Erythrocyte membrane n-3 fatty acid levels and carotid atherosclerosis in Chinese men and women

Objective

Prospective studies have supported the beneficial effects of n-3 fatty acid consumption on cardiac deaths, but limited data focused on atherosclerosis. We investigated the associations between n-3 fatty acids in erythrocytes and atherosclerosis in middle-aged and older Chinese.

Methods

847 subjects (285 men and 562 women), aged 40–65 years, from Guangzhou, China were included in this community-based cross-sectional study between December 2005 and January 2008. The levels of α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in erythrocytes were measured by gas chromatography. Carotid ultrasound examination was conducted to obtain intima–media thickness of the common carotid artery and the carotid bifurcation. Dietary data and other covariates were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaires.

Results

After adjustment for age, sex, and other confounders, negative dose–response associations between the contents of individual n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the erythrocyte membrane and the prevalence of carotid artery wall thickening and plaque were observed. A comparison in the highest and lowest tertiles gave odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for thickening in the walls of the common carotid artery of 0.58 (0. 34–0.97; P-trend = 0. 037) for DHA, and 0.39 (0.23–0.67; P-trend < 0.001) for ALA. However, EPA was not significantly associated with carotid atherosclerosis. Similar results were found for thickening at the carotid bifurcation and the occurrence of carotid artery plaque.

Conclusions

Higher levels of DHA and ALA in the erythrocyte membrane were significantly associated with a lower burden of subclinical atherosclerosis.     

无痛胃镜与常规胃镜检查的前瞻性对照研究

目的探讨临床上无痛胃镜和常规胃镜检查的取舍原则。方法连续选择自愿接受无痛胃镜检查（无痛胃镜组）和常规胃镜检查（普通胃镜组）的患者各400例,检查结束后完成f可卷调查,统计分析2组检查完成情况、操作时间、检查费用以及问卷调查结果。结果无痛胃镜组和普通胃镜组检查完成率分别为100．0％（400／400）和98．0％（392／400）（P=0．004）,操作时间分别为（257．7-I-133．5）S和（214．2±121．3）S（P〈0．001）,平均检查费用分别为人民币574．23形人和268．00形人（P〈0．001）,患者满意度评分分别为4（3～4）分和3（2～3）分（Z=一18．98,P〈0．001）,操作者满意度评分均为4（4～4）分（Z=一2．645,P=0．008）,胃镜检查摄片质量评分分别为（3．13±0．39）分和（3．18±0．50）分（P=0．153）。无痛胃镜组术中有20例（5．0％）发生SpO：下降,既往心血管疾病病史（OR=2．410,95％CI：0．924—6．287,P=0．004）和患者年龄（OR=1．039,95％CI：1．002一I．077,P=0．002）与发生Sp02下降存在关联。无痛胃镜组和普通胃镜组分别有381例（95．2％）和145例（36．4％）（P〈0．001）愿意再次接受相同检查方式检查,其中普通胃镜组男性（P=0．007）、年龄1〉60岁者（P=0．031）、体质量指数≤24kg／m2者（P=0．039）更愿意再次接受常规胃镜检查。结论在中国目前,由于完成率高、检查时间短、费用低,常规胃镜检查仍是上消化道疾病检查不可欠缺的重要方法。内镜医师在建议患者选择胃镜检查方式时,不仅要考虑减轻患者检查中的不适程度,更要根据患者的实际情况,严格把握适应证,在充分利用医疗资源的前提下使患者得到及时的诊治。     

先天性心脏病患者免疫因子Th17/Treg失衡与肺动脉高压的关系

目的:探讨患者外周血中Th17细胞、CD4+D25+FoxP3+调节性T细胞(Treg)的变化及意义。方法:75例先天性心脏病(CHD)合并肺动脉高压(PAH)患者,分为轻度肺动脉高压组(28例)、中度肺动脉高压组(32例)及重度肺动脉高压组(15例),20例健康体检者作为对照组。采用流式细胞分析法检测外周血中Th17细胞、Treg细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例,分析Th17细胞与Treg细胞的比例与肺动脉压的相关性。结果:Th17/CD4+T细胞比例、Treg/CD4+T细胞的比例和Th17/Treg细胞比值,两组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),随着肺mPAP的增加,Th17/CD4+T细胞比例明显升高;Treg/CD4+T细胞的比例明显下降;Th17/Treg细胞比值显著升高。mPAP与Th17/Treg比值呈显著正相关(r=0.95,P<0.05)。结论:先天性心脏病合并肺动脉高压患者外周血中存在Th17/Treg失衡,且与肺动脉高压程度呈正相关,Th17/Treg失衡可能参与了肺动脉高压的发生发展。     

脑胶质瘤组织中R132H突变型hIDH1基因双顺反子真核表达载体的构建及鉴定

目的以pcDNA3.1(+)为骨架,构建并鉴定人脑胶质瘤组织中含R132H突变的人源异柠檬酸脱氢酶1基因(hIDH1R132H)和增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)序列的双顺反子真核表达载体。方法以内部核糖体进入位点(IRES)/EGFP片段为模板,扩增出IRES/EGFP片段,并在5’末端引入3×Flag标签;通过PCR介导的定点突变法,以pCMV-sports6-hIDH1为模板,扩增hIDH1R132H基因片段,并在3’末端引入3×Flag标签;通过PCR连接两种产物后经双酶切定向克隆入pcDNA3.1(+)骨架;转化大肠杆菌后挑取阳性克隆,提取质粒进行PCR检测及基因序列测定。结果 PCR检测7个菌落中有6个阳性克隆,DNA测序发现引入了hIDH1基因。结论成功构建了双顺反子真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)-hIDH1R132H/3×Flag/IRES/EGFP,为研究人胶质瘤组织中R132H突变的作用机制奠定了基础。     

活血通络方对大鼠周围神经病变神经传导速度影响的研究?

