内皮素鞘内注射后的脊髓形态学观察

对18只大鼠进行内皮素脊髓鞘内注射,观察及记录大鼠后肢功能状态,并将18只大鼠分为3个不同的时间处死,进行病理形态学观察。结果表明:3组均表现缺血缺氧病理改变。2及4h实验组病变重于30min实验组。脊髓下胸段、腰段病变重于颈段及骶尾段。同时发现,大鼠后肢的功能状态与其脊髓相应的病理形态学变化不呈正比。     

人参总皂甙对不完全性脑缺血后海马CA1区NOS阳性神经元表达的影响

目的探讨人参总皂甙(GS)对不完全性脑缺血及再灌注不同时间后海马CA1区一氧化氮合酶(NOS)的影响及对神经元的保护作用.方法用双侧颈总动脉夹闭加放血的方法制成大鼠不完性脑缺血及再灌注模型,以还原烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸脱氢酶(NADPH-d)组织化学方法观察缺血及再灌注后海马CA1区NOS阳性神经元变化及GS对其的影响.结果单纯缺血组海马CA1区在缺血30min时NOS阳性细胞数最高(44.5±7.42),为假手术组2倍,再灌注2h、12h、24h、3d后逐渐下降,5d时恢复正常水平(21.12±3.50),缺血再灌注3d、5d时出现神经细胞损伤.GS能抑制缺血30min及再灌注各时程中NOS阳性神经元数量变化,并能预防缺血再灌注后迟发的神经元损害.结论GS对大鼠不完全性脑缺血及再灌注不同时程后海马CA1区NOS的异常表达有抑制作用,对神经元的保护作用.     

MRI同层动态增强对垂体微腺瘤的诊断价值

目的：分析垂体微腺瘤的MPd同层动态增强特征。方法：对40例临床怀疑为垂体微腺瘤的病人行同层动态增强MPd扫描，并绘出时间一信号强度曲线图。结果：40例病人中共检出垂体微腺瘤26例。同层动态增强后垂体微腺瘤的MPd表现为圆或椭圆形的低或稍低信号，似“充盈缺损”；垂体微腺瘤的最大信号强度多出现在注入造影剂后32～96s，以64s最明显。结论：同层MPd动态增强对垂体微腺瘤的诊断有较高价值。     

经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗合并肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折

目的 探讨合并严重肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折进行经皮穿刺椎体成形术的技术特点和治疗效果。方法 7例(10个椎体)合并严重肺气肿并且透视椎体显示不清的胸椎骨质疏松椎体压缩骨折患，侧卧位在CT结合C型臂透视引导下进行经皮穿刺椎体成形术。术前、术后2d和随访时分别测定疼痛强度评分、止痛药使用和活动能力评分。随访2-8个月，平均5个月。结果 7例皆顺利完成手术，注射骨水泥的量平均2．2ml／椎体(1．0～4．0m1)，无临床并发症，手术时间2—3．5h／例。疼痛强度评分值术后2d比术前平均减低3．9，随访时进一步下降0．2—2．9，活动能力和止痛药使用术后均明显改善。结论 合并肺气肿的胸椎压缩性骨折患行经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗前应进行骨折椎体透视检查，显示不清选择侧卧位在CT结合C型臂透视引导下穿刺注射可获得良好疗效。     

滤网式脑保护装置下颈动脉狭窄支架置入术的临床研究

目的探讨颈动脉支架置入术中滤网式脑保护装置的有效性及安全性。方法19例颈动脉狭窄患者在滤网脑保护装置下使用自膨胀支架行颈动脉支架置入术。观察脑栓塞的发生和所回收的过滤网。术后短期随访。结果19例滤网式脑保护装置下颈动脉支架置入术均成功实施,回收的过滤伞中8个发现组织碎片,无手术死亡及症状性脑梗塞并发症。临床短期随访无脑缺血发生。结论脑保护装置下支架置入术治疗颈动脉狭窄是安全和有效的。     

