly true in adolescents. In this setting, adherence is usually affected by multifactor events and biopsychosocial factors, which connect and changeover time. We evaluated the effect of a switch to a single-pill fixed-dose regimen on patient-reported outcomes, virologic and immunologic outcomes, and safety in a cohort of adolescents with perinatal HIV-1 infection. In addition, we evaluated the effect on low-level residual HIV-RNA. An open-label, non-randomised study was performed: 12 adolescents with a confirmed viremia <50 copies/mL treated with lamivudine or emtricitabine, tenofovir and efavirenz were switched to one-pill fixed-dose regimen of emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz. At the end of follow-up, the new regimen was associated with improvements in treatment satisfaction, HIV-symptoms, whereas adherence remained high. No immunological or virological significative changes were observed. No side-effects were registered. Moreover, the low-level residual HIV-RNA was <3 copie/mL in all patients. One-pill fixed-dose regimen is an added value that favours adherence, reduces HIV-symptoms, improves patients' satisfaction and could better control of HIV-RNA in adolescents, too. 相似文献
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