Proteomic analysis of liver plasma membrane from hepatitis B surface antigen transgenic mice

Objective To explore the differential liver plasma membrane( PM) proteins that may be related to the occurrence,development and reversal process of hepatitis and to understand the pathogenesis of hepatitis and the new drug targets by performing a comparative proteomics research of liver PM between     

Efficacy of radical cystectomy plus adjuvant intraarterial chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin on locally advanced bladder cancer

Background Bladder cancer is the ninth most common cancer in the world; fewer than 15％ of transitional-cell carcinoma patients survive 2 years if left untreated.Although radical cystectomy is the standard treatment of choice,much of them relapse and the necessity of adjuvant chemotherapy is still under debate.The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant intraarterial chemotherapy （IAC） with gemcitabine and cisplatin （GC） on locally advanced bladder cancer.Methods This is a retrospective study on 60 patients with locally advanced bladder carcinoma who underwent radical cystectomy between May 2000 and June 2011.Patients were studied in two groups based on IAC and followed up for up to 5 years.Results Among 60 patients,there were 25 patients who underwent IAC （GC） after radical cystectomy （the IAC group） and 35 patients who underwent radical cystectomy alone （the control group）.Although not significant,the relapse rates were slightly reduced in the IAC group than in the control group.Patients with IAC had a reduction in mortality compared with patients without IAC over 5 years.Specifically,IAC significantly reduced about 82％ of mortality within the first year （hazard ratio=0.18,95％ Cl 0.03-0.97,P=-0.04）.Additionally,IAC was well tolerated and safe.The most common adverse effect was transient myelosuppression （10/25,40％）,which was resolved by various medical treatments.Conclusions Compared with radical cystectomy alone,radical cystectomy in combination with adjuvant IAC moderately but significantly reduces 1-year mortality.Our preliminary data showed only marginal benefit for the early survival.However,a randomized clinical study is needed to determine the long-term survival benefit.     

结直肠癌常用化疗药引起肝损伤的研究

目的：以奥沙利铂、伊立替康等为主的化疗方案在结直肠癌肝转移中的应用逐渐增加,但目前一些临床观察表明,化疗可能影响肝脏损伤,进而影响新辅助化疗后围手术期的死亡率。本研究的目的是在健康小鼠腹腔中注射常用化疗药,明确应用不同化疗药引起肝损伤的类型及严重程度。方法：昆明小鼠反复腹腔注射生理盐水或伊立替康、奥沙利铂、5-FU/伊立替康及5-FU/奥沙利铂联合化疗。注射后处死小鼠,以组织学改变评估肝脏损伤类型。结果：在最大可耐受剂量下使用各种化疗药物,肝组织学未显示脂肪变性、纤维化或炎性浸润。与仅接受生理盐水腹腔注射的小鼠相比,接受5-FU/奥沙利铂联合化疗后小鼠肝组织VEGF mRNA表达水平无显著差异。结论：在无肿瘤负荷前提下,以5-FU、伊立替康、奥沙利铂为主的化疗,无肝损伤发生。此外,联合治疗也没有引起组织学改变。     

‘Struggling to be an insider’: a phenomenological design of new nurses’ transition

Aims and objectives. To obtain a comprehensive understanding of the transition process of new nurses in Taiwan. Background. The transition period for new nurses can be a daunting and traumatic experience. The large number of newly graduated Taiwanese nurses who resign from their jobs within three months indicates that this process can be complicated. However, the problems associated with the experiences of new nurses have not yet been recognised. Design. We adopted a phenomenological design using focus group interviews. Methods. Sixteen new nurses (less than one year working experience) participated in eight weekly group interviews lasting two hours each to grasp their experience of ‘being new’. Interview data were analysed according to Sloan’s (2002) three moments, and the whole process of analysis followed the suggestions of Agar (1986) , which was performed in a close collaboration between researchers until the consensus about the findings could be reached. Results. The overarching pattern of the transition process of new nurses becoming experienced members of the clinical nursing team was revealed as a journey of ‘struggling to be an insider’. This phenomenon was characterised by four themes, including (1) ‘being new as being weak’, (2) ‘masking myself’, (3) ‘internalising the unreasonable’ and (4) ‘transforming myself to get a position’. Conclusions. While Western culture view abusive indoctrination of new nurses as toxic behaviour, under the Chinese traditions of yield, tolerance and self‐oppression, following the power hierarchy and seeking harmony, the transition of new nurses is interpreted differently. Relevance to clinical practice. Recognition of the journey of ‘struggling to be an insider’ helps nurse administrators to (1) gain a better understanding of what new nurses encounter in their transition process, (2) help new nurses without harm, (3) improve in‐service training programmes and (4) retain future nurses.     

低分子肝素与分次给予普通肝素治疗进展型脑梗死临床疗效对比

目的观察普通肝素钠与低分子量肝素钠治疗进展型脑梗死临床疗效及其安全性。方法将72例急性进展性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组(36例)与对照组(36例),两组除常规治疗外,治疗组加用肝素钠50mg,2/d静脉滴注,连用5d。对照组给予低分于肝素钠5000U皮下注射,2/d,连用5d,于治疗前和治疗后14d比较两组神经功能缺缺损程度评分。结果治疗组神经功能缺损积分较对照组明显减少(P>0.05)。结论普通肝素分次静点较低分子量肝素钠治疗进展型脑梗死疗效好且相对安全。     

重症手足口病患儿合并肺炎支原体感染实验室检测指标对于临床诊断及治疗的提示性作用

目的 探讨肠道病毒71型合并肺炎支原体感染的重症手足口患儿的检测指标对于临床诊断及治疗是否起到提示作用。方法 收集2014年3月至8月于首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院住院的手足口病患儿100例,非手足口病患儿50例,对其粪便标本采用荧光定量RT-PCR方法检测,得出核酸定性结果。对其血清标本采用被动凝集法检测以得出肺炎支原体抗体效价。分析肺炎支原体感染在手足口病组和非手足口病组中的差异,探讨肠道病毒71型合并肺炎支原体感染与手足口病严重程度的相关性。结果 重症手足口病组患儿的肺炎支原体阳性率(76%)高于轻症手足口病组患儿的肺炎支原体阳性率(48%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.319,P=0.004)。结论 肠道病毒71型阳性合并肺炎支原体感染的重症手足口病患儿,应在临床诊治中引起关注。对于降低重症手足口病患儿向危重症的转化具有提示意义。