尼莫地平对内耳缺血/再灌注豚鼠耳蜗血迷路屏障通透性的影响

目的研究尼莫地平对内耳缺血/再灌注后豚鼠耳蜗血迷路屏障通透性的影响。方法随机将32只豚鼠分为4组,每组8只,分别为缺血用药组、缺血对照组、再灌注用药组、再灌注对照组。采用小脑前下动脉FeCl3诱导血栓形成制备耳蜗缺血豚鼠模型,缺血1小时后再经股静脉给予尿激酶溶解血栓制备再灌注模型,分别于缺血后早期及再灌注后静脉注射尼莫地平,各对照组以等量生理盐水代替尼莫地平注射。采用激光多普勒血流测量仪监测耳蜗血流量(cochlear bloodflow,CoBF),测量实验前后豚鼠听性脑干反应(ABR)波Ⅲ反应阈值;分别在股静脉推注伊文思蓝2小时后采用荧光定量检测其血迷路屏障通透性变化。结果豚鼠耳蜗发生缺血后早期应用尼莫地平组与缺血对照组伊文思蓝通过血迷路屏障的平均量分别为每只0.245±0.108和0.442±0.153μg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);耳蜗发生缺血再灌注后应用尼莫地平组与再灌注对照组,伊文思蓝通过血迷路屏障的平均量分别为每只0.963±0.261和0.620±0.148μg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在内耳缺血早期使用尼莫地平,能减轻血迷路屏障的损伤;但在缺血再灌注后使用尼莫地平,则加重血迷路屏障的损伤,使其通透性增加。     

六味地黄丸对去势高脂雌鼠雌激素受体a、β mRNA表达的影响

目的探讨六味地黄丸对去势高脂雌鼠ER（a,β）mRNA表达的影响.方法将24只8周龄去势雌性大鼠随机分为地黄组、雌二醇组、对照组共3组,每组8只,分别给予六味地黄丸（2.4g/d/只）、苯甲酸雌二醇注射液（0.2mg/3d/只）、生理盐水,观察6周.应用全自动生化仪测血脂、放免法测FSH,E2,硝酸还原酶法测NO,RT-PCR法分析ERa,ERβmRNA表达.结果与对照组比较,地黄组能明显降低TC,TG,有显著性差异（P＜0.01）,升高HDL-C（P＜0.05）,E2上升（P＜0.05）,NO明显上升（P＜0.01）,ERa,ERβmRNA表达均明显高于对照组（P＜0.01）.结论六味地黄丸具有改善血脂作用,并可调高去势高脂大鼠主动脉ERa,ERβmRNA的表达及升高血清NO的作用,该作用为其在绝经女性防治动脉粥样硬化和冠心病等应用提供了依据.     

Two point mutations in mitochondrial DNA of cytochrome c oxidase coexist with normal mtDNA in a patient with Alzheimer's disease

The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (CO) gene sequence was determined on a patient with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Compared to the standard Cambridge sequence to identify base changes,two missense mutations were found in the patient with AD. The mutations were a G to T transition at np 8206 and an A to T transition at np 8224. The np 8206 mutation changed a Met to an Ile and np 8224 mutation changed a Leu to a Phe. The normal bases and the mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) coexist in the patient. Further studies will be required to demonstrate the role of the point mutations of mitochondrial DNA in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease.     

Local instillation of Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan at operation prevents wound healing impairment after trauma

BACKGROUND: Considerable experimental evidence and limited clinical evidence indicate that wound healing is impaired after trauma. Because Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan (SaPG) accelerates healing in normal rats and prevents wound healing impairment induced by glucocorticoids, cyclophosphamide, and streptozotocin-diabetes, we hypothesized that SaPG would prevent the impaired wound healing after trauma. METHODS: In each of two experiments, 18 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into two groups, nine rats each, paired by weight; one group received unilateral comminuted femoral fracture and wounding (two dorsal skin incisions and six subcutaneous polyvinyl alcohol [PVA] sponges), and the other group was only wounded. The incision and PVA sponges on one side were inoculated at operation with saline (200 microL/incision, 50 microL/sponge) and on the other side with SaPG in saline (860 microg of SaPG per centimeter of incision, 0.5 mg of SaPG per sponge). Rats ate chow and drank tap water ad libitum and were killed 7 days postoperatively. RESULTS: In both experiments, the wound breaking strength (WBS) of saline-inoculated incisions was significantly lower in rats with femoral fracture; histologically, reparative granulation tissue was looser and less prominent. WBS of SaPG-inoculated incisions in rats with and without femoral fracture was significantly higher than that of saline-inoculated incisions and, histologically, reparative tissue was more prevalent, more closely packed, and more mature. WBS of SaPG-inoculated incisions in rats with femoral fracture was similar to that of saline-inoculated incisions in rats without femoral fracture. Reparative tissue hydroxyproline and histologic findings of saline-inoculated PVA sponge reparative tissue were similar in all rats, as were the increases induced by SaPG inoculation. CONCLUSION: Wound breaking strength and histologic findings of skin incisions (impaired in rats with unilateral femoral fracture) are more sensitive to the adverse effects of trauma than accumulation of PVA sponge reparative tissue. A single inoculation of SaPG at operation increased wound incision healing in rats both without and with femoral fracture and notably prevented the impaired healing in rats with femoral fracture.     

