Association between interleukin-10 gene -592 C/A polymorphism and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of 5320 subjects

Increasing evidence suggests that interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene -592 C/A polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To provide a quantitative assessment of the association between this variant and risk of T2DM, we performed this meta-analysis. Systematic searches of electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CBMdisc and CNKI, as well as hand searching of the references of identified articles were performed. A total of 2698 T2DM cases and 2622 controls in seven case-control studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed no evidence for significant association between IL-10 gene -592 C/A polymorphism and T2DM risk (for A allele vs. C allele: OR=0.94, 95% CI=0.69-1.29, p=0.69; for A/A vs. C/C: OR=0.88, 95% CI=0.39-1.98, p=0.75; for A/A vs. A/C+C/C: OR=1.04, 95% CI=0.59-1.82, p=0.89; for A/A+A/C vs. C/C: OR=1.11, 95% CI=0.73-1.69, p=0.61). In addition, the similar results were obtained in the subgroup analysis based on the ethnicity. In summary, results from this meta-analysis suggest that the IL-10 gene -592 C/A polymorphism is not associated with T2DM risk.     

CQS-01与EMS-Ⅲ超声气压弹道碎石清石系统的临床有效性和安全性对照试验研究

目的:评价CQS-01超声气压弹道碎石清石系统的有效性和安全性。方法:以CQS-01超声气压弹道碎石清石系统作为试验组,EMS-Ⅲ超声气压弹道碎石清石系统作为对照组,选取宜采用经皮肾镜碎石取石(percutaneous nephrolithotomy,PNL)治疗的肾结石或上段输尿管结石患者86例,随机分至试验组和对照组,每组各43例,观察时间为术后7±3天,主要疗效观察指标包括结石完全清除率、大部分清除率、手术时间、碎石清石时间、清石量,主要安全性指标包括血红细胞和血红蛋白变化、肾功能(BUN、Cr)变化、血清电解质变化、术后患者体温和血白细胞变化以及不良反应发生率等。结果:试验组和对照组术前在人口学、肾脏及结石特征方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后两组的结石完全清除率分别为76.74%和79.07%(P=0.796),结石大部分清除率为23.26%和20.93%(P=0.796),手术时间分别为(92.49±76.59)min和(87.28±50.01)min(P=0.485),碎石清石时间分别为(50.16±57.11)min和(40.59±31.01)min(P=0.976),清石量分别为(10.85±20.08)mL和(5.05±6.00)mL(P=0.041)。试验组和对照组在术后24 h和术后7±3天,血红细胞和血红蛋白下降程度、下降例数、输血例数、BUN和Cr变化、电解质变化、术后炎症反应、不良反应发生率等方面均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:CQS-01超声气压弹道碎石清石系统在临床碎石清石效果、碎石清石能力和安全性等方面达到EMS-Ⅲ超声气压弹道碎石清石系统相似的水平。     

Physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and obesity among Chinese children

Objective

To investigate the relationships of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) with the risk of overweight/obesity in Chinese schoolchildren.

Methods

A total of 1795 children aged 8-13 years at baseline were followed-up for 18 months from 2006 to 2008 in Guangzhou, China. Children were categorized as “normal weight”, “overweight”, and “obese” using Chinese obesity cut-off points. Data on self-reported PA were obtained. CRF was determined by the 20-meter multistage fitness test, and the sex-specific median values were set as the cut-off points for the classification of high and low CRF.

Results

Significantly higher CRF was found in children with normal weight (from 6.55 to 8.65 ml/kg/min) or physically active children (from 0.42 to 1.22 ml/kg/min) compared with the reference group. CRF was inversely associated with the kg/m² change in BMI during the follow-up period (β = − 0.63 kg/m² and − 0.64 kg/m² for boys and girls, respectively, both p < 0.001). Significant association of baseline CRF with overweight/obesity was found in boys (odds ratio (OR) 8.71; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.59-29.26, p < 0.001), whereas the association was marginally insignificant in girls (OR 6.87; 95% CI 0.96-49.09, p = 0.055).

Conclusions

The results showed a strong negative association between CRF levels and children's BMI and weight gain.     

Milk consumption and bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis of published epidemiological studies

Studies investigating the association of milk consumption with bladder cancer risk have reported inconsistent findings. We conducted a meta-analysis of published cohort and case-control studies to pool the risk estimates of the association between milk intake and bladder cancer. We quantified associations with bladder cancer using meta-analysis of odds ratio (OR) associated with the highest vs. the lowest category of milk intake using fixed- or random-effect models depending on the heterogeneity of effects among studies. Nineteen cohort and case-control studies were eligible for inclusion. High milk intake was significantly associated with decreased risk of bladder cancer (OR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71-0.97) when comparing the highest with the lowest category of milk intake. The inverse association was stronger in Asia (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40-0.81) than North America (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.76-1.03), and no association was observed in Europe (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.85-1.26). This relationship also varied significantly by specific dairy products. Our results suggest that milk may be related to the reduction of bladder cancer risk. Further studies need to clarify the biological mechanisms.     

