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71.
De Moerloose B Van de Wiele C Dhooge C Philippé J Speleman F Benoit Y Laureys G Dierckx RA 《European journal of nuclear medicine》1999,26(4):396-403
Imaging with technetium-99m sestamibi offers a non-invasive approach to detect the presence of functional P-glycoprotein (Pgp), one of the major causes of multidrug resistance, in human malignancies. A clinical role for Pgp has been suggested in the subpopulation of primary neuroblastoma without amplification of the proto-oncogene MYCN. We wanted to evaluate the usefulness of 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy in the screening of neural crest tumours for the presence of Pgp. In ten children suffering from MYCN-negative neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma or ganglioneuroma, 99mTc-sestamibi imaging was performed at initial diagnosis. All patients underwent planar imaging 20-30 min and 3.5-4 h after intravenous injection of 740 MBq/1.73 m2 99mTc-sestamibi. Tumour to normal tissue ratios, as well as washout rates, were determined and compared with in vitro flow cytometric analysis of Pgp expression and function. Pgp expression was analysed flow cytometrically with the monoclonal antibodies 4E3 and MRK16, and Pgp function was evaluated by means of rhodamine 123 uptake and efflux either in the absence or in the presence of the Pgp inhibitor verapamil. In nine of ten patients, we found that the intratumoral 99mTc-sestamibi activity was comparable to the background activity, which might be suggestive of Pgp presence. This was confirmed flow cytometrically in all but one patient. 99mTc-sestamibi enhancement was seen in the primary tumour and the bone marrow metastases of one of the ten patients, and this result was concordant with a negative Pgp status. The findings presented suggest that 99mTc-sestamibi imaging results might correlate with the presence of functional Pgp in neural crest tumours without MYCN amplification. 相似文献
72.
Lütkes P Franke G Witzke O Zimmermann U Kohnle M Philipp T Heemann U 《Zentralblatt für Chirurgie》1999,124(2):90-94
The improvement of quality of life is one of the major goals in the treatment of patients after renal transplantation. While immunosuppressive therapy is present in almost all of these patients, little is known about the effects of newer immunosuppressive agents. We therefore investigated the impact of tacrolimus on life quality. From November 1997 to January 1998, a questionnaire was handed out which focussed on physical and mental problems as well as sexual capacity and the attitudes towards graft, donor and transplant related side effects. 50 kidney graft recipients treated with tacrolimus were matched to 50 patients with a cyclosporine-based immunosuppression (= controls). Values are given as mean +/- standard deviation. Tacrolimus treated patients had a mean creatinine of 1.8 +/- 0.8 mg/dl, as compared to 1.6 +/- 0.7 mg/dl in controls. The overall status of health was assessed to be good in 82% of the tacrolimus group (controls: 80%). 38% were working full-time (controls: 20%). Only 14% of patients described their physical condition as poor (16% in controls). Sexual function was good in 66% (controls: 74%) and poor in 10% (controls: 12%). Mental function was assessed to be good in 92% (controls: 82%). The majority of patients felt comfortable with their physical, sexual and mental capabilities. This was independent from the immunosuppressive regimen. 相似文献
73.
Müller V Szabó A Viklicky O Gaul I Pörtl S Philipp T Heemann UW 《Kidney international》1999,55(5):2011-2020
BACKGROUND: Renal hemodynamics and immune responses differ between males and females. Thus, sex hormones and genetically determined gender differences may determine the process of chronic rejection to some extent. METHODS: Female (F) or male (M) F344 kidneys were orthotopically transplanted into ovariectomized female Lewis recipients and were treated for 16 weeks with either estradiol, testosterone, or vehicle. RESULTS: Testosterone treatment resulted in increased urinary protein excretion independently of the donor gender, as well as extended glomerular sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and severe vascular lesions. Additionally, mononuclear cell infiltration was most pronounced in these animals, in parallel to an increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), fibronectin, laminin, and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in the grafts. Estradiol treatment resulted in an improved graft function, reduced glomerular sclerosis, and a diminished cellular infiltration, in parallel to a reduced ICAM-1, fibronectin, laminin, and TGF-beta expression. In animals treated with vehicle, the gender of the donor influenced the outcome. Grafts of male origin had good graft function and histology, whereas grafts from female donors developed severe proteinuria and glomerular, interstitial, and vascular damage. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a protective effect of estradiol on the progression of chronic rejection exists that is independent of donor gender. Additionally, a male kidney may benefit from the absence of testosterone, whereas the function of a female kidney deteriorates in the absence of estradiol. 相似文献
74.
Friedrich Gönner Ralf Baumgartner Daniel Schüpbach M. C. G. Merlo 《Psychopharmacology》1999,144(4):416-418
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but potentially fatal side-effect of antipsychotic drug therapy, especially
of dopamine receptor antagonists. As a dose relationship has been postulated, low dose neuroleptization would be expected
to help to avoid this side-effect. In contrast, we report on a 21-year-old female following low dose fluphenazine treatment
with 2.5 mg/day. The patient recovered from NMS after 3 days of dantrolene administration. Eventually, remission from psychotic
symptoms was achieved with clozapine. At 8-month follow-up, psychopathology remained stable and there were no more signs of
NMS.
Received: 8 July 1998 / Final version: 6 November 1998 相似文献
75.
