Mouse model of post-infarct ventricular rupture: time course, strain- and gender-dependency, tensile strength, and histopathology

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies on mice with surgically induced acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have documented the frequent occurrence of ventricular rupture, an event not previously reported in other laboratory species. We have examined the natural history, histopathology and myocardial mechanical strength in mice with AMI. METHODS: AMI was induced by coronary artery occlusion and animals were monitored for fatal events. Gross and histological examinations were undertaken. RESULTS: Rupture occurred in the left ventricular free wall at 2-6 days after AMI. Incidence of rupture in male mice varied among three strains studied (3% for FVB/N, 27% for C57B/6J, and 59% for 129sv, P<0.05) and was lower in female than male mice (23% vs. 59%, P<0.05). Histologically, ruptured hearts had rapid-occurring and severe infarct expansion, multifocal intramural hemorrhage and leucoyte infiltration at the border zone and infarcted zone. In vitro, infarcted left ventricles demonstrated a 50-60% reduction in muscle tensile strength. This reduction preceded the onset of rupture and was related to the time-window of rupture and to infarct size. CONCLUSION: LV wall rupture in the mouse occurs within a narrow time-window after AMI and is strain- and gender-dependent. Infarct expansion, regional hemorrhage with formation of hematoma and leuocyte accumulation are important pathological changes leading to reduced myocardial tensile strength.     

间日疟原虫裂殖子表面蛋白的等位基因型检测

目的　建立一种间日疟原虫裂殖子表面蛋白 1(PvMSP-1)基因型检测技术。　方法　设计针对PvMSP 1ICB5～ICB6多态区的引物进行PCR ,其产物用PvuⅡ内切酶消化、琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测 ,鉴别我国间日疟原虫现场分离株基因型。　结果　 98份间日疟血样经套式PCR扩增均出现大小约为 40 0bp(Belem型 )或 470bp(Sal-1型 )的特异性片段。酶切消化后 ,45份 470bp样本出现 12 0bp和 3 5 0bp酶切片段 ,为Sal-1型 ;40份 40 0bp的样本中 3份仅出现 1条 40 0bp片段 ,为Belem型 ;3 5份出现 12 0bp和 2 80bp两种酶切片段 ,为Ⅲ重组型 ;2份 12 0bp和 2 40bp片段 ,为朝鲜型。结论　套式聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性 (PCR-RFLP)技术可用于检测我国间日疟原虫的 3种PvMSP-1等位基因型。     

江滩地区纳潮引水药浸法杀灭钉螺的现场评价

［摘要］　目的　比较江滩地区纳潮引水药浸法与单纯喷洒法现场灭螺效果。方法　在2块相邻有螺江滩上分别采用纳潮引水药浸法灭螺（灭螺药为26%四聚·杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂）与单纯26%四聚·杀螺胺乙醇胺盐悬浮剂喷洒法灭螺，在灭螺前后分别进行螺情调查并计算灭后活螺密度。结果　纳潮引水药浸法灭螺后1年和2年活螺密度下降率分别为72.19%和100.00%，单纯喷洒法灭螺后1年和2年活螺密度下降率分别为5.93%和18.15%。结论　有螺江滩纳潮引水药浸法灭螺效果明显优于单纯喷洒法灭螺，纳潮引水药浸法灭螺持续开展2年以上效果更佳。     

强化降脂治疗对老年不稳定性心绞痛病人的临床效果

目的 :评价强化降脂治疗对老年不稳定性心绞痛 (UAP)病人预后的影响 ,探讨降脂药物的作用机制。方法 :确诊为老年UAP病人 79例 ,随机分为常规药物治疗组 (常规组 ,n =3 9)和常规药物加立普妥 (lipitor)组 (立普妥组 ,n =40 ) ,立普妥初始剂量 10mg/d ,根据低密度脂蛋白胆固醇达标情况 ( <2 6mmol/L)增量 ,最大剂量 40mg/d。以 12导联ST段压低数值总和 (∑ST)和 1周内心绞痛发作次数作为心肌缺血指标 ,空腹取静脉血测定血糖、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血浆一氧化氮、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物、C 反应蛋白、心肌酶谱、肝肾功能及血、尿常规。 6个月后复测上述指标 ,同时观察半年内心脑血管事件。两组病人年龄、性别、血压、心率、吸烟、空腹血糖及危险分层比例无明显差异。结果 :6个月后共纳入病人 76例 (常规组 ,n =3 8;立普妥组 ,n =3 8)。用药前后比较 :两组病人用药后心绞痛发作次数及∑ST均较用药前明显下降 ,立普妥组下降更明显 ,均有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5及P <0 0 1) ;立普妥组治疗后较治疗前甘油三酯及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显下降 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5及P <0 0 1) ,一氧化氮明显增加 ,有极显著性差异 (P <0 0 1) ;C 反应蛋白及纤溶酶原激活物抑制物明显降低 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 0     