目的：：研究活血通络方对大鼠周围神经病变神经传导速度的影响。方法：将雄性 Wistar大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、西药组、中药组、联合用药组,通过高糖高脂饲料喂养、注射链脲佐菌素的方式制作糖尿病大鼠模型,分别给予甲钴胺、活血通络方治疗。治疗后测定神经功能以及神经细胞因子含量。结果：①神经功能：模型组的神经功能低于正常组,中药组、西药组、联合用药组的神经功能优于模型组,联合用药组的神经传导速度、电位波幅均高于中药组、西药组,潜伏期短于中药组、西药组;②神经细胞因子：模型组的神经营养因子( NTF)、神经生长因子( NGF)、脑源性神经营养因子( BDNF)含量均低于正常组,中药组、西药组、联合用药组的NTF、 NGF、 BDNF含量均高于模型组,联合用药组的NTF、 NGF、 BDNF含量均高于中药组、西药组。结论：活血通络方联合甲钴胺有助于改善神经传导功能,提高神经细胞因子含量。     

Bone change after surgical treatment of mucous cyst at the interphalangeal joint of the great toe in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis

Digital mucous cysts are a type of benign cysts of the digits, typically located at the distal interphalangeal joints or in the proximal nail fold, which usually occur on the hands. The diagnosis of digital mucous cysts is relatively easy because of its light-transmitting property, but the treatment is often difficult because of complications including recurrence, infection, diminished range of motion, and nail deformity. We report a case of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) showing good course after surgical treatment of mucous cyst at the interphalangeal joint of the great toe. In a case of RA, combination of synovectomy with surgical treatment of mucous cyst might be effective.     

胃上皮异型增生的新概念

关于异型增生的诊断标准,在东西方国家的胃肠病学术界存在着很大差异,曾一度导致诊断上的混乱.鉴于此.国际上制定了帕达瓦和维也纳新分类系统,对异型增生的诊断标准提出全新的概念,明确将高级别胃上皮异型增生作为胃癌最早期的镜下可见阶段,只是尚未发生浸润.因此,异型增生作为胃癌前病变这一描述已不再准确.深化对胃上皮异型增生的认识与理解,加强对其形成机制、可逆性和治疗方面的研究,是当前重要的研究课题.     

基于正则化的磁共振相控阵线圈图像均匀性校正算法

由于能提供更大的扫描视野,更高的信噪比和缩短扫描时间,相控阵线圈已经被广泛使用在磁共振成像(MRI)设备中。相控阵线圈的图像重建合成最常用的是SOS算法,但是SOS算法通常会造成图像的灰度不均匀。这样不仅会直接影响医生诊断的准确性,同时对图像自动分割等后处理技术的使用也会产生不良影响。本文提出一种改进的基于正则化的最小二乘化方法,用于MRI相控阵图像的合成。在该方法中利用均匀的大体线圈和相控阵线圈进行预扫描获得线圈敏感图,通过引入正则函数来控制重建图像的噪声。此外,在正则函数中还使用大体线圈的预扫描图像作为参考图像。使用水模和志愿者成像数据验证,该方法能够有效提高相控阵线圈重建图像的均匀性。     

Clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in children with traditional Chinese medicine

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common allergic diseases in children and it can lead to physical and mental health problems. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) plays an important role in understanding the phenotypes and treatment of AR. However, there are currently no normative clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of AR in children. The study aimed to develop an evidence-based CPG for the treatment of AR in children with TCM. Systematic literature research, expert questionnaire, and clinical evaluation after three rounds of surveys were adopted to form recommendations for treating children with AR using the Delphi method. Depending on the clinical manifestations, we finally recommended two decoctions with two Chinese patent medicines for an acute attack of AR and two decoctions for a chronic period of AR. For the acute attack of AR in children, Xinyi Qingfei decoction, Wenfei Zhiliu decoction, Xinqin granules, and Xinyi Biyan pills were suggested, whereas for the chronic period of AR, Buzhong Yiqi and Jingui Shenqi decoctions were recommended. The four external treatment methods suggested for the prevention and care of AR were body acupuncture, moxibustion, auricular point pressing, and acupoint application. The recommended levels of the suggested TCM strategies ranged from Grade B to D, indicating the weakness of the recommendations. TCM has the potential to offer new insights into phenotypes and the management of AR worldwide; however, more high-quality clinical studies are needed to improve the quality of evidence.