江苏省男男性行为人群性传播疾病感染状况及危险因素

目的 分析江苏省男男性行为人群梅毒、淋球菌和沙眼衣原体感染状况及其相关危险因素.方法 采用滚雪球法于2010年8-10月在江苏省常州市和扬州市选取400名男男性行为者(MSM)进行现场问卷调查,共获得328份既采集静脉血又采集直肠拭子的有效对象.对静脉血使用ELISA法和甲苯胺红不加热血清试验(TRUST)进行梅毒螺旋体检测,对采集的直肠拭子进行淋球菌和沙眼衣原体的检测.采用logistic回归分析梅毒螺旋体、淋球菌和沙眼衣原体感染的影响因素.结果 328名调查对象年龄为(32.46 +9.72)岁,未婚者占59.15％ (194/328);75.00％ (246/328)的调查对象最近3个月与男性发生过肛交行为,最近1次肛交时使用安全套的比率为56.71％(186/328),53.05％ (174/328)的调查对象在最近3个月内未与女性发生过性行为.梅毒的现症感染率为13.41％ (44/328),淋球菌的感染率为3.66％( 12/328),沙眼衣原体的感染率为11.59％( 38/328).有1～2名男性性伴者的梅毒感染率为7.55％ (8/106),有3名及以上男性性伴者的梅毒感染率为25.81％ (16/62).男性性伴数越多感染梅毒的危险性就越大(OR =4.213,95％ CI:1.133～15.656).结论 江苏省部分城市MSM人群梅毒和沙眼衣原体感染率高,高危性行为发生率高,应加强对MSM高危行为的干预.     

Pressure-induced superconductivity in topological parent compound Bi2Te3

We report a successful observation of pressure-induced superconductivity in a topological compound Bi(2)Te(3) with T(c) of ～3 K between 3 to 6 GPa. The combined high-pressure structure investigations with synchrotron radiation indicated that the superconductivity occurred at the ambient phase without crystal structure phase transition. The Hall effects measurements indicated the hole-type carrier in the pressure-induced superconducting Bi(2)Te(3) single crystal. Consequently, the first-principles calculations based on the structural data obtained by the Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction patterns at high pressure showed that the electronic structure under pressure remained topologically nontrivial. The results suggested that topological superconductivity can be realized in Bi(2)Te(3) due to the proximity effect between superconducting bulk states and Dirac-type surface states. We also discuss the possibility that the bulk state could be a topological superconductor.     

低氧诱导因子-1α和血管内皮生长因子在玉树地震救援人员急性高原反应低氧性肺动脉高压发生中的作用

目的 观察低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在急性高原反应(AHAR)低氧性肺动脉高压(HPH)发生中的作用及返回低海拔后的变化。方法 选择2010年4月14日青海玉树大地震后由低海拔(1 500m)快速进入高海拔地区(3 700m)并从事重体力劳动的18～35岁男性官兵96名,根据AHAR症状评分分为无AHAR组(25名)、轻中度AHAR组(47名)和重度AHAR组(24名);在高海拔地区停留50 d后下撤前及返回低海拔地区后12h、15d分别测定平均肺动脉压(mPAP)和血清HIF-1α、VEGF水平。同时选择低海拔地区50名健康官兵作为对照。结果 高海拔无AHAR组mPAP(mm Hg,1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)和血清HIF-1α(pg/L)、VEGF(ng/L)水平（分别为24.23±1.56、68.80±7.52、82.56±6.32）明显高于低海拔对照组(18.50±1.30、50.95±3.33、65.78±4.03);且随AHAR加重,各指标进一步升高,高海拔轻中度AHAR组分别为28.42±1.32、88.10±9.20、104.82±10.36,重度AHAR组分别为34.70±2.94、117,93±13.46、136.77±12.03,组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.01)。高海拔AHAR总计分与mPAP、血清HIF-1α、VEGF水平均呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.672、0.737、0.634,均P＜0．01);mPAP与血清HIF- 1α、VEGF水平呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.706、0.638,均P＜0.01)。与低海拔对照组比较,96名官兵进入高海拔地区50 d时mPAP (mm Hg)和血清HIF- 1α (pg/I)、VEGF (ng/L)水平（分别为29.08±4.22、91.16±20.58、107.11±10.32）显著升高(均P＜0.01),返回低海拔地区12 h(分别为23.05±3.18、70.99±8.22、78.65±6.47)、15 d（分别为18.96±1.75、52.31±4.92、63.08±4.55）时各指标显著下降,且15d明显低于12 d(均P＜0．01),15d时各指标与低海拔对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(均P＞0.05)。结论 人体在高海拔低氧地区并从事重体力劳动时,AHAR越重,mPAP和血清HIF-1α、VEGF水平就越高,说明HPH与HIF-1α、VEGF水平升高有密切关系;返回低海拔地区后12h上述指标有显著改善,15d可恢复到正常水平。     

人粪便中基因甲基化分析在大肠癌早期筛查中的意义

目的 探讨联合检测粪便中波形蛋白基因、肿瘤抑素受体(OSMR)基因和组织因子途径抑制物2( TFPI2)基因甲基化作为大肠癌早期筛查的可行性和临床意义。方法 收集郑州大学第一附属医院2009年5月至2010年8月收治的60例大肠癌患者、17例大肠腺瘤患者及30名健康对照者的粪便标本,采用甲基化特异性PCR方法 分析其波形蛋白基因,OSMR基因和TFPI2基因甲基化状态。结果 60例大肠癌患者粪便中波形蛋白基因、OSMR基因和TFPI2基因甲基化阳性率分别为53.3％ (32/60),68.3％（41/60）和75.0％ (45/60);17例大肠腺瘤患者3种基因甲基化阳性例数分别为5、7和11例;三者联合检测大肠癌和大肠腺瘤的敏感度分别为86.7％( 52/60)和76.5％(13/17),特异度为86.7％ (26/30)。结论 检测粪便中波形蛋白基因、OSMR基凶和TFPI2基因甲基化在大肠癌诊断和筛查中有潜在的应用价值。