Knockdown of augmenter of liver regeneration in HK-2 cells inhibits inflammation response via the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway

Inflammation Research - Augmenter of liver regeneration (ALR) is a growth factor that is ubiquitously expressed in multiple forms among eukaryotes. The present study focused on the role of...     

Facile synthesis of high-surface-area nanoporous carbon from biomass resources and its application in supercapacitors

It is critical for nanoporous carbons to have a large surface area, and low cost and be readily available for challenging energy and environmental issues. The pursuit of all three characteristics, particularly large surface area, is a formidable challenge because traditional methods to produce porous carbon materials with a high surface area are complicated and expensive, frequently resulting in pollution (commonly from the activation process). Here we report a facile method to synthesize nanoporous carbon materials with a high surface area of up to 1234 m² g⁻¹ and an average pore diameter of 0.88 nm through a simple carbonization procedure with carefully selected carbon precursors (biomass material) and carbonization conditions. It is the high surface area that leads to a high capacitance (up to 213 F g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹) and a stable cycle performance (6.6% loss over 12 000 cycles) as shown in a three-electrode cell. Furthermore, the high capacitance (107 F g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹) can be obtained in a supercapacitor device. This facile approach may open a door for the preparation of high surface area porous carbons for energy storage.

High-surface-area nanoporous carbon is obtained by direct pyrolysis of biomass resources without an activation process. An electrochemical test shows high capacitance.     

Electrochemical oxidizing digestion using PbO2 electrode for total phosphorus determination in a water sample

Total phosphorus is one of the key water quality parameters in environmental monitoring. To precisely determine the total phosphorus, water samples have to be pretreated to convert the various forms of phosphorus to orthophosphate. Conventionally, pretreatment is accomplished by heating, acidification, and oxidation in a digestion equipment, which is dangerous, time-consuming, and complicated. Herein, we propose a novel high-performance electrochemical oxidation protocol for phosphorus digestion based on a PbO₂ electrode. The electrode, which has a hydrophobic and stable surface, was prepared by electrochemical deposition on a titanium substrate and has high hydroxyl radical utilization when digesting total phosphorus. As a result, 90% of sodium glycerophosphate was digested within 30 minutes, and high digestion ratios of acephate, glyphosate, and inland water samples were obtained as well. In addition, this electrochemical digestion protocol does not required heating and acidification steps, which shortens the digestion time. Therefore, a rapid quantification of total phosphorus in the water sample was achieved.

Using electrochemical oxidation for digestion when testing total phosphorus with a digestion ratio of about 90%.     

Correction: Comparative pharmacokinetics of four active components on normal and diabetic rats after oral administration of Gandi capsules

Correction for ‘Comparative pharmacokinetics of four active components on normal and diabetic rats after oral administration of Gandi capsules’ by Renjie Xu et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 6620–6628.

AJing Xu''s name, affiliation and E-mail address were incorrectly reproduced in the published article. The correct versions are shown here.The Royal Society of Chemistry apologises for these errors and any consequent inconvenience to authors and readers.     

Formation mechanism and characterization of porous biomass carbon for excellent performance lithium-ion batteries

Porous biomass carbon derived from corn stalks was prepared via carbonization and activation of CaCl₂. Combined with its microstructure, the formation mechanism and electrochemical properties were analyzed. The addition of CaCl₂ was the key factor to form the porous structure, and the proportion of CaCl₂ had a significant impact on the pores distribution and electrochemical properties. The resulting sample had a specific surface area of 370.6 m² g⁻¹ and an average pore size of 9.65 nm. The sample was circulated at 0.2C for 100 cycles, the specific discharge capacity was 783 mA h g⁻¹. After 60 cycles at different rates, when the current was restored to 0.2C again, the discharge specific capacity quickly recovered. This showed that the sample had excellent rate performance and cycle stability for lithium-ion batteries.

Porous biomass carbon derived from corn stalks was prepared via carbonization and activation of CaCl₂.