基于美军二战海战减员数据的校正

目的：通过对二战减员数据的校正，为下一步建立海战减员预计模型提供数据支持．方法：选取美军在二战太平洋海战中的减员数据作为研究的基本资料，通过专家咨询法(Delph method)对其进行校正，所有结果都对其进行了t检验．结果：水面舰艇遭受炸弹、舰炮及航空火炮、短程导弹、鱼雷和水雷的攻击时减员将减少，遭受中程导弹攻击时减员将会增加．结论：该校正结果可作为研究未来海战卫生减员预计的基本依据之一．     

局部性尤文肉瘤综合治疗临床分析

目的　探讨局部性尤文肉瘤的综合治疗效果。方法　收集经综合治疗的 2 5例尤文肉瘤患者的临床资料 ,采用Kaplan Meier法进行分析、Logrank法检验 ,分析治疗方式和化疗周期对疗效的影响。结果　综合治疗局部性尤文肉瘤的有效率为 92 % (2 3 /2 5 )。治疗结束后病灶完全消退组患者的 1、3、5年生存率 (10 0 %、93 .8%和 81.3 % )明显高于病灶未完全消退组 (10 0 %、75 .0 %和 5 0 .0 % ) (均P <0 .0 5 )。行 6个周期化疗的患者 1、3、5年生存率 (10 0 %、93 .8%和 66.7% )高于 3个周期者 (88.9%、77.8%和 5 5 .6% ) (均P <0 .0 1)。局部采用手术或放疗对疗效无明显影响 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　经综合治疗 ,局部性尤文肉瘤病灶完全消退者生存期明显延长 ,化疗周期的次数是影响疗效的重要因素。     

急性重型颅脑损伤ET和CGRP含量变化及其临床意义

目的　探讨急性重型颅脑损伤 (ASBI)患者血浆中内皮素 (ET)和降钙素基因相关肽 (CGRP)的含量变化及其临床意义。方法　用放免法测定 2 8例ASBI患者伤后 6～ 2 4h血浆中ET及CGRP含量。结果　ASBI患者ET含量明显增多 ,差别有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;CGRP也有一定的增多 ,但无显著性差异。结论　ET和CGRP共同参与ASBI病理生理反应过程 ,ET释放增加是加重脑继发性损害的重要因素     

Alpha-smooth muscle actin in pathological human disc nucleus pulposus cells in vivo and in vitro

That a contractile actin isoform has been found in cells of other cartilage tissues in healing and disease states prompted this investigation of the presence of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in pathological human intervertebral disc tissue. The presence of this isoform has been reported in human intervertebral disc specimens obtained at autopsy from subjects for whom there were no reported symptoms. An objective of this study was to evaluate the cell density and percentage of alpha-SMA-containing cells in pathological nucleus pulposus tissue obtained from lumbar disc surgery from 17 patients. Additionally, explants of nucleus pulposus material were cultured to determine how alpha-SMA expression changed with time in vitro. Seventy-six 5-mm diameter explants (approximately 2 mm thick) pooled from six lumbar surgeries were cultured for 1, 2, 4, or 6 weeks. Microtomed sections of paraffin-embedded specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or a monoclonal antibody to alpha-SMA. Histologically, cells were categorized as to alpha-SMA phenotype (positive or negative), and the areal cell density was determined. The evaluation of the cultured nucleus pulposus explants also included documentation of the percentage of cells that were round or elongated and the percentage of the cells that were part of a group (group: >/= 2 cells). Every nucleus pulposus section exhibited the presence of alpha-SMA-containing cells, which accounted for approximately 24 percent of the cells in vivo. In vivo, the cell density was significantly higher in older individuals (p = 0.02). The average time for cell outgrowth from the explants was 8.6 days. Approximately 10-15 percent of the cells in the explants stained positive for alpha-SMA. The time in culture had no significant effect on any of the outcome measures except the percentage of alpha-SMA-containing cells that were round (p = 0.008), with values decreasing through 4 weeks and then slightly rising at 6 weeks. The role of alpha-SMA in intervertebral disc pathology warrants further investigation.