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PO Ajiboye OA Abiodun MF Tunde-Ayinmode OIN Buhari EO Sanya KW Wahab 《African health sciences》2013,13(3):624-631
Back ground
Stroke produces a wide range of mental and emotional disorders. Neuropsychiatric complications associated with stroke may have negative effects on the social functioning, overall quality of life and the recovery of motor functioning of stroke survivors.Objective
To determine the prevalence and nature of psychiatric morbidity among stroke patients attending neurology outpatient clinic of the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital (UITH), Ilorin-Nigeria.Methods
All patients with stroke aged 18 years and above at an outpatient neurology clinic in Ilorin, Nigeria were assessed for mental and emotional disorders using the Schedule for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) over one year (March 2009 to February 2010).Results
Overall prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was 36.0% (30/83) among 83 patients who constituted the study population. Specific diagnoses recorded were depression (19.2%), generalised anxiety disorder (9.6%), harmful alcohol use (2.4%); dementia, somatoform disorder, phobia and delusional disorder each had a prevalence of 1.2%. Clinical and sociodemographic variables were not significantly associated with psychiatric morbidity.Conclusion
Psychiatric disorders are often associated with stroke. Identifying and treating stroke patients with these psychiatric co-morbidities could thus help to improve the overall quality of life of these patients. 相似文献23.
D. J. Clark A. G. Kolias E. A. Corteen S. C. Ingham J. Piercy S. J. Crick D. K. Menon P. J. Hutchinson 《Acta neurochirurgica》2013,155(7):1329-1334
Background
Uncertainty remains as to the role of decompressive craniectomy (DC) for primary evacuation of an acute subdural haematoma (ASDH). In 2011, a collaborative group of neurosurgeons, neuro-intensive care physicians and trial methodologists was formed in the UK with the aim of answering the following question: “What is the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of DC, in comparison to simple craniotomy for adult patients undergoing primary evacuation of an ASDH?” The proposed RESCUE-ASDH trial (Randomised Evaluation of Surgery with Craniectomy for patients Undergoing Evacuation of Acute Subdural Haematoma) is a multi-centre, pragmatic, parallel group randomised trial of DC versus simple craniotomy for adult head-injured patients with an ASDH. Clinical trials in the emergency setting face the problem that potential participants may be incapacitated and their next of kin initially unavailable. As a result, consent and enrolment of participants can often be difficult.Method
In the current study, we aimed to assess public opinion regarding participation in the RESCUE-ASDH trial and acceptability of surrogate consent by conducting a pre-protocol community consultation survey.Results
One hundred and seventy-one subjects completed the survey. Eighty-four percent of participants responded positively when asked if they would participate in the proposed trial. Ninety-six percent and 91 % answered positively when asked if they found surrogate consent by their next of kin and an independent doctor acceptable, respectively. None of the characteristics of the study population were found to affect the decision to participate or the acceptability of surrogate consent by the next of kin. Being religious showed a trend towards higher acceptability of surrogate consent by a doctor. Conversely, an education to degree level and above showed a trend towards reduced acceptability of surrogate consent by a doctor.Conclusions
Our community consultation survey shows that the proposed trial is acceptable to the public. In addition, the results suggest high levels of acceptability of surrogate consent by next of kin or independent doctor amongst our community. 相似文献24.
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Differential induction of apoptosis in undifferentiated and differentiated HL-60 cells by DNA topoisomerase I and II inhibitors 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The effects of monocytic/macrophage and granulocytic differentiation induced by phorbol myristate acetate (TPA) and all-trans retinoic acid, respectively, were tested on the induction of apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells treated with topoisomerase I and II inhibitors. Using a filter-binding assay, we observed a strong inhibition of DNA fragmentation induced by 3- and 24-hour continuous exposure to camptothecin, VP-16, VM-26, and m-AMSA in TPA- differentiated cells. The inhibition of the typical internucleosomal DNA fragmentation was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. By contrast, drug-induced DNA fragmentation was not inhibited in retinoic acid-differentiated cells, and apoptosis occurred in these cells after 4 to 5 days in the absence of drug treatment. The TPA inhibitory effect was maximal after 24 hours of treatment and was correlated with differentiation, because phorbol dibutyrate ester was active, whereas 4- alpha-TPA, a nontumor promoter that does not induce differentiation, was not active. Using alkaline elution, we observed that TPA and retinoic acid differentiation were associated with changes in topoisomerase-mediated DNA breaks that were not correlated with their differential effects on drug-induced DNA fragmentation. Moreover, TPA also inhibited DNA fragmentation induced by vinblastine, cycloheximide, calphostin C, and x-rays. Using a cell-free system, we observed that DNA fragmentation was not inhibited in nuclei from TPA-differentiated cells. Rather, inhibition of apoptosis seemed to take place in the cytoplasm. We conclude that phenotypic changes associated with TPA- induced differentiation include inactivation of a cytoplasmic activity that can induce DNA fragmentation associated with apoptosis. 相似文献
27.
C.H. Smith Z.K. Jabbar‐Lopez Z.Z. Yiu T. Bale A.D. Burden L.C. Coates M. Cruickshank T. Hadoke E. MacMahon R. Murphy C. Nelson‐Piercy C.M. Owen R. Parslew E. Peleva E. Pottinger E.J. Samarasekera J. Stoddart C. Strudwicke V. A. Venning R.B. Warren L.S. Exton M.F. Mohd Mustapa 《The British journal of dermatology》2017,177(3):628-636
28.
Extent and consequences of inadequate disease control among adults with a history of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis
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Wenhui Wei Peter Anderson Abhijit Gadkari Stuart Blackburn Rachel Moon James Piercy Shashank Shinde Jorge Gomez Eric Ghorayeb 《The Journal of dermatology》2018,45(2):150-157
Since control of atopic dermatitis (AD) remains challenging but has not been adequately characterized, the objective of this study was to characterize disease control among patients with a history of moderate to severe AD. Data were from the 2014 Adelphi US AD Disease Specific Programme, a cross‐sectional survey of physicians (n = 202) and their patients with history of moderate to severe AD (n = 1064, 54% female, 75% white, mean age 40 years). Inadequately controlled AD as rated by the physician was defined as currently flaring; deteriorating/changeable AD; or physician dissatisfaction with current control. The overall inadequate control rate was 58.7% (n = 625), which increased with current AD severity and was observed in 53.4% and 83.4% of patients receiving immunosuppressants and systemic corticosteroids, respectively. Relative to controls, inadequately controlled patients had poorer disease‐specific quality of life, higher level of work impairment, greater itch and sleep interference with daily living (all P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed factors significantly associated with inadequate control (all P < 0.05), including Hispanic race, symptoms on the head/neck or lower limbs, itch and sleep interference with daily living. A limitation of the study was reliance on accuracy of reporting, potential selection bias and cross‐sectional study design. In summary, there was a high rate and substantial impact of physician‐rated inadequately controlled disease among patients with a history of moderate to severe AD, suggesting the need for more effective therapies. 相似文献
29.
Lei Ye Husnain Kh Haider Shujia Jiang Rusan Tan In-Chin Song Ruowen Ge Peter K Law Eugene KW Sim 《老年心脏病学杂志》2006,3(3):152-160
Introduction Extensive cell death and an associated myocardial dys- function are the common features of chronic heart disease. Given the inadequate ability of the human heart to regenerate, a more recent approach to counter the remodel- ing process is to compensate for the loss of functioning cardiomyocyte number through stem cell transplantation with angiomyogenic potential.1,2 The novel approach of heart cell therapy is to repopulate the scar tissue with myogenic cells that may be functional… 相似文献
30.