长春西汀治疗血管性痴呆的临床疗效观察

目的:探讨长春西汀对血管性痴呆(VD)疗效和作用机制。方法:96例VD患者随机分成长春西汀治疗组和胞二磷胆碱对照组,分别在治疗第10、21d进行简易精神状态评分(MMSE)和长谷川评分(1DS),同时测定与记忆有关的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)的活性。结果:长春西汀治疗组患者第21d的MMSE和IDS评分均高于治疗前和一般治疗组(P＜0．01),且长春西汀治疗组VD患者的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)活性降低和血浆乙酰胆(Ach)含量升高(P＜0．05)。结论:长春西汀治疗VD疗效肯定,其机制可能与胆碱能神经系统功能增强有关。     

新型冠状病毒肺炎后潜水员适潜性评估

新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID?19）自2019年底爆发以来,对人类生命健康造成了极其严重的危害。作为一种呼吸系统疾病,COVID?19对全身几乎所有器官都会产生影响,其中最主要的受累器官为肺和心脏。随着COVID?19 “康复”患者数量不断增加,越来越多的证据表明,因COVID?19而住院治疗得到“康复”的患者中有相当大比例的人群存在着后遗症,主要表现为呼吸系统和心血管系统的症状。对于潜水员,COVID-19后运动耐受、心肺功能的恢复对于其适潜性具有重要的影响。一些组织和机构对于潜水员COVID-19后的适潜性评估,发布了指南。本文对COVID-19后呼吸和心血管后遗症以及相关的适潜性评估方案进行简要介绍,并基于已有的相关要求和我国实际,初步提出我国潜水员COVID-19后的适潜性评估要求。     

荆防颗粒中抑制新型冠状病毒蛋白酶3CLpro及PLpro的活性成分

目的：荆防颗粒是新型冠状病毒肺炎预防及轻症治疗的推荐用药,本文结合化学成分分析及活性检测,阐明其潜在的活性成分。方法：采用酶学方法测定荆防颗粒提取物对新型冠状病毒3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CL^pro)、papain like protease (PL^pro)、spike protein receptor-binding domain (S-RBD)及人cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)的抑制活性,利用氨水引咳小鼠模型测试其止咳作用;基于liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC/MS)技术对荆防颗粒进行化学成分定性、定量分析,阐明其化学组成;采用酶学实验、分子对接、定点突变等方法测定荆防颗粒中抑制3CL^pro、PL^pro的主要活性成分并阐明可能的作用机制。结果：荆防颗粒提取物对新型冠状病毒3CL^pro、PL^pro蛋白酶具有一定的抑制作用,且具有COX-2抑制活性及止...     

注重文化传承与创新为学校发展提供更加有力的精神支撑

通过哈医大注重学校文化传承与创新建设,在学校发展中起到助推作用的做法及存在问题的探讨,论述了如何进一步推进学校文化建设的思路及措施.     

Fructooligosaccharide enhanced absorption and anti-dyslipidemia capacity of tea flavonoids in high sucrose-fed mice

The ingestion of tea flavonoids (TF) and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) contributes to anti-hyperlipidaemia. In the current study, TF or FOS or TF together with FOS were orally administrated to mice fed a high sucrose (HS) diet. UPLC-MS analyses showed that FOS significantly increased the concentrations of urine catechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin gallate and gallocatechin gallate. The mice fed with HS for continuous 8?weeks exhibited severe dyslipidemia and abnormal liver fat accumulation. However, oral administration of FOS or TF or in combination significantly decreased the effects of HS on the serum total cholesterol, total triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein. Co-treatment of FOS and TF more effectively regulated lipid metabolism by inhibiting lipogenesis. Intake of TF together with FOS reduced the level of dyslipidemia marker (elaidic acid) by increasing anti-oxidative activity than treatments of FOS or TP alone in HS-fed mice. Histological observations of liver confirmed these health benefits.     

The causal relationships between obstructive sleep apnea and elevated CRP and TNF-α protein levels

BackgroundObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and inflammation are closely related. This study aimed to evaluate the associations and causal effect between C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels and OSA.MethodsPooled analysis was conducted to compare the expression differences of CRP and TNF-α between OSA patients with different severity and controls, and between continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and non-CPAP interventions for OSA patients. Using published GWAS summary statistics, we conducted a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) to estimate the causal relationships between CRP and TNF-α levels and OSA risk. Effect estimates were evaluated using inverse-variance weighted (IVW) as primary method, and several other MR methods as sensitivity analysis.ResultsBoth TNF-α (WMD [95%CI] = 5.86 [4.80–6.93] pg/ml, p < .00001) and CRP (WMD [95%CI] = 2.66 [2.15–3.17] mg/L, p < .00001), showed a significant increase in OSA patients compared with controls and this increasing trend was associated with OSA severity. Besides, compared to blank control (non-CPAP), CPAP treatment can reduce high TNF-α (WMD [95%CI]= −4.44 [−4.81, −4.07]pg/ml, p < .00001) and CRP (WMD [95%CI]= −0.91 [−1.65, −0.17] mg/l, p = .02) in OSA. Moreover, the primary MR analysis by IVW showed that OSA was the genetically predicted cause of elevated CRP (estimate: 0.095; 95% CI, [0.010–0.179]; p = .029) using six SNPs as the instrument variable, which were repeated by weighted median (estimate: 0.053; 95% CI, [0.007, 0.100]; p =.024) and MR RAPS (estimate: 0.109; 95% CI, [0.079, 0.140]; p = 1.98x10⁻¹²). Besides, the causal effect from elevated CRP on increased OSA risk was almost significant by IVW (OR:1.053; 95% CI, [1.000, 1.111]; p = .053). However, there were no causal associations between TNF-α and OSA from both directions.ConclusionsIncreased CRP and TNF-α were associated with OSA severity and sensible to CPAP treatment. Also, OSA had a suggestive causal effect on elevated CRP.     

Transient directing group enabled Pd-catalyzed C–H oxygenation of benzaldehydes and benzylic amines

We report a general protocol for <i>ortho</i>-C–H fluoroalkoxylation of benzaldehydes and benzylic amines utilizing an inexpensive amino amide as a transient directing group. In the presence of an electrophilic fluorinating bystanding oxidant and fluorinated alcohols, a wide range of benzaldehydes and benzylic amines could be oxygenated selectively at the ortho positions to afford fluoroalkyl aryl ethers. This elegant approach would provide appealing strategies for synthesis of drug molecules and natural products.

A general protocol for ortho-C–H fluoroalkoxylation of benzaldehydes and benzylic amines was exploited by utilizing an inexpensive amino amide as a transient directing group.     

重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征围手术期处理对术中及术后出血的影响

目的 探讨对重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, OSAHS) 患者在围手术期进行正压通气治疗（continue positive airway pressure,CPAP）及血压控制后,术中应用电刀对术中术后出血的影响。方法 应用多导睡眠监测仪和Holter心电及血压检测仪对具有打鼾症状的患者进行监测,将合并高血压的252例OSAHS 患者分为对照组、治疗组。对照组于围手术期常规口服降压药物治疗,不行CPAP 治疗,术中不应用电刀;治疗组围手术期应用CPAP治疗,静滴降压药物,随时控制血压于稳定状态,术中应用电刀。对两组患者术中、术后的出血量进行比较分析。结果 治疗组出血量明显少于对照组（P＜0.01）,差异有统计学意义。结论 围手术期正压通气可以有效改善患者因长期缺氧而导致的机体损害,有利于血压保持正常稳定状态,提高手术耐受力,动态的血压控制和应用电刀可以有效减少术中出血量及术后出血的机会,降低手术危险性,避免严重并发症的发生。     

中俄双边口岸地区鼠形动物监测名录

目的于2006至2009年间对中俄黑龙江、内蒙古双边11个口岸地区的鼠形动物进行本底调查。方法 5 m夹夜法、弓形夹法及电弧捕鼠器捕捉法。结果编著中俄双边11个口岸鼠形动物名录。结论该名录为中俄口岸公共卫生及鼠传疾病的防治提供本底资料。     

结核性骶髂关节炎临床表现及影像学特点

目的:探讨结核性骶髂关节炎的临床表现及影像学特点,以期辅助临床诊疗。方法:回顾性分析2015年9月至2020年1月郑州大学第一附属医院及河南省胸科医院收治的36例结核性骶髂关节炎患者的一般资料、临床表现、合并疾病、实验室检查、影像学表现、治疗及预后等资料。结果:36例中,男11例,女25例,发病年龄中位数(四分位数)32.0(23.0,50.5)岁。30例出现腰骶部、髋部或臀区疼痛,且以单侧疼痛为主。23例伴发热,4例伴乏力、消瘦或盗汗。34例检测T-SPOT,其中阳性27例。28例行骨盆DR或骶髂关节CT检查,其中关节面毛糙18例,关节间隙变窄或增宽10例,骨质破坏6例;17例行骶髂关节MRI平扫,均可见骶髂关节骨髓水肿,11例伴周围软组织受累。1例失访;其余35例均接受规范抗结核药物治疗,疗程12～18个月,其中9例同时接受外科手术治疗,均临床治愈。结论:结核性骶髂关节炎常单侧受累,部分可伴脓肿形成,经规范抗结核药物治疗或联合手术治疗,整体预后良好。