Gabor F Haberl I Wirth M Richter K Theyer G Baumgartner G Wenzl E Hamilton G 《International journal of oncology》1996,9(3):527-531
The pseudoautosomal encoded MIC2 glycoprotein is a tumor-associated antigen of Ewing's sarcoma (ES) and closely related tumors of unknown function. To investigate the use of this protein as selective drug carrier recombinant MIC2 was coupled to doxorubicin by a two step glutaraldehyde method (molar ratio DOX/MIC2 of 32 and 16). The conjugates showed dose-dependent cytostatic activity against the ES cell line SK-ES1, the peripheral neuroectodermal line KAL and the prostate cancer cell line PC-3 concurrent with reduced toxicity against normal lymphoblasts. In comparison to free doxorubicin the MIC2-doxorubicin conjugates exhibited highest activity against the PC-3 cell line. Confocal microscopy showed intracellular accumulation of MIC2 conjugates. 相似文献
76.
77.
R. Philipp A. O. Hughes M. C. Robertson T. F. Mitchell 《West of England medical journal》1983,98(4):165-169
The aetiology of malignant melanoma is not wholly explained by exposure to sunshine. The present of arsenic in the soil has been suggested as a possible causative factor. Geographical clustering of malignant melanoma cases in the South Western Region is demonstrated for males and this clustering is associated with the distribution of arsenic in the soil. No evidence of geographical clustering is however found for females. This suggests possible sex-specific differences in the aetiology of malignant melanoma and indicates the need for further study of the association with arsenic.
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165166167168169 相似文献78.
Capillary versus arterial plasma catecholamines as markers for sympatho-adrenal activity in infants.
In this study, we investigated whether capillary plasma catecholamines can be used as a suitable substitute for arterial catecholamines. Analysis was done radioenzymatically. Catecholamine concentrations were not different in arterial and simultaneously collected "arterialized" (warmed foot) capillary plasma obtained by heel-prick from 18 neonatal intensive care patients as assessed by linear regression analysis (correlation coefficient: 0.966 for noradrenaline; 0.894 for adrenaline; p less than 0.05) and by a Wilcoxon test [noradrenaline: 2.13 (0.61-10.47) versus 2.41 (1.05-10.23); adrenaline: 0.75 (0.16-1.70) versus 0.72 (0.10-1.37) nmol/L, median (range)]. However, "arterialization" of capillary blood is important; when blood was obtained in nine neonates without warming their feet, capillary concentrations of noradrenaline were higher than arterial values (p less than 0.03) and those of adrenaline were not different from arterial values. Catecholamine concentrations in arterialized capillary plasma collected in healthy full-term infants at 1 h [n = 9; noradrenaline: 6.85 (3.09-8.88) nmol/L; adrenaline: 1.34 (0.86-2.85) nmol/L] and 5 d after birth [n = 27; noradrenaline: 1.58 (0.89-3.16) nmol/L; adrenaline: 0.59 (0.25-1.64) nmol/L] reflect the well-known fall (p less than 0.01) in catecholamine levels after delivery. With a highly sensitive analytical technique, catecholamine concentrations can reliably be assessed in minute samples (100-200 microL) of arterialized capillary blood, even when concentrations have dropped to low "resting" basal levels. Moreover, the capillary sampling procedure is simple and safe, can easily be applied to healthy infants, and does not have the practical and ethical limitations of arterial blood sampling. 相似文献
79.
Clinical extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) results have shown that the smaller the gallstone fragments following ESWL, the faster the patient will become stone-free. At ESWL, an attempt is made to produce sand-like fragments that will easily pass through the cystic and common bile ducts. Sixteen pairs of gallstones of equal shape, size, and composition were harvested from cholecystectomy specimens and then fragmented on the Dornier MPL-9000 lithotripter (Dornier Medical Systems, Inc.), individually, in a phantom oriented to duplicate either supine or prone patient positions. The number and size of remaining fragments were compared following the supine versus prone treatments. The 32 stones, ranging from 5-15 mm in diameter, received 1,500 shock waves at 21 kV. Fragments with a maximal diameter of greater than or equal to 4 mm were measured and counted after 750 and 1,500 shock waves. Fragments greater than or equal to 4 mm were found in four out of 16 stones treated supine (25%) and 16 out of 16 stones treated prone (100%). The largest residual fragment regardless of size for each stone pair occurred in the prone group in 14 out of 16 cases (88%). Biliary lithotripsy performed with supine positioning results in more efficacious gallstone fragmentation in this in vitro model; these findings suggest that supine positioning for patients could improve fragmentation and treatment success. 相似文献
80.
The concept of major depression 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Michael Philipp Wolfgang Maier Cynthia D. Delmo 《European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience》1991,240(4-5):266-271
Six operational definitions of the concept of major depression were submitted to empirical evaluation in 600 psychiatric inpatients. Special attention was given to the comparison of major depression in DSM-III-R and ICD-10. The data base created by a polydiagnostic interview revealed relevant classificatory differences between the six definitions under study. Sources of different diagnostic base rates were: inclusion or omission of anhedonia as an obligatory mood criterion; minimal number of syndrome criteria required for the syndrome diagnosis; different width and reference points of time criteria; exclusion rules for co-existing schizophrenic symptoms and for previous nonaffective and manic episodes. The empirically evaluated overlap between pairs of diagnostic definitions was less than excellent in most of the diagnostic definitions under study; only the DSM-III and DSM-III-R definitions agreed with each other to a highly comparable degree. The relatively good agreement of the 1989 draft definition of ICD-10 for major depression ("mild depression") with the other five operational definitions (kappa = 0.69) led us to expect that this definition should receive sufficient international acceptance. 相似文献