Effects of Mitofusin-2 Gene on Cell Proliferation and Chemotherapy Sensitivity of MCF-7

In order to evaluate the effect of mitofusin-2 gene （mfn2） on proliferation and chemotherapy sensitivity of human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 in vitro, pEGFPmfn2 plasmid carrying full length of mitofusin-2 gene was transfected, by using sofast, into MCF-7 cells. Mitofusin-2 gene expression in MCF-7 cells transfected by sofast after 48 h was detected by PCR and Western blotting, and the stable expression of GFP protein in MCF-7 cells by Western blot analysis. The proliferation of MCF-7 cells was assayed by MTT and cell counting. By using PI method, the effects of mfn2 on the cell cycle distribution of MCF-7 were measured. Annexin-Ⅴ/PI double labeling method was employed to detect the changes in apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutics before and after transfection. The results showed that the MCF-7 cells transfected with mfn2 gene could stably and highly express GFP protein. MTT assay revealed that after transfection of mfn2 cDNA, the proliferation of MCF-7 cells was significantly inhibited. DNA histogram showed that cells arrested in S phase, and the percentage of S phase cells was 42.7, 17.2 and 19.6 in mfn2 cDNA transfection group, blank plasmid transfection group and blank control group, respectively （P〈0.05）. The apoptosis ratio of the cells transfected with mfn2 gene was increased from 3.56% to 15.95%, that of the cells treated with camptothecin （CAMP） followed by mfn2 gene transfection was 69.6%, and that in blank plasmid transfection group and blank control group was 31.0% and 23.4% respectively （P〈0.05）. It was suggested that transfection of mfn2 gene could significantly inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and promote their sensitivity to CAMP with a synergic effect.     

肾复康对大鼠masugi肾小球肾炎治疗作用的实验研究

中药复方肾复康对大鼠masugi肾小球肾炎具有显著的治疗作用,增加24h尿量,降低24h尿蛋白含量.降低血清肌酐和尿素,作用呈量效关系.     

Influence of processing on atractylenolide III content in Atractylodes macrocephala Koids]

The atractylenolide III content in different processed products of Atractylodes macrocephala was determined by HPLC. The result has shown that the content in the processed products appears higher than that in the crude herb, with the yellow-fried product being the highest.     

先天性马蹄内翻足病因学研究

为先天性马蹄内翻足的神经肌肉病变学说提供科学依据。对手术后随访的９２例摄腰骶部Ｘ线片，７７例作直肠肛门测压检查，并对２３例患肢腓肠肌、胫前肌和腓骨肌４２个标本进行了运动神经支配的观察，测量了轴突终末支配比率，观察了运动终板形态，还通过琥珀酸脱氢酶组化染色检查了４８个标本不同肌群的组化分型变化。另外还对１４个标本进行了肌肉超微结构的研究。结果：９２例中发现７８．３％合并隐性能椎裂；肛管静息压和直肠肛管压差明显高于对照组；三组肌群中运动终板存在着退变或再生者占４２．９％～５４．６％；轴突终末支配比率（ＴＩＲ）增高者占６２％；组化分型提示有红肌纤维增高与集聚，肌纤维大小不等，形态各异，尤以腓肠肌和胫前肌突出，其超微结构也呈现去神经肌萎缩改变。这些改变提示本病病因系神经肌肉病变使三组肌力不平衡而产生马蹄内翻足，但是脊髓神经病变尚不清楚，肌肉改变是否为继发性病变也难定论。     

急性化脓性中耳炎对耳蜗外淋巴离子的影响

本文介绍了10只豚鼠听泡接种金黄色葡萄球菌后，诱发急性化脓性中耳炎，在检测患耳外淋巴时，发现外淋巴K^ 浓度升高（P＜0.01);Na^ 浓度轻度升高，无统计学意义，患耳耳蜗辅片见底回外毛细胞和部分内毛细胞坏死。所以，中耳炎时的内耳毛细胞坏死可伴有离子浓度的改变。     

内窥镜鼻窦术后中鼻道粘膜的超微病理结构变化

探讨鼻内窥镜术后中鼻道粘膜的病理结构变化。方法筛选１０例经鼻内窥镜手术后中鼻道粘膜恢复较好的慢性鼻窦炎患者,分别于术后第１、２、３、４个月取中鼻道粘膜进行电镜检查。结果鼻内窥镜术后第１个月时,粘膜内主要表现为纤维组织增生。